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Biocompatibility and electrochemical evaluation of ZrO_(2) thin films deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering on MgZnCa alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第6期9卷 2019-2038页

作者： Benjamín Millán-Ramos Daniela Morquecho-Marín Phaedra Silva-Bermudez David Ramírez-Ortega Osmary Depablos-Rivera Julieta García-lópez Mariana Fernández-lizárraga JoséVictoria-Hernández Dietmar letzig Argelia Almaguer-Flores sandra E.Rodil Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCDMX 04510Mexico Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCDMX 04510Mexico Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos Terapia Celular y Medicina RegenerativaInstituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo IbarraCDMX 14389Mexico Posgrado en Ciencias Médicas Odontológicas y de la SaludUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCDMX 04510Mexico Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnologia Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCDMX 04510Mexico Posgrado de Doctorado en Ciencias en Biomedicina y Biotecnología Molecular Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalCDMX 11340Mexico Institute of Material and Process Design Helmholtz-Zentrum GeesthachtMax-Planck-Strasse 1Geesthacht 21502Germany Magnesium Innovation Centre MagIC Helmholtz-Zentrum GeesthachtMax-Planck-Strasse 1Geesthacht 21502Germany laboratorio de Biointerfases Facultad de OdontologíaDivisión de Estudios de Posgrado e InvestigaciónUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCDMX 04510Mexico

Biodegradable magnesium alloys are promising candidates for temporary fracture fixation devices in orthopedics;nevertheless,its fast degradation rate at the initial stage after implantation remains as one of the main challenges to be ***_(2)-based coatings to reduce the degradation rate of the Mg-implants are an attractive solution since they show high biocompatibility and *** this work,the degradation,cytotoxicity,and antibacterial performance of ZrO_(2)thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering on a Mg-Zn-Ca alloy was ***-term degradation of ZrO_(2)-coated and uncoated samples was assessed considering electrochemical techniques and H_(2)evolution(gas chromatography).Additionally,long term degradation was assessed by mass-loss *** results showed that a 380 nm ZrO_(2)coating reduces the degradation rate and H_(2)evolution of the alloy during the initial 3 days after immersion but allows the degradation of the bare alloy for the *** ZrO_(2)coating does not compromise the biocompatibility of the alloy and permits better cell adhesion and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells directly on its surface,in comparison to the bare ***,the ZrO_(2)coating prevents the adhesion and biofilm formation of ***.

关键词： Zirconium dioxide Magnetron sputtering Short-term degradation H_(2)evolution

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Pork Meat Quality of Preto Alentejano and Commercial largewhite landrace Cross

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第11期12卷 1961-1971页

作者： Alfredo Teixeira sandra Rodrigues Veterinary and Animal Reserch Centre (CECAV) Agrarian School of Polytechnic Institute of BraganaCampus Sta Apolónia Apt.1172Bragan a 5301-855Portugal Mountain Research Centre(CIMO) Agrarian School of Polytechnic Institute of BraganaCampus Sta Apolónia Apt.1172Bragan a 5301-855Portugal

This work aimed to evaluate the physical-chemical characteristics of pork from a local breed （Portuguese black pork called Preto Alentejano） and a commercial breed. Sixteen animals were used, 4 females and 4 males from each breed. Animals had 80-100 kg of live weight. The longissimus muscle between the 5th thoracic vertebra and the 10th lumbar vertebra was used in the analysis. Samples were analysed for protein, fat, pigments, ashes, dry mater, water-holding capacity, and texture. Results of fat and pigments contents indicate signiifcant （P〈0.05 and P〈0.01） differences for all treatments. For protein, ashes, dry mater, water-holding capacity and texture, no signiifcant differences were found for sex. In the analysis of fatty acids composition, ten were detected, being the main ones C16：0, C18：0, C16：1, C18：1, C18：2. There was a predominance of monounsaturated fatty acids （MUFA）, followed by saturated （SFA） and polyunsaturated （PUFA）. Differences were signiifcant for sex （P〈0.01） and breed （P〈0.01）. Preto Alentejano breed and females presented the higher percentages of SFA （P〈0.01） and MUFA （P〈0.001） fatty acids. Differences between breeds might be due to breed production system and feed differences.

