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Method to measure tree-ring width,density,elemental composition,and stable carbon and oxygen isotopes using one sample

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 167-174页

作者： Chenxi Xu Yaru Zhao Wenling An Qingyu Zhao Yucheng Liu Masaki sano Takeshi Nakatsuka Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029People's Republic of China CAs Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Beijing 100044People's Republic of China College of Earth sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049People's Republic of China Graduate school of Environment studies Nagoya UniversityNagoya 4648601Japan

Tree-ring width(RW),density,elemental com-position,and stable carbon and oxygen isotope(δ^(13)C,δ^(18)O)are widely used as proxies to assess climate change,ecology,and environmental pollution;however,a specific pretreat-ment has been needed for each ***,we developed a method by which each proxy can be measured in the same ***,the sample is polished for ring width *** obtaining the ring width data,the sample is cut to form a 1-mm-thick wood *** sample is then mounted in a vertical sample holder,and gradually scanned by an X-ray ***,the count rates of the fluorescent photons of elements(for chemical characteriza-tion)and a radiographic grayscale image(for wood density)are obtained,*** density and the element content are ***,cellulose is isolated from the 1-mm wood plate by removal of lignin,and *** producing this cellulose plate,cellulose subsamples are separated by knife under the microscope for inter-annual and intra-annual stable carbon and oxygen isotope(δ^(13)C,δ^(18)O)*** on this method,RW,density,elemental composition,δ^(13)C,and δ^(18)O can be measured from the same sample,which reduces sample amount and treatment time,and is helpful for multi-proxy comparison and combination research.

关键词： Tree-ring width Tree-ring density Tree-ring elemental composition Tree-ring stable carbon and oxygenisotopes

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Deep carbon recycling viewed from global plate tectonics

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National science Review 2024年第06期 37-55页

作者： Maoliang Zhang sheng Xu Yuji sano school of Earth system science Tianjin University Marine Core Research Institute Kochi University Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute The University of Tokyo

Plate tectonics plays an essential role in the redistribution of life-essential volatile elements between Earth's interior and surface, whereby our planet has been well tuned to maintain enduring habitability over much of its history. Here we present an overview of deep carbon recycling in the regime of modern plate tectonics,with a special focus on convergent plate margins for assessing global carbon mass balance. The up-to-date flux compilation implies an approximate balance between deep carbon outflux and subduction carbon influx within uncertainty but remarkably limited return of carbon to convecting mantle. If correct, carbon would gradually accumulate in the lithosphere over time by（i） massive subsurface carbon storage occurring primarily in continental lithosphere from convergent margins to continental interior and（ii） persistent surface carbon sinks to seafloors sustained by high-flux deep CO2emissions to the atmosphere. Further assessment of global carbon mass balance requires updates on fluxes of subduction-driven carbon recycling paths and reduction in uncertainty of deep carbon outflux. From a global plate tectonics point of view, we particularly emphasize that continental reworking is an important mechanism for remobilizing geologically sequestered carbon in continental crust and sub-continental lithospheric mantle. In light of recent advances,future research is suggested to focus on a better understanding of the reservoirs, fluxes, mechanisms, and climatic effects of deep carbon recycling following an integrated methodology of observation, experiment,and numerical modeling, with the aim of decoding the self-regulating Earth system and its habitability from the deep carbon recycling perspective.

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A remote sensing approach to estimate the load bearing capacity of soil

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2024年第1期11卷 109-116页

作者： Italo Rômulo Mendes de souza Edson Eyji sano Renato Paiva de Lima Anderson Rodrigo da silva statistics and Geoprocessing Laboratory Instituto Federal GoianoGeraldo Silva Nascimento RoadKm 2.575790-000 UrutaíGoiásBrazil Embrapa Cerrados BR-020 RoadKm 18Mailbox 0822373310-970 PlanaltinaDFBrazil Department of soil science ‘Luiz de Queiroz’College of AgricultureUniversity of São PauloAv.Pádua Dias235-AgronomiaPiracicabaSP 13418-900Brazil

