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MOSFET-like CNFET based logic gate library for low-power application:a comparative study

Journal of Semiconductors 2014年第7期35卷 112-124页

作者： P.A.Gowri sankar K.Udhayakumar Department of Electrical Engineering Anna University

The next generation oflogic gate devices are expected to depend upon radically new technologies mainly due to the increasing difficulties and limitations of existing CMOS technology. MOSFET like CNFETs should ideally be the best devices to work with for high-performance VLS1. This paper presents results of a comprehensive comparative study of MOSFET-like carbon nanotube field effect transistors （CNFETs） technology based logic gate library for high-speed, low-power operation than conventional bulk CMOS libraries. It focuses on comparing four promising logic families namely： complementary-CMOS （C-CMOS）, transmission gate （TG）, complementary pass logic （CPL） and Domino logic （DL） styles are presented. Based on these logic styles, the proposed library of static and dynamic NAND-NOR logic gates, XOR, multiplexer and full adder functions are implemented efficiently and carefully analyzed with a test bench to measure propagation delay and power dissipation as a function of supply voltage. This analysis provides the right choice of logic style for low-power, high-speed applications. Proposed logic gates libraries are simulated using Synopsys HSPICE based on the standard 32 nm CNFET model. The simulation results demonstrate that, it is best to use C-CMOS logic style gates that are implemented in CNFET technology which are superior in performance compared to other logic styles, because of their low average powerdelay-product （PDP）. The analysis also demonstrates how the optimum supply voltage varies with logic styles in ultra-low power systems. The robustness of the proposed logic gate library is also compared with conventional and state-art of CMOS logic gate libraries.

关键词： CNFET digital integrated circuits logic gate design low-voltage low-power logic styles

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Search for periodicities of the solar irradiance data from the Earth Radiation Budget Satellite (ERBS) using the periodogram method

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2010年第4期10卷 348-354页

作者： sankar Narayan Patra Gautam Bhattacharya Koushik Ghosh Department of Applied Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering University Institute of Technologythe University of Burdwan Department of Physics University Institute of Technologythe University of Burdwan Department of Mathematics University Institute of Technologythe University of Burdwan

We have analyzed the solar irradiance data from the Earth Radiation Budget Satellite （ERBS） during the time period from 1984 October 15 to 2003 October *** first filtering the data by Simple Exponential Smoothing,we have applied the periodogram method to the processed data in order to search for its time *** study exhibits multi-periodicities on these data around 110,118,574 and 740d with very high confidence levels （more than 99%）.These periods are significantly similar to the periods of other solar activities which may suggest that solar irradiance may be associated with other solar activities.

关键词： Sun:activity - Sun:fundamental parameters

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Preyminary Investigations on the Global Summer Monsoonal Drought Mechanics and the Latitudinal Teleconnections

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 1990年第3期7卷 261-274页

作者： M.sankar-Rao Department of Aerospace Engineering & Centre for Atmospheric Sciences Indian Institute of Science Bangalore Indiahe question of possible teleconnections between the middle latitude general circulation and the Indian south-west monsoon was investigated in this paper. Within the framework of a simple model it was shown that there can exist such an interaction via the ultra-long Rossby waves.

The question of possible teleconnections between the middle latitude general circulation and the Indian south-west monsoon was investigated in this paper. Within the framework of a simple model it was shown that there... 详细信息

关键词： over Preyminary Investigations on the Global Summer Monsoonal Drought Mechanics and the Latitudinal Teleconnections

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Ammonium persulphate promoted synthesis of polyethylene glycol entrapped potassium tribromide and its application in acylation and bromination of some selective organic compounds

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2013年第10期24卷 866-868页

作者： Rupa Rani Dey Siddhartha sankar Dhar Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology

In this study, a new method of synthesis of polyethylene glycol supported potassium tribromide （PEG KBr3） and its application in acylation and bromination reactions are reported. Ammonium persulphate oxidizes I（Br to the corresponding tribromide which is entrapped by polyethylene glycol leading to stable PEG KBr3. The reagent is proved to be highly efficient for the acylation of variety of alcohols and bromination of activated aromatic substrates. The method is a mild, one pot reaction and involves no use of toxic reagents.