关键词： breed sex pork meat quality

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A comparative study of the morphometry of sperm head components in cattle, sheep, and pigs with a computer-assisted fluorescence method

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第6期18卷 840-843页

作者： Jesus l Yaniz Sara Capistros sandra Vicente-Fiel Carlos O Hidalgo Pilar Santolaria TECNOGAM research group Environmental Sciences Institute (IUCA) Department of Animal Production and Food Sciences University of Zaragoza Huesca Spain Animal Genetics and Reproduction Area Regional Agrifood Research and Development Service (SERIDA) 33394 Deva Gijan Spain

The aim of this study was to compare the sperm nuclear and acrosomal morphometry of three species of domestic artiodactyls; cattle （Bos taurus）, sheep （Ovis aries）, and pigs （Sus scrofa）. Semen smears of twenty ejaculates from each species were fixed and labeled with a propidium iodide-Pisum sativum agglutinin （PI/PSA） combination. Digital images of the sperm nucleus, acrosome, and whole sperm head were captured and analyzed. The use of the PI/PSA combination and CASA-Morph fluorescence-based method allowed the capture, morphometric analysis, and differentiation of most sperm nuclei, acrosomes and whole heads, and the assessment of acrosomal integrity with a high precision in the three species studied. For the size of the head and nuclear area, the relationship between the three species may be summarized as bull 〉 ram 〉 boar. However, for the other morphometric parameters （length, width, and perimeter）, there were differences in the relationships between species for sperm nuclei and whole sperm heads. Bull sperm acrosomes were clearly smaller than those in the other species studied and covered a smaller proportion of the sperm head. The acrosomal morphology, small in the bull, large and broad in the sheep, and large, long, and with a pronounced equatorial segment curve in the boar, was species-characteristic. It was concluded that there are clear variations in the size and shape of the sperm head components between the three species studied, the acrosome being the structure showing the most variability, allowing a clear distinction of the spermatozoa of each species.

关键词： artiodactyls computer-assisted sperm morphometry analysis fluorescence microscopy image analysis sperm morphometry

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Hyper-chaos encryption using convolutional masking and model free unmasking

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第5期23卷 161-166页

作者：齐国元 sandra Bazebo Matondo Department of Electrical Engineerin Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria

In this paper, during the masking process the encrypted message is convolved and embedded into a Qi hyper-chaotic system characterizing a high disorder degree. The masking scheme was tested using both Qi hyper-chaos and lorenz chaos and indicated that Qi hyper-chaos based masking can resist attacks of the filtering and power spectrum analysis, while the lorenz based scheme fails for high amplitude data. To unmask the message at the receiving end, two methods are proposed. In the first method, a model-free synchronizer, i.e. a multivariable higher-order differential feedback controller between the transmitter and receiver is employed to de-convolve the message embedded in the receiving signal. In the second method, no synchronization is required since the message is de-convolved using the information of the estimated derivative.

关键词： Qi hyper-chaos masking high-order differentiator chaos-based encryption

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Compaction analysis and optimisation of convex-faced pharmaceutical tablets using numerical techniques

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Particuology 2019年第6期17卷 10-21页

作者： Ahmad Baroutaji sandra lenihan Keith Bryan School of Engineering Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of WolverhamptonTelfordUK School of Mechanical Electrical and Process EngineeringCork Institute of TechnologyCorkIreland

Capping failure,edge chipping,and non-uniform mechanical properties of convex-faced pharmaceutical tablets are common problems in the pharma *** this paper,the finite element method(FEM)and design of experiment techniques are used to determine the optimal shape of convex-faced(CF)pharmaceutical tablet which has more uniform mechanical properties and less capping and chipping *** effects of different geometrical parameters and friction on the compaction responses of convex-faced pharmaceutical tablets were first identified and *** FEM model of the tabletting process was generated using the implicit code ABAQUS and validated against experimental *** surface methodology was used to establish the relationship between the design variables,represented by the geometrical parameters and friction coefficient,and compaction responses of interest including residual die pressure,relative density variation within a tablet,and relative shear stress at the edge of a tablet.A statistical-based optimisation approach was then used to optimise the shape of CF *** obtained results demonstrated how the geometrical parameters and friction coefficient of CF pharmaceutical tablets strongly affect their compaction behaviour and quality.

关键词： Capping failure Edge chipping Tabletting FEM Optimisation Residual radial pressure

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An overview of the phylogeny and diversity of eukaryotes

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植物分类学报 2008年第3期46卷 263-273页

作者： sandra l. BAlDAUF Department of Evolution Genomics and Systematics Evolutionary Biology Centre University of Uppsala Norbyvaigen 18 D Uppsala 75236 Sweden

Our understanding of eukaryote biology is dominated by the study of land plants, animals and fungi. However, these are only three isolated fragments of the full diversity of extant eukaryotes. The majority of eu-karyotes, in terms of major taxa and probably also sheer numbers of cells, consists of exclusively or predomi-nantly unicellular lineages. A surprising number of these lineages are poorly characterized. Nonetheless, they are fundamental to our understanding of eukaryote biology and the underlying forces that shaped it. This article consists of an overview of the current state of our understanding of the eukaryote tree. This includes the identity of the major groups of eukaryotes, some of their important, defining or simply interesting features and the pro-posed relationships of these groups to each other.

