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Root proliferation in native perennial grasses of arid Patagonia,Argentina

Journal of Arid Land 2014年第2期6卷 195-204页

作者： Yanina A TORReS Carlos A BUSSO Oscar A MONTeNeGRO Leticia ITHURRART Hugo D GIORGeTT Gustavo RODRíGUeZ Diego BeNTIVeGNA Roberto e BReVeDAN Osvaldo A FeRNáNDeZ María M MUJICA sandra S BAIONI José eNTíO María N FIOReTTI Guillermo TUCAT Agronomy Department National University of the South and CERZOS (CONICET) experimental Farm eeA INTA Patagones Ministery of Agrarian Issues Faculty of Agrarian Sciences National University of La Plata

Pappophorum vaginatum is the most abundant C4 perennial grass desirable to livestock in rangelands of northeastern Patagonia, Argentina. We hypothesized that （1） defoliation reduce net primary productivity, and root length density and weight in the native species, and （2） root net primary productivity, and root length density and weight, are greater in P. vaginatum than in the other, less desirable, native species （i.e., Aristida spegazzinfi, A. subulata and Sporobolus cryptandrus）. Plants of all species were either exposed or not to a severe defoliation twice a year during two growing seasons. Root proliferation was measured using the cylinder method. Cylindrical, iron structures, wrapped up using nylon mesh, were buried diagonally from the periphery to the center on individual plants. These structures, initially filled with soil without any organic residue, were dug up from the soil on 25 April 2008, after two successive defoliations in mid-spring 2007. During the second growing season （2008-2009）, cylinders were destructively harvested on 4 April 2009, after one or two defoliations in mid- and/or late-spring, respectively. Roots grown into the cylinders were obtained after washing the soil manually. Defoliation during two successive years did reduce the study variables only after plants of all species were defoliated twice, which supported the first hypothesis. The greater root net primary productivity, root length den- sity and weight in P. vaginatum than in the other native species, in support of the second hypothesis, could help to explain its greater abundance in rangelands of Argentina.

关键词： Aristida species competitive ability Pappophorum vaginatum Sporobolus cryptandrus warm-season perennial grasses

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微生物与矿物建筑材料的相互作用(英文)

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硅酸盐学报 2014年第5期42卷 563-567页

作者： Nele De BeLIe WANG Jianyun Willem De MUYNCK sandra MANSO BLANCO Ignacio SeGURO PeReZ Magnel Laboratory for Concrete Research Ghent University Belgium Laboratory of Microbial ecology and Technology Ghent University Belgium Departamento de Ingenieria de la Construccion Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya Campus Nord Spain

综合介绍了比利时根特大学Magnel实验室与其他合作单位关于微生物与建筑材料（混凝土和石材）之间相互作用的研究概况。第一个研究课题是生物硫酸腐蚀，主要研究混凝土下水道系统和储肥设施的侵蚀。整个过程可用纯化学或微生物侵蚀实验... 详细信息

综合介绍了比利时根特大学Magnel实验室与其他合作单位关于微生物与建筑材料（混凝土和石材）之间相互作用的研究概况。第一个研究课题是生物硫酸腐蚀，主要研究混凝土下水道系统和储肥设施的侵蚀。整个过程可用纯化学或微生物侵蚀实验来模拟。利用化学硫酸实验来模拟侵蚀过程的缺点是忽视了混凝土本身的杀菌效果。微生物实验结果表明使用具有高度中和能力的材料可限制生物腐蚀的发生。因此，生物硫酸侵蚀模型中不但需要考虑耐久性（如孔隙率），也需要把混凝土碱性列为参数之一。第二个研究课题是细菌在胶结固化和混凝土自修复中的应用。细菌诱导产生的碳酸钙用于水泥基材料和石灰石的表面防护。研究表明：沉积在表面的生物碳酸钙可有效降低混凝土吸水率、碳化和氯离子侵蚀；还能提高混凝土抗冻融性能。多孔石灰石表面固化深度可达到30mm甚至更多，固结区的强度可增加300％。与此同时，微生物碳酸钙也被应用于混凝土裂缝自修复。细菌先被固载于硅藻土或微胶囊内，然后加入到混凝土中与其一起搅拌。结果显示：加有硅藻土固载的细菌的砂浆试块上0．15～O．17mitt宽的裂缝可在40d内被细菌诱导产生的碳酸钙完全修复；而加有微胶囊固载的细菌的试块上1rnm宽的裂缝可以在3周内自修复完毕。微生物在混凝土中的另一个应用是创造绿色生态混凝土墙壁。这种混凝土墙壁经过特殊设计获得特定的微观结构和生物兼容性，从而可充当生物生长的基体。为了适于生物生长，使用低pH值的磷酸镁水泥混凝土和碳化水泥混凝土，并对其他影响生物兼容性的因素如混凝土孔隙率、表面粗糙度等进行了优化研究。

