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Root Structure,Distribution and Biomass in Five Multipurpose Tree Species of Western Himalayas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第2期11卷 519-525页

作者： Kartar Singh VERMA sandeep kohli Rajesh KAUSHAL Om Parkash CHATURVEDI Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry Dr Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry Plant Science Division Central Soil and Water Conservation Reserach & Training Institute

【Title】【Author】【Addresses】1The tree root distribution pattern and biomass of seventeen year old trees of Grewia optiva, Morus alba, Celtis australis, Bauhinia variegata and Robinia pseudoacacia were studied by excavation method. B. variegata roots penetrated to a maximum depth of 4.78 m, whereas, M. alba roots were found down to 1.48 m depth. Lateral spread was minimum in B. variegata （1.10 m）and maximum inR. pseudoacacia （7.33 m）. Maximum root biomass of 6.30 kg was found in R. pseudoacacia and minimum （2.43 kg） was found in M. alba. For four species viz.,G. optiva, M. alba, C. australis andR. pseudoacacia, 68%-87% root biomass occurred within top 0-30 cm soil depth, but forB. variegata this was only45%. The soil binding factor was maximum in G. optiva and minimum in B. variegata. Soil physico-chemical properties also showed wide variation. The study suggests thatB. variegata with a deep root system is the most suitable species for plantation under agroforestry systems. R. pseudoacacia and G. optiva with deep root systems, more lateral spread and high soil binding factor are suitable for plantation on degraded lands for soil conservation.

关键词： Root categories Root distribution Root biomass Soil binding factor Soil conservation Nutrients

Synthesis and measurement of structural and magnetic properties of K-doped LaCoO_3 perovskite materials

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Rare Metals 2010年第5期29卷 491-500页

作者： Manjunath B.Bellakki C.Madhu Tobias Greindl sandeep kohli Patrick McCurdy V.Manivannan Department of Mechanical Engineering Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA Department of Chemistry Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA

Polycrystalline La1-xKxCoO3 （0≤ x ≤ 0.2） rare earth cobaltates have been synthesized by a solution combustion method using glycine as a fuel. The synthesized ceramic materials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, and magnetic measurements and studied for physical properties, such as photoeatalytic activity. FTIR measurements in conjunction with XRD showed that phases beyond 10% K doping are accompanied by small amounts of impurities. Chemical titrations show the presence of Co^4＋ and account for the Co^3＋-Co^4＋ mixed-valency of the system. The parent LaCoO3 shows spin-glass transition at low temperatures, whereas doped samples show transition from spin-glass behavior to paramagnetic ordering on progressive doping of K. ＂Mixed-conductor＂ nature of these ceramics positions them as viable candidates for solid oxide fuel cell （SOFC） applications.

关键词： ceramic materials combustion synthesis X-ray diffraction magnetic properties structural properties

Horizontal Inferior Patellar Dislocation in an Elderly Patient: A Case Report and Review of Literature

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第6期13卷 224-232页

作者： Ramy Shehata Shuchi kohli Akshdeep Bawa sandeep kohli Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital Norfolk UK Whiston Hospital St Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust Merseyside UK Princess Royal University Hospital—Kings College NHS Trust Orpington UK

Intra-articular patellar dislocation due to acute trauma is considered a rare presentation and is less commonly encountered in practice than extra-articular patellar dislocation. This case study presents a rare type 2 inferior dislocation of the patella in an elderly patient which was successfully reduced and managed non-operatively.

关键词： Patellar Dislocation Elderly Patient Horizontal Inferior Patella Dislocation

Contributions of type II and Ib/c supernovae to Galactic chemical evolution

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2014年第6期14卷 693-704页

作者： sandeep Sahijpal Department of Physics Panjab University

Type II and Ib/c supernovae （SNe II and Ib/c） have made major stellar nu- cleosynthetic contributions to the inventories of stable nuclides during chemical evolu- tion of the Galaxy. A case study is performed here with the help of recently developed numerical simulations of Galactic chemical evolution in the solar neighborhood to un- derstand the contributions of SNe II and Ib/c by comparing the stellar nucleosynthetic yields obtained by two leading groups in this field. These stellar nucleosynthetic yields differ in terms of their treatment of stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis. The formu- lation describing Galactic chemical evolution is developed with the recently revised solar metallicity of -0.014. Furthermore, the recent nucleosynthetic yields of stellar models based on the revised solar metallicity are also used. The analysis suggests that it could be difficult to explain, in a self-consistent manner, the various features asso- ciated with the elemental evolutionary trends over Galactic timescales by any single adopted stellar nucleosynthetic model that incorporates SNe II and Ib/c.