关键词：真核生物多样性系统演化真菌

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Accuracy Analysis for Explicit-Implicit Finite Volume Schemes on Cut Cell Meshes

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第4期6卷 2239-2264页

作者： sandra May Fabian laakmann Department of Information Technology Uppsala UniversityBox 33775105UppsalaSweden Mathematical Institute University of OxfordOX26GGOxfordUK

The solution of time-dependent hyperbolic conservation laws on cut cell meshes causes the small cell problem:standard schemes are not stable on the arbitrarily small cut cells if an explicit time stepping scheme is used and the time step size is chosen based on the size of the background *** May and Berger(J Sci Comput 71:919–943,2017),the mixed explicit-implicit approach in general and MUSCl-Trap(monotonic upwind scheme for conservation laws and trapezoidal scheme)in particular have been introduced to solve this problem by using implicit time stepping on the cut *** and numerical results have indicated that this might lead to a loss in accuracy when switching between the explicit and implicit time *** this contribution,we examine this in more detail and will prove in one dimension that the specific combination MUSCl-Trap of an explicit second-order and an implicit second-order scheme results in a fully second-order mixed *** this result is unlikely to hold in two dimensions,we also introduce two new versions of mixed explicit-implicit schemes based on exchanging the explicit *** present numerical tests in two dimensions where we compare the new versions with the original MUSCl-Trap scheme.

关键词： Cartesian cut cell method Finite volume scheme Embedded boundary grid Mixed explicit-implicit Truncation error Error accumulation

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Measurements of laminar Burning Velocities of Alternative Fuels:Application in Transport and Aerospace

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第2期32卷 503-512页

作者： RICHTER sandra BRAUN-UNKHOFF Marina NAUMANN Clemens German Aerospace Center(DlR) Institute of Combustion TechnologyDepartment of Chemical Kinetics and AnalyticsStuttgart 70569Germany

The laminar burning velocity belongs to the fundamental combustion properties of fuels being a measure for their heat release,flame length,as well as reactivity and combustion stability,and thus,may impact the design of burners and combustion ***,these experimental data are needed for the validation and optimization within the construction and development of detailed chemical kinetic reaction *** this study,an overview of the different applications of fuel characterization regarding the specific area of interest(road transport,aviation,and aerospace)will be *** on the application,effects of different molecular characteristics on the laminar burning velocity are evaluated:the presence of oxygen atoms and the grade of branching in a specific fuel molecule as well as the difference in the type of a chemical bond,here,single and double *** of alternative fuels being discussed in the present study are:(Ⅰ)oxymethylene ether(OMEn)in the field of road transport;(Ⅱ)a paraffinic Alcohol-to-Jet fuel as sustainable aviation fuel;and(Ⅲ)mixtures of ethane or ethene with nitrous oxide as green propellants for rocket propulsion applications.

关键词： laminar burning velocity alternative sustainable fuels road transport aviation fuels green propellants

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Fruit availability, frugivore satiation and seed removal in 2 primate-dispersed tree species

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第3期6卷 178-194页

作者： sandra RATIARISON Pierre-Michel FORGET Department of Ecology and Management of Biodiversity Museum of Natural History Museum(MNHN)BrunoyFrance and oological Society of london LibrevilleGabon

During a mast-fruiting event we investigated spatial variability in fruit availability,consumption,and seed removal at two sympatric tree species,Manilkara bidentata and ***(Sapotaceae)at Nouragues Natural Reserve,French *** addressed the question of how Manilkara density and fruits at the community level might be major causes of variability in feeding assemblages between tree *** thus explored how the frugivore assemblages differed between forest patches with contrasting relative Manilkara density and fruiting *** the daytime,Alouatta seniculus was more often observed in *** crowns at Petit Plateau(PP)with the greatest density of Manilkara *** the lowest fruit diversity and availability,whereas Cebus apella and Saguinus midas were more often observed in *** crowns at both Grand Plateau(GP),with a lowest density of *** and overall greater fruit supply,and ***,nearly 53%and 15%of the *** seed crop at GP and PP,respectively,and about 47%of the *** seed crop were removed,otherwise either spit out or defecated beneath trees,or dropped in ***-bodied primates concentrated fallen seeds beneath parent trees while large-bodied primate species removed and dispersed more seeds away from ***,among the latter,satiated *** wasted seeds under conspecific trees at *** in feeding assemblages,seed removal rates and fates possibly reflected interactions with extra-generic fruit species at the community level,according to feeding choice,habitat preferences and ranging patterns of primate species.

关键词： frugivores masting primates satiation seed dispersal

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Catastrophic climate change and the collapse of human societies

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National Science Review 2023年第6期10卷 52-54页

作者： Josep Pe?uelas sandra Nogué CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

The scientific community has focused the agenda of studies of climate change on lower-end warming and simple risk analyses,because more realistic complex assessments of risk are more difficult,the benchmark of the international targets is the Paris Agreement goal of limiting warming to lture of climate science is to try to avoid alarmism[1].Current fires,prolonged droughts,floods and heat waves,together with the consequent food insecurity,civil unrest and migrations,however,are opening the eyes not only of most scientists but also of most people all over the world to the need for considering,at least,the potential catastrophic effects of the collapse of ecosystems and society due to the current emergency of climate change.

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