关键词：生物侵蚀生物固化碳酸钙沉淀自修复生态墙壁

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Methylation changes at the GNAS imprinted locus in pancreatic cystic neoplasms are important for the diagnosis of malignant cysts

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2020年第9期12卷 1056-1064页

作者： sandra Faias Marlene Duarte Luísa Pereira Paula Chaves Marília Cravo Antonio Dias Pereira Cristina Albuquerque Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco GentilEPELisboa 1099-023Portugal Faculty of Health Sciences University of Beira InteriorCovilhã6200-506Portugal Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular(UIPM) Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco GentilEPELisboa 1099-023Portugal Centro de Matemática e Aplicações(CMA-UBI) Universidade da Beira InteriorCovilhã6200-506Portugal Department of Pathology Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco GentilEPELisboa 1099-023Portugal Department of Gastroenterology Hospital BeatrizÂngeloLoures 2674-514Portugal

BACKGROUND Guanine nucleotide-binding protein,alpha stimulating(GNAS)mutations are characteristic of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms(IPMNs).Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas(PDACs)harboring GNAS mutations originate in *** is a complex imprinted locus that produces five transcripts regulated by differential methylated regions,NeSP55,GNASAS,GNASXL,GNAS1A,and *** To evaluate if methylation changes in the differential methylated regions of GNAS locus contributed to malignant progression of pancreatic *** GNAS locus methylation was analyzed in archival pancreatic cyst fluid(PCF)obtained by endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle aspiration by methylation specific–multiplex ligation dependent probe *** were normalized and analyzed using *** *** Fifty-two PCF samples obtained by endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle aspiration and previously characterized for KRAS and GNAS mutations were *** final diagnoses were surgical(11)and clinicopathological(41),including 30 benign cysts,14 pre-malignant cyst,and eight malignant *** changes at NeSP55,GNASAS,GNAS1A,and especially GNASXL were more frequent in malignant cysts,and NeSP55 and GNASAS were useful for diagnosis.A combined variable defined as“GNAS locus methylation changes”was significantly associated with malignancy(6/8 malignant cysts and only 2/20 benign cysts)and improved *** in both maternally(NeSP55)and paternally(GNASXL)derived promoters was found in 3/3 *** This is the first study to identify methylation changes in the GNAS locus,improving the diagnosis of malignant pancreatic cysts and suggesting a role in progression to PDAC.

关键词： Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms Pancreas cyst Methylation Biomarker GNAS locus Pancreatic neoplasm

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Dietary mitigation of enteric methane emissions from ruminants:A review of plant tannin mitigation options

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第3期6卷 231-246页

作者： Byeng R.Min sandra Solaiman Heidi M.Waldrip David Parker Richard W.Todd David Brauer United States Department of Agriculture(USDA) Agricultural Research Service(ARS)BushlandTX79012USA Tuskegee University TuskegeeAL36088USA

Methane gas from livestock production activities is a significant source of greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions which have been shown to influence climate *** technologies offer a potential to manipulate the rumen biome through genetic selection reducing CH4 *** production may also be mitigated to varying degrees by various dietary intervention *** to reduce GHG emissions need to be developed which increase ruminant production efficiency whereas reducing production of CH4 from cattle,sheep,and *** emissions may be efficiently mitigated by manipulation of natural ruminal microbiota with various dietary interventions and animal production efficiency *** some CH4 abatement strategies have shown efficacy in vivo,more research is required to make any of these approaches pertinent to modern animal production *** objective of this review is to explain how anti-methanogenic compounds(e.g.,plant tannins)affect ruminal microbiota,reduce CH4 emission,and the effects on host ***,this review provides information relevant to understanding the impact of tannins on methanogenesis,which may provide a cost-effective means to reduce enteric CH4 production and the influence of ruminant animals on global GHG emissions.

关键词： Feed efficiency Greenhouse gas(GHG)emission Methanogenesis Tannin Ruminant

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Morphometrics confirms the conspecific between Blaptica dubia(Serville) and B. interior Hebard(Blattodea:Blaberidae)

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Zoological Systematics 2019年第2期44卷 111-122页

作者： María Marta González Alejandra del Carmen Valverde Mónica sandra Iglesias Francisco Antonio Crespo Laboratorio de Artrópodos Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Pabellón Ⅱ Ciudad Universitaria Centro de diagnóstico e investigación en endemo-epidemias. Administración nacional de laboratorios e institutos de salud "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán"

Blaptica dubia(Serville, 1838) and B. interior Hebard, 1921 were considered to be cryptic species. The characteristics originally proposed for their identification are not *** the relationship between the two species should be re-considered. As a comparative approach and to analyze intraspecific variability, morphological and morphometric methods were performed. Traditional and new characters such as wing shape and pronotum contour were utilized. We found significant differences between both species(p e shape of the wing, but there was an overlap of values. We did not find differences in the body measurements or in the shape and size of the pronotum between the species. The variability gradient does not allow an accurate identification of species neither with the male genitalia or the pronotal *** on the obtained results, B. interior Hebard 1921 is considered to be a junior synonym of B. dubia(Serville, 1838).

