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Persistence of Healthcare-Associated (Nosocomial) Infections Due to Inadequate Hand Hygiene: Part 1—Biological and Treatment Factors

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2018年第8期9卷 293-309页

作者： Robert B. Raffa Joseph V. Pergolizzi Robert Taylor sanjib choudhuri Robert Rodenbeck University of Arizona College of Pharmacy Tucson AZ USA Professor Emeritus Temple University School of Pharmacy Philadelphia PA USA Neumentum Inc. Palo Alto CA USA NEMA Research Inc. Naples FL USA Delta Faucet Co. Indianapolis IN USA

The most frequent adverse event in the healthcare delivery system is acquisition of an infection within a healthcare facility. Since infection control measures are known, simple, and low-cost, we examine why the problem of healthcare-associated infections persists. Hundreds of millions of patients each year are affected by a healthcare-associated infection, with negative medical outcome and financial cost. It is a major public health problem even in countries with advanced healthcare systems. This is a bit perplexing, given that hygienic practices have been known and actively promoted. The objective is to address the question: doesn’t the use of disinfection, sterilization, handwashing, and alcohol rubs prevent the spread of pathogenic organisms? We conclude that the persistent high prevalence of nosocomial infections despite known hygienic practices is attributable to two categories of factors: biological and inherent shortcomings of some practices (considered in Part 1), and human factors (considered in Part 2). A new approach is presented in Part 3.

关键词： Infection Nosocomial Hospital Healthcare-Associated Hygiene Handwashing

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