关键词： Potassium bromide Polyethylene glycol (PEG) Ammonium per sulphate Acylation Bromination

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Persuasive factors on the bioink printability and cell viability in the extrusion-based 3D bioprinting for tissue regeneration applications

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Engineered Regeneration 2023年第4期4卷 396-410页

作者： Devara Venkata Krishna Mamilla Ravi sankar Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyTirupatiAndhra Pradesh 517619India

The extrusion-based bioprinting(EBBP)applications in the medical field tremendously increase due to its ver-satility in fabricating intricate geometry components with reasonable accuracy and *** bioink and its properties for an EBBP process are crucial in manufacturing parts with significant biocompatibility and *** EBBP demands optimized parameters for obtaining good printability and cell viability.A better understanding of the various process parameters is essential for the researcher to optimize the mechanical and biological properties of the printed *** biological,mechanical,and rheological parameters all together need to be evaluated to enhance the printability of *** article concisely delineates the effect of the rheological and physiochemical parameters on the biological and mechanical properties of the printed *** printing parameters and nozzle geometry,which considerably influence the printability,and shape fidelity of the bioprinted scaffolds are exemplified in ***,the challenges and future aspects of enhancing printability are discussed succinctly.

关键词： Bioprinting Printability Hydrogels Crosslinking

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α-Fe2O3 immobilized benzimidazolium tribromide as novel magnetically retrievable catalyst for one-pot synthesis of highly functionalized piperidines

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2016年第11期27卷 1725-1730页

作者： Bappi Paul Sethumathavan Vadivel Siddhartha sankar Dhar Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Silchar Silchar-788010 Assam India Department of Chemistry PSC College of Technology Peelamedu Coimbatore-641004 Tamilnadu India

Nanostructured ot-Fe2O3 were prepared by precipitation followed by calcination method. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CRAB） was used as surfactant. The nano α-Fe2O3 was then silanized with （3-chloropropyl）-triethoxysilane （CPTES） by room temperature mixing ofα-Fe2O3 and CPTES to produce silane coated ct-Fe2O3 （CIPr-Si@Fe2O3）. As-synthesized CIPr-Si@Fe2O3 was functionalized via covalent grafting of benzimidazole to produce 3-（1-benzimidazole）Pr-Si@Fe2O3. This was further reacted with bromine to afford α-Fe2O3 immobilized benzimidazolium tribromide （α-Fe2O3-BIM tribromide）. This ionic liquid （IL） α-Fe2O3 BIM tribromide was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TEM, SEM, TGA, VSM, EDX and BET analysis. The as-synthesized IL tribromide was used as catalyst for one-pot synthesis of highly substituted piperidines. The method is greener in terms of solvent selection, recovery of the catalyst and efficiency.

关键词： Nano α-Fe2O3 Covalent grafting Ionic liquid Multicomponent reaction

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A Novel Convolutional Neural Networks Based Spinach Classification and Recognition System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 343-361页

作者： sankar Sennan Digvijay Pandey Youseef Alotaibi Saleh Alghamdi Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sona College of TechnologySalem636005India Department of Technical Education Department of Electronics EngineeringInstitute of Engineering and TechnologyDr.A.P.J.Abdul Kalam Technical UniversityLucknowIndia Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SystemsUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