Preconsolidation pressure(σp)of soil can be considered as an indicator of the Load Bearing Capacity(LBC),which is the tolerated surface pressure before compaction,often caused by the traffic of agricultural *** this pioneering study,a remote sensing approach was introduced to estimate LBC throughσp from soils of the“Rio Preto”Hydrographic Basin,Bahia state,Brazil,in a monthly time lapse from 2016 to ***,σp is measured by a laborious and time demanding laboratory analysis,making it unfeasible to map large *** innovative methodology of this work consists of combining active–passive satellite data on soil moisture and pedotransfer functions of clay content and water matric potential to obtain geo-located estimates ofσ*** were analysed under different classes of soil use,land cover and slope;95%confidence intervals were built for the time series of mean values of LBC for each *** overall seasonal variation in LBC estimates is similar in areas with annual crops,grasslands and natural vegetation,and flat areas are less affected by soil moisture variations over the year(between seasons).LBC decreased,in general,at about 0.5%a year in flat ***,these areas demand attention,since they occupy 86%of the Basin and are mostly subjected to agricultural soil management and surface pressure by heavy machinery.

关键词： soil compaction sMAP Preconsolidation stress Brazilian Cerrado

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颗粒形状和形状分选器的试验制造

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国外金属矿选矿 1989年第8期26卷 11-13,48页

作者： s. sano 张维庆

采用旋转筛分选器进行了颗粒按形状的分选。旋转筛上有许多直径为300μm的筛眼,不断地把球形的玻璃颗粒从球形和非球形(不规则形状的)颗粒的混合物中分离出来。这些颗粒的直径大约为400μm。实验中发现,1:1的混合物(球形颗粒数:非球形... 详细信息

采用旋转筛分选器进行了颗粒按形状的分选。旋转筛上有许多直径为300μm的筛眼,不断地把球形的玻璃颗粒从球形和非球形(不规则形状的)颗粒的混合物中分离出来。这些颗粒的直径大约为400μm。实验中发现,1:1的混合物(球形颗粒数:非球形颗粒数)的球形颗粒的回收率比1:2的混合物要高。也就是说,1:2的混合物,球形颗粒的百分数从29.4增加到44.5;而1:1的混合物,球形颗粒的百分数从59增加到76.1。因为比值(?)/(?)′=ψ代表一种形状指标,所以我们定义ψ为颗粒的球形度。ψ=1的颗粒是一个完全的球形,而随着ψ值的减小,颗粒的不规则性增加。式中,面是单个颗粒的平均质量,(?)′是当量球体的质量。

关键词：颗粒形状形状分选器试验制造

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利用常间回文重复序列丛集介导的基因编辑评估Tet2和甲基转移酶3a在克隆性造血和心血管病中的作用

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中华高血压杂志 2018年第7期26卷 699-699页

作者： sano s Ohshima K Wang Y Katanasaka Y sano M Walsh K 刘青叶鹏

克隆性血细胞生成与死亡率、心血管病发生率增加有关。这种情况可能是由于造血干/祖细胞（hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells,HsPC）内的前白血病驱动基因的体细胞突变引起的。大约有40个候选驱动基因已被确定出来,但有研究证明在这... 详细信息

克隆性血细胞生成与死亡率、心血管病发生率增加有关。这种情况可能是由于造血干/祖细胞（hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells,HsPC）内的前白血病驱动基因的体细胞突变引起的。大约有40个候选驱动基因已被确定出来,但有研究证明在这些基因中,仅一个基因[10-11易位-2（TET2）]的突变在大鼠模型中可导致心血管病。

关键词：克隆性造血心血管病甲基转移酶基因重复序列造血干/祖细胞体细胞突变评估

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Analysis of motorcycle microscopic characteristics at roundabouts under mixed traffic condition:A case study of Vietnam

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2021年第4期8卷 605-619页

作者： Linh Thanh Trinh Kazushi sano Kiichiro Hatoyama Chathura Kovida De silva Urban Transport Engineering and Planning Laboratory Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNagaoka University of TechnologyNiigata 940-2188Japan

