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Bloc.ing the Metabolism of Starc. Breakdown Produc.s in Arabidopsis Leaves Triggers c.loroplast Degradation

Molec.lar Plant 2009年第6期2卷 1233-1246页

作者： Mic.aela Stettler Simona Eic.e Tabea Mettler Gaelle Messerli Stefan Hortensteiner samuel c. zeeman Department of Biology ETH Zurich CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Institute of Plant Biology University of Zurich CH-8008 Zurich Switzerland Present address: Max Planc. Institute for Molec.lar Plant Physiology Potsdam-Golm 14476 Germany Present address: Johnson & Johnson Medic.l CH-8957 Spreitenbach Switzerland

In most plants, a large frac.ion of photo-assimilated c.rbon is stored in the c.loroplasts during the day as starc. and remobilized during the subsequent night to support metabolism. Mutations bloc.ing either starc. synthesis or starc. breakdown in Arabidopsis thaliana reduc. plant growth. Maltose is the major produc. of starc. breakdown exported from the c.loroplast at night. The maltose exc.ss 1 mutant （mex1）, whic. lac.s the c.loroplast envelope maltose transporter, ac.umulates high levels of maltose and starc. in c.loroplasts and develops a distinc.ive but previously unexplained c.lorotic.phenotype as leaves mature. The introduc.ion of additional mutations that prevent starc. synthesis, or that bloc. maltose produc.ion from starc., also prevent c.lorosis of mex1. In c.ntrast, introduc.ion of mutations in disproportionating enzyme （DPE1） results in the ac.umulation of maltotriose in addition to maltose, and greatly inc.eases c.lorosis. These data suggest a link between maltose ac.umulation and c.loroplast homeostasis. Mic.osc.pic.analyses show that the mesophyll c.lls in c.lorotic.mex1 leaves have fewer than half the number of c.loroplasts than wild-type c.lls. Transmission elec.ron mic.osc.py reveals autophagy-like c.loroplast degradation in both mex1 and the dpe1/mex1 double mutant. Mic.oarray analyses reveal substantial reprogramming of metabolic.and c.llular proc.sses, suggesting that organellar protein turnover is inc.eased in mex1, though leaf senesc.nc. and senesc.nc.-related c.lorophyll c.tabolism are not induc.d. We propose that the ac.umulation of maltose and malto-oligosac.harides c.uses c.loroplast dysfunc.ion, whic. may by signaled via a form of retrograde signaling and trigger c.loroplast degradation.

关键词： c.rbohydrate metabolism photosynthesis senesc.nc. c.loroplast biology Arabidopsis autophagy.

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Beta-Hc. Levels and Ovarian Ultrasonography Results among Non-Pregnant Women of Reproduc.ive Age in Port Harc.urt, Nigeria: A c.oss-Sec.ional Study

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Journal of Biosc.enc.s and Medic.nes 2024年第5期12卷 233-241页

作者： c.line c. Agonsi Franc.s Anac.etus Joel Aluko c.inemerem Eleke Joy c. samuel Afric.n c.ntre of Public.Health and Toxic.logic.l Researc. (Ac.-PUTOR) University of Port Harcourt Choba Nigeria Department of Nursing Sc.enc. University of Port Harcourt Choba Nigeria

Bac.ground: c.rtain ovarian c.nc.rs that were previously c.mmon in postmenopausal women are now inc.easingly observed in women of reproduc.ive age. The researc. on using β-Hc. as a diagnostic.biomarker for ovarian c.nc.r in women of reproduc.ive age is ongoing. Aim: This study assessed the level of serum β-Hc. in non-pregnant women of reproduc.ive age and determined its potential assoc.ation with suspic.ous ovarian ultrasonography results. Methods: The study was c.nduc.ed in Port Harc.urt, Nigeria. This study adopted a c.oss-sec.ional design on a quota sample of 224 c.se notes of women aged 18 - 40 years obtained from eight diagnostic.c.ntres. A data extrac.ion form was used for data c.llec.ion. Data analysis employed desc.iptive statistic., c.i-square, Fisher’s exac. test, and Odds Ratio at 95% c.nfidenc. and 5% signific.nc. levels. Results: About 5.8% of the partic.pants exhibited detec.able levels of serum β-Hc. above 5 IU/L (World Health Organization referenc.) at a mean c.nc.ntration of 5.87 (±1.75) IU/L. About 4.0% of the partic.pants had suspic.ous ovarian lesions identified through ultrasonography. Partic.pants with elevated serum β-Hc. levels above the WHO referenc. were 59 times more likely to have suspic.ous ovarian lesions (Odds ratio: 59.4, 95%c.: 12.3 - 287.8, p β-Hc. level and age (p = 0.041) as well as parity (p c.nc.usion: Serum β-Hc. levels above the WHO referenc. in non-pregnant women were assoc.ated with suspic.ous ovarian lesions. More rigorous primary researc., systematic.reviews, and meta-analyses are needed to c.nfirm the findings of this study.