In the present scenario,Deep Learning(DL)is one of the most popular research algorithms to increase the accuracy of data *** to intra-class differences and inter-class variation,image classification is one of the most difficult jobs in image *** or spinach recognition or classification is one of the deep learning applications through its *** is more critical for human skin,bone,and hair,*** provides vitamins,iron,minerals,and *** is beneficial for diet and is readily available in people’s *** researchers have proposed various machine learning and deep learning algorithms to classify plant images more accurately in recent *** paper presents a novel Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)to recognize spinach more *** proposed CNN architecture classifies the spinach category,namely Amaranth leaves,Black nightshade,Curry leaves,and Drumstick *** dataset contains 400 images with four classes,and each type has 100 *** images were captured from the agricultural land located at Thirumanur,Salem district,Tamil *** proposed CNN achieves 97.5%classification *** addition,the performance of the proposed CNN is compared with Support Vector Machine(SVM),Random Forest,Visual Geometry Group 16(VGG16),Visual Geometry Group 19(VGG19)and Residual Network 50(ResNet50).The proposed provides superior performance than other models,namely SVM,Random Forest,VGG16,VGG19 and ResNet50.

关键词： Accuracy convolutional deep learning plant neural networks spinach

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Effect of E × B electron drift and plasma discharge in dc magnetron sputtering plasma

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Chinese Physics B 2011年第1期20卷 435-443页

作者： sankar Moni Borah Arup Ratan Pal Heremba Bailung Joyanti Chutia Plasma Physics Laboratory Material Sciences DivisionInstitute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyPaschim BoragaonGuwahati - 781035AssamIndia

Study of electron drift velocity caused by E ×B motion is done with the help of a Mach probe in a dc cylindrical magnetron sputtering system at different plasma discharge parameters like discharge voltage, gas pressure and applied magnetic field strength. The interplay of the electron drift with the different discharge parameters has been investi- gated. Strong radial variation of the electron drift velocity is observed and is found to be maximum near the cathode and it decreases slowly with the increase of radial distance from the cathode. The sheath electric field, E measured experimentally from potential profile curve using an emissive probe is contributed to the observed radial variation of the electron drift velocity. The measured values of the drift velocities are also compared with the values from the con- ventionM theory using the experimental values of electric and magnetic fields. This study of the drift velocity variation is helpful in providing a useful insight for determining the discharge conditions and parameters for sputter deposition of thin film.

关键词： electron drift velocity Mach probe cylindrical magnetron sputtering

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Environmental life cycle assessment of Indian coal-fired power plants

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2016年第2期3卷 215-225页

作者： Udayan Singh Naushita Sharma Siba sankar Mahapatra Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute ofTechnology Rourkela Rourkela India

Coal is the backbone of the Indian power sector. The coal-fired power plants remain the largest emitters of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and substantial amounts of nitrogen oxides, which are associated with climate and health impacts. Various CO2 mitigation technologies （carbon capture and storage--CCS） and SO2/NOx mitigation technologies （flue gas desulfurization and selective catalytic reduction） have been employed to reduce the environmental impacts of the coal-fired power plants. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the feasibility of various mitigation technologies employed. This paper attempts to perform environmental life cycle assessment （LCA） of Indian coal-fired power plant with and without CO2, SO2 and NOx mitigation controls. The study develops new normalization factors for India in various damage categories, using the Indian emissions and energy consumption data, coupled with the emissions and particulate emission to come up with a final environmental impact of coal-fired electricity. The results show a large degree of dependence on the perspective of assessment used. The impact of sensitivities of individual substances and the effect of plant efficiency on the final LCA results is also studied.

关键词： Lifeinventory Fluecycle assessment Coal-fired power plants - Carbon capture and storage Environmental impact Plantgas desulfurization

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Preparation and Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2011年第4期2卷 472-475页

作者： Ratan das Sneha Gang Siddhartha sankar Nath 不详

Uniform silver nanoparticles have been prepared through the chemical reduction of silver ions by ethanol in presence of sodium linoleate. TEM micrograph shows a uniform distribution of the particles with an average size of 12 nm. Further, the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles shows that these nanoparticles can be used as effective growth inhibitors against Staphylococcus Basillus, Staphylloccoccus Aureus, and Pseudimonas Aureginosa.

关键词： Linoleic Acid Absorption Band Colloid Antimicrobial Microorganisms

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