Recently,the demand for comprehension of mixed traffic in developing countries,particularly at roundabouts,which are highly interactive road junctions,has ***,we analyzed mixed traffic at roundabouts,considering Vietnam as a case *** two main objectives of this study were to characterize the mixed traffic in Vietnam and to determine the microscopic characteristics of motorcycles at ***,efforts were made to clarify the two constitutions of mixed traffic(the performance rule and the presence of small-sized vehicles),and the term“motorcycle-oriented mixed traffic”was *** when satisfying the two fundamental constitutions,this traffic state has unique features,e.g.,only one type of non-lane-based vehicle(the motorcycle)and the predominance of motorcycles in the traffic composition(91.7%).second,four microscopic characteristics of motorcycles were obtained from a large dataset:the motorcycles’continuous changes in speed,the relationship between the turning angle rate and the speed,the critical gap,and the following *** relationship between the turning angle rate and the speed was first formulated as a power *** critical gap of motorcycles was estimated as a small value(1.25 s)in the case *** following spaces varied with respect to the speed and had an oval *** smallest lateral and longitudinal dimensions were 1.5 and 1.74 m,*** all the findings are meaningful,they are restricted to the case study(Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam).

关键词： Mixed traffic Microscopic traffic characteristics Roundabout Turning angle rate Critical gap Following space

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Ambipolar device simulation based on the drift-diffusion model in ion-gated transition metal dichalcogenide transistors

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 1446-1454页

作者： Akiko Ueda Yijin Zhang Nobuyuki sano Hiroshi Imamura Yoshihiro Iwasa National Institute of Advanced Industrial science and Technology(AIsT) Spintronics Research CenterTsukuba 305-8568Japan Department of Electrical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA The Institute of scientific and Industrial Research Osaka UniversityOsaka 067-0047Japan Max Planck Institute for solid state Research 70569 StuttgartGermany Institute of Applied Physics University of TsukubaTsukuba 305-8573Japan Department of Applied Physics and Quantum-Phase Electronics(QPEC)Center The University of TokyoTokyo 113-8656Japan RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science(CEMS)Wako 351-0198Japan

Ionic gating is known as a powerful tool for investigation of electronic functionalities stemming from low voltage transistor operation to gate-induced electronic phase control including ***-dimensional(2D)material is one of the archetypal channel materials which exhibit a variety of gate-induced ***,the device simulations on such iongated transistor devices have never been reported,despite its importance for the future design of device *** this paper,we developed a drift-diffusion(DD)model on a 2D material,Wse2 monolayer,attached with an ionic liquid,and succeeded in simulating the transport properties,potential profile,carrier density distributions in the transistor configuration.

关键词： transistor bipolar diffusion

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Effects of Chinese herbal medicine on plasma glucose,protein and energy metabolism in sheep

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2014年第3期5卷 325-332页

作者： Xi Liang Kyota Yamazaki Mohammad Kamruzzaman Xue Bi Arvinda Panthee Hiroaki sano Faculty of Agriculture Iwate University

Background： The use of antibiotics in animal diets is facing negative feedback due to the hidden danger of drug residues to human health. Traditional Chinese herbal medicine has been used to replace antibiotics in the past two decades and played an increasingly important role in livestock production. The present study was carried out to assess the feeding effects of a traditional nourishing Chinese herbal medicine mixture on kinetics of plasma glucose, protein and energy metabolism in sheep. Ruminal fermentation characteristics were also determined. Methods： Four sheep were fed on either mixed hay （MH-diet） or MH-diet supplemented with 2% of Chinese herbal medicine （mixture of Astragalus root, Angelica root and Atractylodes rhizome; CHM-diet） over two 3s-day periods using a crossover design. The turnover rate of plasma glucose was measured with an isotope dilution method using [U-^13C]glucose. The rates of plasma leucine turnover and leucine oxidation, whole body protein synthesis （WBPs） and metabolic heat production were measured using the [1-^13C]leucine dilution and open circuit calorimetry. Results： Body weight gain of sheep was higher （P = 0.03） for CHM-diet than for MH-diet. Rumen pH was lower （P = 0.02）, concentration of rumen total volatile fatty acid tended to be higher （P = 0.05） and acetate was higher （P = 0.04） for CHM-diet than for MH-diet. Turnover rates of plasma glucose and leucine did not differ between diets. Oxidation rate of leucine tended to be higher （P = 0.06） for CHM-diet than for MH-diet, but the WBPs did not differ between diets. Metabolic heat production tended to be greater （P = 0.05） for CHM-diet than for MH-diet. Conclusions： The sheep fed on CHM-diet had a higher body weight gain and showed positive impacts on rumen fermentation and energy metabolism without resulting in any adverse response. Therefore, these results suggested that the Chinese herbal medicine mixture should be considered as a potential feed additive for sheep.