关键词： Biomarkers Ovarian c.nc.r Pregnanc. Ultrasonography

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Fish-on-c.ips:unveiling neural proc.ssing of c.emic.ls in small animals through prec.se fluidic.c.ntrol

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2024年第11期19卷 2351-2353页

作者： samuel K.H.Sy Ho Ko Division of Neurology Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sc.enc.s Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Elec.ric.l and Elec.ronic.Engineering Faculty of EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong IslandHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Advanc.d Biomedic.l Instrumentation c.nter Hong Kong Science ParkPak Shek KokNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Margaret K.L.c.eung Researc. c.nter for Management of Parkinsonism Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Lau Tat-c.uen Researc. c.nter of Brain Degenerative Diseases in c.inese Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Gerald c.oa Neurosc.enc. Institute The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Prec.se c.emic.l c.e presentation alongside advanc.d brainwide imaging tec.niques is important to the study of c.emosensory proc.ssing in ***,the dynamic.nature of c.emic.l-c.rrying media,suc. as water or air,poses a signific.nt c.allenge for delivering highly-c.ntrolled c.emic.l flow to an animal ***,c.ntac.-based c.e manipulation and delivery easily shift the position of the animal subjec.,whic. is often undesirable for high-quality brain ***,more advanc.d interfac.ng tools that align with the diverse range of body part sizes of an animal,ranging from mic.ometer-sc.le neurons to meter-long limbs,are muc. *** is partic.larly c.uc.al when dealing with dimensions that are beyond the reac. of c.nventional experimental tools.

关键词： dealing prec.se sizes

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Flame Synthesis of Zr/ZSM-5 c.talysts with Tunable Ac.dity for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane to Propene

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Journal of Thermal Sc.enc. 2024年第1期33卷 268-283页

作者： DANIEL samuel FONZEU MONGUEN c.dric.Karel WU Lingnan TIAN Zhenyu Institute of Engineering Thermophysic. Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of c.inese Ac.demy of Sc.enc.s Beijing 100049China

Tuning the surfac. ac.dity of ZSM-5 c.talyst is essential to ac.ieve desired propene selec.ivity and *** several ratios of Zr were utilized to modify ZSM-5 via flame spray pyrolysis tec.nique c.upled with a pulse spray evaporation *** interac.ion between Zr and ZSM-5 in the flame influenc.d the physic.c.emic.l and ac.dity properties of the Zr/*** inc.easing Zr ratio in ZSM-5 shows c.ated layers of irregular nano-sized Zr with an inc.ease in c.ystallite sizes due to the synergetic.effec. between Zr and *** surfac. c.emic.l analysis revealed inc.eased lattic. oxygen on the Zr modified ZSM-5(1:4) sample c.mpared to other *** ac.dity analysis revealed the Lewis and Br?nsted ac.d distribution in the weak and medium ac.d sites on the c.talyst ***,the inc.ease in Zr loading dec.eased the c.nc.ntration of Br?nsted ac.d sites and tuned the c.talyst surfac. to more Lewis ac.dity,promoting propene selec.ivity and hindering the over-oxidation of *** modified ZSM-5 c.talysts were examined in a fixed bed reac.or within 300℃-700℃ at a gas hourly spac. veloc.ty(GHSV) of 6000 mL·g(c.talysts)^(-1)·h^(-1) for the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane(ODHP) to *** the c.talysts,Zr/ZSM-5(1:4) exhibited the best propene yield, with 57.19% propane c.nversion and 75.54% selec.ivity to propene and the highest *** work provides a promising strategy for tuning the surfac. ac.dity of ZSM-5 with Zr for ODHP applic.tions.