关键词： Sun: abundances - stars: evolution - stars: supernovae - Galaxy:abundance - Galaxy: formation - Galaxy: evolution - nucleosynthesis

Protracted zircon growth in migmatites and In situ melt of Higher Himalayan Crystallines:U-Pb ages from Bhagirathi valley, NW Himalaya,India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第3期10卷 793-809页

作者： sandeep Singh Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

The Higher Himalayan Crystallines(HHC), in western Garhwal, Uttarakhand are located in a regionalscale intracontinental ductile shear zone(15-20 km wide) bounded by the Main Central Thrust at the base, and the South Tibetan Detachment System at the top. The migmatite zone in the centre has the highest grade of metamorphism in the NW Himalayas and show evidence of flowage. Zircons extracted from samples of metasediment, migmatite, biotite granite and in situ partial melt(tourmaline-bearing leucogranite) along the Bhagirathi Valley, preserve U-Pb isotopic evidence of magmatic history, magma source and effects of the Himalayan orogeny in the region. Three distinct periods of zircon growth in the leucogranite record the episodic influx of magma between 46 Ma and 20 Ma indicating a time span of more than 25 Ma between the onset of fluid-fluxed partial melting in the mid-crustal intracontinental shear zone and the emplacement of the magma into the upper crust in a post-collisional extensional setting. Metamorphic zircon growth was initiated about 46 Ma, when the partial melts were generated as the migmatite zone was exhumed.

关键词： Himalayas Crustal anatexis Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating Migmatites Granites

Linear and nonlinear propagation characteristics of multi-Gaussian laser beams

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第11期29卷 370-379页

作者： Naveen Gupta sandeep Kumar Lovely Professional University PhagwaraIndia

Theoretical investigation on the propagation characteristics of a new class of laser beams known as multi Gaussian(M.G)laser beams has been *** investigate the linear characteristics,propagation of the laser beam in vacuum has been ***,the nonlinear characteristics have been investigated in *** nonlinearity of the plasma has been modeled by relativistic mass nonlinearity of the plasma electrons in the field of laser *** is based on finding the semi analytical solution of the wave equation for the slowly varying envelope of the laser ***,the dynamical evolutions of the beam width and longitudinal phase of the laser beam have been investigated in detail.

关键词： self-focusing multi Gaussian self phase modulation self-channeling

Micromechanical experiments using a new inter-granule loading apparatus on gravel to ballast-sized materials

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Friction 2020年第1期8卷 70-82页

作者： Chitta Sai sandeep Kostas SENETAKIS City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SARChina

Micromechanical and tribological studies of geological materials with a particular focus on their contact-mechanics behavior at the grain scale are currently a major interest in the engineering and geoscience disciplines. In this study, a new robust micromechanical apparatus developed at the City University of Hong Kong is described;it is capable of conducting inter-granule(or inter-particle) loading tests on fine gravel to ballast-sized materials of sizes as small as 5-10 mm to granules(or ballast) as big as 50 mm. The focus of our study is the description of the major technical features of the new apparatus and its performance and repeatability in conducting experiments on reference grains of chrome steel balls and glass balls;in addition, we conducted a preliminary set of experiments on crushed granitic rock, which is a material widely used in geotechnical and transportation infrastructure. The representative results of these experiments are presented in terms of the normal force-displacement relationship, friction, and tangential stiffness. The newly developed large-size apparatus is further compared with a well-established apparatus that can conduct micromechanical tests on sand-sized materials.

关键词： experimental micromechanics contact mechanics linear bearings inter‐particle friction granite debris flow ballast

Piecewise linear programming approach to solve multi-objective matrix games with I-fuzzy goals

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Journal of Control and Decision 2021年第1期8卷 1-13页

作者： sandeep Kumar Department of Mathematics Ch.Charan Singh UniversityMeerut 250004Uttar PradeshIndia

The intuitionistic fuzzy set(I-fuzzy set)plays an effective role in game theory when players face‘neither this nor that’situation to set their *** study presents a maxmin–minmax solution to multi-objective two person zero-sum matrix games with I-fuzzy *** this article,a class of piecewise linear membership and non-membership functions for I-fuzzy goals is *** functions are more effective in real games because marginal rate of increase(decrease)of such membership functions(non-membership functions)is different in different intervals of tolerance ***,one numerical example is given to examine the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed results.

关键词： Intuitionistic fuzzy set multi-objective matrix game I-fuzzy goals maxmin-minmax solution piecewise linear function

2P3FL:A Novel Approach for Privacy Preserving in Financial Sectors Using Flower Federated Learning

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 2035-2051页

作者： sandeep Dasari Rajesh Kaluri School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India

The increasing data pool in finance sectors forces machine learning(ML)to step into new *** data has significant financial implications and is *** users data from several organizations for various banking services may result in various intrusions and privacy *** a result,this study employs federated learning(FL)using a flower paradigm to preserve each organization’s privacy while collaborating to build a robust shared global ***,diverse data distributions in the collaborative training process might result in inadequate model learning and a lack of *** address this issue,the present paper proposes the imple-mentation of Federated Averaging(FedAvg)and Federated Proximal(FedProx)methods in the flower framework,which take advantage of the data locality while training and guaranteeing global *** improves the privacy of the local *** analysis used the credit card and Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity Intrusion Detection Evaluation(CICIDS)***,recall,and accuracy as performance indicators to show the efficacy of the proposed strategy using FedAvg and *** experimental findings suggest that the proposed approach helps to safely use banking data from diverse sources to enhance customer banking services by obtaining accuracy of 99.55%and 83.72%for FedAvg and 99.57%,and 84.63%for FedProx.

关键词： Federated learning FedAvg FedProx flower framework privacy preservation financial sectors