关键词： Cockroaches pronotum genitalia geometric morphometric analysis synonymy

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Phf15-a novel transcriptional repressor regulating inflammation in a mouse microglial cell line

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Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation 2020年第2期7卷 166-182页

作者： sandra e.Muroy Greg A.Timblin Marcela K.Preininger Paulina Cedillo Kaoru Saijo Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Aim: excessive microglial inflammation has emerged as a key player in mediating the effects of aging and neurodegeneration on brain dysfunction. Thus, there is great interest in discovering transcriptional repressors that can control this process. We aimed to examine whether Phf15 - one of the top differentially expressed genes in microglia during aging in humans - could regulate transcription of proinflammatory mediators in microglia. Methods: Real-time quantitative PCR was used to assess Phf15 mRNA expression in mouse brain during aging. Loss-of-function [short hairpin RNA (shRNA) -mediated knockdown (KD) and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout (KO) of Phf15] and gain-of-function [retroviral overexpression (Oe) of murine Phf15 cDNA] studies in a murine microglial cell line (SIM-A9) followed by immune activation with lipopolysaccharide were used to determine the effect of Phf15 on proinflammatory factor (Tnfα , IL-1β , and Nos2) mRNA expression. RNA sequencing was used to determine global transcriptional changes afterPhf15 knockout under basal conditions and after lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Results:Phf15 expression increases in mouse brain during aging, similar to humans. KD, KO, and Oe studies determined that Phf15 represses mRNA expression levels of proinflammatory mediators such as Tnfα , IL-1β , and Nos2 . Global transcriptional changes after Phf15 KO showed that Phf15 specifically represses genes related to the antiviral (type I interferon) response and cytokine production in microglia. Conclusion: We provide the first evidence thatPhf15 is an important transcriptional repressor of microglial inflammation, regulating the antiviral response and proinflammatory cytokine production. Importantly, Phf15 regulates both basal and signal-dependent activation and controls the magnitude and duration of the microglial inflammatory response.

关键词： Phf15 microglia transcriptional repression neuroinflammation

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effect of Breed and Sex on Pork Meat Sensory evaluation

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第7期5卷 599-605页

作者： sandra Rodrigues Alfredo Teixeira Mountain Research Centre(CIMO) Agrarian School of Polytechnic Institute of BragancaBragancaPortugal Veterinary and Animal Research Centre(CeCAV)of University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Vila RealPortugal

This work had an objective to evaluate the sensory quality of two categories of pork meat from a commercial pork meat and a selected meat from the Portuguese black pork (Preto Alentejano breed). Sixteen animals were used, 8 females and 8 males from each breed. Animals had 80 - 100 kg of live weight. The longissimus muscle between the 5th thoracic vertebra and the 10th lumbar vertebra was used in the analysis. Sensory analysis was performed by a trained taste panel of 10 elements, in 5 sessions. All evaluation conditions were standardized, and the attributes studied were odor intensity, toughness, juiciness and flavor intensity. The taste panel found differences mainly between breeds. The panellists scored Preto Alentejano meat as being juicier, tenderer, and with richer taste than Commercial meat. The higher juiciness score of Preto Alentejano meat was probably attributable to the higher intramuscular fat content compared with Commercial meat. The Commercial pork was characterized mainly by high toughness.

关键词： Pork Meat Sensory evaluation Generalized Procrustes Analysis

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New Reports of Spiders in Three Mexican Ant-Acacias

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Open Journal of ecology 2021年第1期11卷 32-40页

作者： sandra Luz Gómez-Acevedo Unidad de Morfología y Función Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México City México

The richness of spider species on the foliage of Mexican ant-acacias in Los Tuxtlas (Veracruz), and Santiago Pinotepa Nacional (Oaxaca) was documented. A total of 11 species, grouped into five families were found;in Los Tuxtlas five species representing two families were identified, whereas in Santiago Pinotepa Nacional, the number of taxa was eight, belonging to five families. The richness of spiders in Santiago Pinotepa Nacional was higher than that found in Los Tuxtlas. In both locations em>Nephila clavipesem> Linnaeus and em>eustala illicitaem> O. Pickard-Cambridge, both from Araneidae, were found;these species had been previously reported as common inhabitants of Central American ant-acacias. The presence of em>e. illicitaem> in Mexican myrmecophytic acacias was confirmed. A total of 10 species grouped into five families are reported for the first time inhabiting Mexican ant-acacias, increasing the richness of spider interactions documented in Mexico. This study showed that the occurrence of spiders in the em>Vachellia-Pseudomyrmexem> mutualism system has been overlooked and is likely more common than what has been reported until now. This opens an opportunity for the study of the evolution of spider-ant-plant interactions.