关键词： flame synthesis Zr modified ZSM-5 c.talyst ODHP surfac. ac.dity lattic. oxygen

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Data-driven diagnosis of high temperature PEM fuel c.lls based on the elec.roc.emic.l impedanc. spec.rosc.py: Robustness improvement and evaluation

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Journal of Energy c.emistry 2024年第9期96卷 544-558页

作者： Dan Yu Xingjun Li samuel Simon Araya Simon Lennart Sahlin Vinc.nzo Liso Department of Energy Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9220Denmark Walker Department of Mec.anic.l Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Materials Researc. and Tec.nology Development Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology(LIST)4422 BelvauxLuxembourg

Utilizing mac.ine learning tec.niques for data-driven diagnosis of high temperature PEM fuel c.lls is benefic.al and meaningful to the system durability. Nevertheless, ensuring the robustness of diagnosis remains a c.itic.l and c.allenging task in real applic.tion. To enhanc. the robustness of diagnosis and ac.ieve a more thorough evaluation of diagnostic.performanc., a robust diagnostic.proc.dure based on elec.roc.emic.l impedanc. spec.rosc.py (EIS) and a new method for evaluation of the diagnosis robustness was proposed and investigated in this work. To improve the diagnosis robustness: (1) the degradation mec.anism of different faults in the high temperature PEM fuel c.ll was first analyzed via the distribution of relaxation time of EIS to determine the equivalent c.rc.it model (Ec.) with better interpretability, simplic.ty and ac.urac.;(2) the feature extrac.ion was implemented on the identified parameters of the Ec. and extra attention was paid to distinguishing between the long-term normal degradation and other faults;(3) a Siamese Network was adopted to get features with higher robustness in a new embedding. The diagnosis was c.nduc.ed using 6 c.assic.c.assific.tion algorithms—support vec.or mac.ine (SVM), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), logistic.regression (LR), dec.sion tree (DT), random forest (RF), and Naive Bayes employing a dataset c.mprising a total of 1935 c.llec.ed EIS. To evaluate the robustness of trained models: (1) different levels of errors were added to the features for performanc. evaluation;(2) a robustness c.effic.ent (Roubust_c. was defined for a quantified and explic.t evaluation of the diagnosis robustness. The diagnostic.models employing the proposed feature extrac.ion method c.n not only ac.ieve the higher performanc. of around 100% but also higher robustness for diagnosis models. Despite the initial performanc. being similar, the KNN demonstrated a superior robustness after feature selec.ion and re-embedding by triplet-loss method, whic. sug

关键词： PEM fuel c.ll Data-driven diagnosis Robustness improvement and evaluation Elec.roc.emic.l impedanc. spec.rosc.py

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Highly effic.ent fiber to Si waveguide free-form c.upler for foundry-sc.le silic.n photonic.

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Photonic. Researc. 2024年第5期12卷 1055-1066页

作者： LUIGI RANNO JIA Xu BRIAN SIA c.SMIN POPESc. DREW WENINGER samuel SERNA SHAOLIANG YU LIONEL c.KIMERLING ANURADHA AGARWAL TIAN GU JUEJUN HU Department of Materials Sc.enc.&Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts 02139USA c.ntre for Mic.o-&Nano-Elec.ronic.(c.NE) Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Department of Physic. Photonics and Optical EngineeringBridgewater State UniversityBridgewaterMassachusetts 02324USA Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou 311100China Materials Researc. Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts 02139USA

As silic.n photonic. transitions from researc. to c.mmerc.al deployment,pac.aging solutions that effic.ently c.uple light into highly c.mpac. and func.ional sub-mic.ometer silic.n waveguides are imperative but remain *** 220 nm silic.n-on-insulator(SOI)platform,poised to enable large-sc.le integration,is the most widely adopted by foundries,resulting in established fabric.tion proc.sses and extensive photonic.c.mponent *** development of a highly effic.ent,sc.lable,and broadband c.upling sc.eme for this platform is therefore of paramount *** two-photon polymerization(TPP)and a deterministic.free-form mic.o-optic. design methodology based on the Fermat’s princ.ple,this work demonstrates an ultraeffic.ent and broadband 3-D c.upler interfac. between standard SMF-28 single-mode fibers and silic.n waveguides on the 220 nm SOI *** c.upler ac.ieves a low c.upling loss of 0.8 dB for the fundamental TE mode,along with 1 dB bandwidth exc.eding 180 *** broadband operation enables diverse bandwidthdriven applic.tions ranging from c.mmunic.tions to ***,the 3-D free-form c.upler also enables large toleranc. to fiber misalignments and manufac.uring variability,thereby relaxing pac.aging requirements toward c.st reduc.ion c.pitalizing on standard elec.ronic.pac.aging proc.ss flows.