关键词： Chinese herbal medicine Glucose metabolism Heat production Protein metabolism Ruminal fermentation characteristics sheep

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Cold Model study on Mg Desulfurization of Hot Metal Under Mechanical stirring

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Journal of Iron and steel Research International 2013年第12期20卷 1-6页

作者： LIU Yan ZHANG Zi-mu LIU Jian-nan ZHANG Jun-hua Masamichi sano ZHANG Jun Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Multi-metal Intergrown Ores of Ministry of Education School of Materials and MetallurgyNortheastern University Beijing Institute of Technology Dalian University of Technology Nagoya University

The new method of in-situ desulfurization with mechanical stirring of new type impellers was introduced, in which the bubble＇s dispersion and disintegration of magnesium vapor were the key to boosting the desulfurization efficiency and increasing the utilization rate of magnesium. Effects of different new type of impellers on bubble dis persion and disintegration were studied through bubble image analysis, gas-liquid mass transfer, and power con- sumption levels of different impeller structures. The results showed that the sloped swept-back blade impeller-2 pro- duces optimal bubble＇s dispersion and disintegration, as well as higher volumetric mass transfer coefficient and CO2 gas utilization while consuming the least power. Numerical simulation result with Fluent software also showed that the sloped swept-back blade impeller-2 has higher turbulent kinetic energy and better velocity distribution than the other two impellers.

关键词： gas injection refining eccentric mechanical stirring bubble disintegration bubble dispersion volumetric mass transfer coefficient Mg desulfurization hot metal

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原发灶不明的肿瘤

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英国医学杂志中文版 2021年第4期24卷 208-218页

作者： Michael s Lee Hanna K sano 李倩(译) 高伟健(译) 张宏艳(校) Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA 解放军总医院第五医学中心肿瘤学部

原发灶不明的肿瘤(CUP)是指经组织学确诊,但根据标准评估手段和影像学检查无法确定肿瘤原发部位的转移性恶性肿瘤。CUP占全球所有确诊肿瘤的2%~5%,以早期侵袭性转移为特征。目前CUP的标准评估需要组织病理学评估和低危亚群鉴别,该亚群... 详细信息

原发灶不明的肿瘤(CUP)是指经组织学确诊,但根据标准评估手段和影像学检查无法确定肿瘤原发部位的转移性恶性肿瘤。CUP占全球所有确诊肿瘤的2%~5%,以早期侵袭性转移为特征。目前CUP的标准评估需要组织病理学评估和低危亚群鉴别,该亚群患者可以进行更加精准的治疗或预后更好。当前对高危亚群的标准治疗需要评估预后并考虑经验性化疗。组织起源分子检测法用于鉴定可能的肿瘤原发灶已经得到广泛研究,在此我们对应用该检测方法评估CUP的合理性,以及支持和反对依据进行了综述。二代测序在晚期肿瘤的广泛应用为鉴别具有治疗可行性的基因突变患者提供了可能,而且有助于后续的个体化治疗。

关键词：原发灶不明晚期肿瘤组织学确诊个体化治疗肿瘤原发部位影像学检查组织起源组织病理学

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