关键词： Myrmecophily Mutualism Plant-Animal Interaction

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The RXTe/PCA 35-Day X-Ray Lightcurve of Hercules X-1

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第3期13卷 172-194页

作者： Denis Leahy sandra Gonzalez enriquez Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Calgary Calgary Canada Division de Ciencias e Ingenierias Universidad de Guanajuato Guanajuato Mexico

The archival Rossi X-ray Timing explorer (RXTe) Proportional Counter Array (PCA) observations of HZ Her/Her X-1 are analyzed here. The time periods for Anomalous Low States are refined. The 35-day X-ray lightcurve of Her X-1 is produced using 35-day phases determined with RXTe All-Sky Monitor (ASM) and Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) data, with adjustments based on the RXTe/PCA data. As a result, we constructed the best-phased 35-day lightcurve of Her X-1 with the highest sensitivity. The RXTe/PCA data are separated into 8 different substates of the 35-day cycle: Main High (MH) turn-on, MH, MH decline, Low State (LS) 1, Short High (SH) turn-on, SH, SH decline, and LS2. Orbital lightcurves are created for each substate, and they are compared. eclipse data are extracted for each substate to determine the changes in eclipse shape with 35-day phase. A scattering corona model is fit to the eclipses for the different 35-day substates: this shows that the corona is present with similar intensity at all 35-day phases. We search for previously reported dips without absorption but find none.

关键词： X-Ray Binaries Light-Curves Accretion Disks

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Transcranial magnetic stimulation: potential treatment for co-occurring alcohol, traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第19期9卷 1712-1730页

作者： Amy A.Herrold sandra L.Kletzel Brett C.Harton R.Andrew Chambers Neil Jordan Theresa Louise-Bender Pape edward Hines Jr.VA Hospital Research Service PO Box 5000 (M/C 151H)HinesILUSA The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Center for Innovation for Complex Chronic HealthcareEdward Hines Jr.VA HospitalPO Box 5000 (M/C 151H)HinesILUSA Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine446 East Ontario#7-200ChicagoILUSA Chicago Association for Research and education in Science HinesILUSA Department of Psychiatry Laboratory for Translational Neuroscience of Dual Diagnosis & DevelopmentNeuroscience Research CenterIndiana University School of Medicine320 West 15~(th)StreetIndianapolisINUSA Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationOffice of Medical Educ.(1574)345 E.Superior St.ChicagoILUSA

Alcohol use disorder （AUD）, mild traumatic brain injury （mTBI）, and posttraumatic stress disorder （PTSD） commonly co-occur （AUD ＋ mTBI ＋ PTSD）. These conditions have overlapping symptoms which are, in part, reflective of overlapping neuropathology. These conditions become problematic because their co-occurrence can exacerbate symptoms. Therefore, treatments must be developed that are inclusive to all three conditions. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） is non-invasive and may be an ideal treatment for co-occurring AUD ＋ mTBI ＋ PTSD. There is accumulating evidence on rTMS as a treatment for people with AUD, mTBI, and PTSD each alone. However, there are no published studies to date on rTMS as a treatment for co-occurring AUD ＋ mTBI ＋ PTSD. This review article advances the knowledge base for rTMS as a treatment for AUD ＋ mTBI ＋ PTSD. This review provides background information about these co-occurring conditions as well as rTMS. The existing literature on rTMS as a treatment for people with AUD, TBI, and PTSD each alone is reviewed. Finally, neurobiological findings in support of a theoretical model are discussed to inform TMS as a treatment for co-occurring AUD ＋ mTBI ＋ PTSD. The peer-reviewed literature was identified by targeted literature searches using PubMed and supplemented by cross-referencing the bibliographies of relevant review articles. The existing evidence on rTMS as a treatment for these conditions in isolation, coupled with the overlapping neuropathology and symptomology of these conditions, suggests that rTMS may be well suited for the treatment of these conditions together.

关键词： transcranial magnetic stimulation traumatic brain injury posttraumatic stress disorder treatment neuroimaging substance use disorders addiction co-morbidity mental health disorders behavioral health neuroimaging non-invasive brain stimulation

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