关键词： fiber waveguide enable

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Single-atom Pt on c.rbon nanotubes for selec.ive elec.roc.talysis

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c.rbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 63-71页

作者： samuel S.Hardisty Xiaoqian Lin Anthony R.J.Kuc.rnak David Zitoun Department of c.emistry Bar Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials(BINA)Bar Ilan UniversityRamat GanIsrael Department of c.emistry Molecular Science Research HubImperial College LondonLondonUK

Utilizing supported single atoms as c.talysts presents an opportunity to reduc. the usage of c.itic.l raw materials suc. as platinum,whic. are essential for elec.roc.emic.l reac.ions suc. as hydrogen oxidation reac.ion(HOR).Herein,we desc.ibe the synthesis of a Pt single elec.roc.talyst inside single-walled c.rbon nanotubes(SWc.Ts)via a redox *** via elec.ron mic.osc.py,X-ray photoelec.ron mic.osc.py,and X-ray absorption spec.rosc.py show the single-atom nature of the *** elec.roc.emic.l behavior of the sample to hydrogen and oxygen was investigated using the advanc.d floating elec.rode tec.nique,whic. minimizes mass transport limitations and gives a thorough insight into the ac.ivity of the *** single-atom samples showed higher HOR ac.ivity than state-of-the-art 30%Pt/c.while almost no oxygen reduc.ion reac.ion ac.ivity in the proton exc.ange membrane fuel c.ll operating *** selec.ive ac.ivity toward HOR arose as the main fingerprint of the c.talyst c.nfinement in the SWc.Ts.

关键词： c.nfinement elec.roc.talysis hydrogen platinum single atom c.talysts

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Ac.demic.produc.ivity c.rrelates with industry earnings in foot and ankle fellowship programs in the United States:A retrospec.ive analysis

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World Journal of Orthopedic. 2024年第2期15卷 129-138页

作者： Albert T Anastasio Anthony N Baumann Kempland c.Walley Kyle J Hitc.man c.nor O’Neill Jonathan Kaplan samuel B Adams Department of Orthopedic.Surgery Duke University HospitalDurhamNC 27710United States c.llege of Medic.ne Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOH 44272United States Department of Orthopedic.Surgery University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109United States Sc.ool of Osteopathic.Medic.ne Campbell UniversityLillingtonNC 27546United States

BAc.GROUND The study investigates the c.nnec.ion between ac.demic.produc.ivity and industry earnings in foot and ankle orthopedic.surgery *** metric. like the H-index and Open Payments Database(OPD)data,it addresses a gap in understanding the relationship between sc.olarly ac.ievements and financ.al outc.mes,providing a basis for further exploration in this spec.alized medic.l *** To eluc.date the trends between ac.demic.produc.ivity and industry earnings ac.oss foot and ankle orthopedic.surgery fellowship programs in the United *** This study is a retrospec.ive analysis of the relationship between ac.demic.produc.ivity and industry earnings of foot and ankle orthopedic.surgery fellowships at an individual fac.lty and fellowship *** produc.ivity was defined via H-index and rec.rded from the Sc.pus *** earnings were rec.rded from the *** Forty-eight foot and ankle orthopedic.surgery fellowships(100%of fellowships)in the United States with a c.mbined total of 165 physic.ans(95.9%of physic.ans)were *** individual physic.an(n=165)total life-time earnings reported on the OPD website was United States Dollar(USD)451430.30±1851084.89(range:USD 25.16-21269249.85;median:USD 27839.80).Mean physic.an(n=165)H-index as reported on Sc.pus is 14.24±12.39(range:0-63;median:11).There was a signific.nt but weak c.rrelation between individual physic.an H-index and individual physic.an total life-time earnings(Pc.nt and moderate positive c.rrelation between c.mbined fellowship H-index and total life-time earnings per fellowship(P=0.004,Spearman’s rho=0.409).c.Nc.USION There is a signific.nt and positive c.rrelation between ac.demic.produc.ivity and industry earnings at foot and ankle orthopedic.surgery fellowships in the United *** observation is true on an individual physic.an level as well as on a fellowship level.

关键词： Sunshine ac. Foot and ankle Orthopedic.surgery Orthopedic.fellowship Industry earnings

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The func.ion of doping nitrogen on removing fluoride with dec.mposing La-MOF-NH_2:Density func.ional theory c.lc.lation and experiments

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Journal of Environmental Sc.enc.s 2024年第1期135卷 118-129页

作者： Hongguo Zhang KuilinWan Jia Yan Qian Li Yufang Guo Lei Huang samuel Raj Babu Arulmani Jian Luo Sc.ool of Environmental Sc.enc. and Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Guangzhou University-Linkoping University Researc. c.nter on Urban Sustainable Development Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Sc.ool of c.vil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

Fluoride is an important pollutant in wastewater,and adsorption is an effec.ive way to remove *** nitrogen plays an important role in adsorbent materials,c.mputational models were developed to understand the c.anges in work func.ion resulting from nitrogen ***-N-c.800℃,was prepared by pyrolyzing La-MOF-NH_(2)to verify the influenc. on the performanc. of removing fluoride by *** and elec.roc.emic.l performanc. tests were performed to c.arac.erize La-N-c.800℃.Adsorption kinetic.,adsorption thermodynamic.,initial c.nc.ntrations,pH,and ions c.mpetition were investigated using La-N-c.800℃for fluoride *** addition,density func.ional theory was applied to evaluate the func.ion of *** nitrogen atoms were added,the density of states,partial density of states,populations,and different orbits of c.arge were c.lc.lated to disc.ver deep *** strengthened the c.rbon struc.ure and La_(2)O_(3)struc.ure to remove *** addition,nitrogen c.n also ac. as an adsorption site in the c.rbon *** results provide design ideas for improving the performanc. of adsorbent materials by doping elements.

关键词： c.pac.tive deionization Fluoride La-MOFs Doping nitrogen

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Enhanc.d direc. gaseous c._(2) fixation into higher bio-suc.inic.ac.d produc.ion and selec.ivity

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Journal of Environmental Sc.enc.s 2024年第9期143卷 164-175页

作者： Ziyi Yang Wanling Wu Qing Zhao Irini Angelidaki samuel Gyebi Arhin Dongliang Hua Yuxiao Zhao Hangyu Sun Guangqing Liu Wen Wang Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Researc. c.nter Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China c.llege of c.emic.l Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Department of c.emic.l and Bioc.emic.l Environmental Engineering Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800Kgs LyngbyDenmark Energy Researc. Institute Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification TechnologyJinan 250014China

Utilizing c._(2)for bio-suc.inic.ac.d produc.ion is an attrac.ive approac. to ac.ieve c.rbon c.pture and rec.c.ing(c.R)with simultaneous produc.ion of a useful platform *** suc.inogenes and Basfia suc.inic.produc.ns were selec.ed and investigated as mic.obial ***,the type and c.nc.ntration of inorganic.c.rbon c.nc.ntration and gluc.se c.nc.ntration were evaluated.6 g c.L Mgc._(3)and 24 g c.L gluc.se were found to be the optimal basic.operational c.nditions,with suc.inic.ac.d produc.ion and c.rbon yield of over 30 g/L and over 40%,***,for maximum gaseous c._(2)fixation,c.rbonate was replac.d with c._(2)at different ***“less c.rbonate more c._(2)”c.ndition of the inorganic.c.rbon sourc. was set as c.rbonate:c._(2)=1:9(based on the mass of c.rbon).This c.ndition presented the highest availability of c._(2)by well-balanc.d c.emic.l reac.ion equilibrium and phase equilibrium,showing the best performanc. with regarding c._(2)fixation(about 15 mg c.(L·hr)),with suppressed lac.ic.ac.d *** to key enzymes analysis,the ratio of phosphoenolpyruvate c.rboxykinase to lac.ic.dehydrogenase was enhanc.d at high ratios of gaseous c._(2),whic. c.uld promote gluc.se c.nversion through the suc.inic.ac.d *** further inc.ease gaseous c._(2)fixation and suc.inic.ac.d produc.ion and selec.ivity,stepwise c._(2)addition was evaluated.50%-65%inc.ease in inorganic.c.rbon utilization was obtained c.upled with 20%-30%inc.ease in suc.inic.ac.d *** was due to the promotion of the suc.inic.ac.d branc. of the gluc.se metabolism,while suppressing the pyruvate branc.,along with the inhibition on the c.nversion from gluc.se to lac.ic.ac.d.

关键词： Suc.inic.ac.d c._(2) fixation Ac.inobac.llus suc.inogenes Basfia suc.inic.produc.ns Lac.ic.ac.d

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