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Cost effectiveness of nonpharmacological prevention programs for diabetes:A systematic review of trial-based studies

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Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 12-21页

作者： yongyi Xiong Zhaohua Huo samuel y.S.Wong Benjamin H.K.yip Jockey Club School of public Health and primary Care Prince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong KongChina

Trial-based economic value of prevention programs for diabetes is *** aimed to review the cost-effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions to prevent type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)for high-risk *** electronic databases were searched up to March *** assessing both the cost and health outcomes of nonpharmacological interventions for people at high-risk of T2DM were *** quality of the study was assessed by the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 *** primary outcome for synthesis was incremental cost-effectiveness ratios(ICER)for quality-adjusted life years(QALys),and costs were standardized in 2022 US *** synthesis was performed,considering different types and delivery methods of *** studies included five based on the US diabetes prevention program(Dpp),six on non-Dpp-based lifestyle interventions,four on health education,and one on screening plus lifestyle *** with usual care,lifestyle interventions showed higher potential of cost-effectiveness than educational *** lifestyle interventions,Dpp-based programs were less cost-effective(median of ICERs:$27,077/QALy)than non-Dpp-based programs(median of ICERs:$1395/QALy)from healthcare perspectives,but with larger decreases in diabetes ***,the cost-effectiveness of interventions was more possibly realized through the combination of different delivery *** interventions to prevent T2DM in high-risk populations are both cost-effective and feasible in various ***,economic evidence from low-and middle-income countries is still lacking,and interventions delivered by trained laypersons and combined with peer support sessions or mobile technologies could be potentially a cost-effective solution in such settings with limited resources.

关键词： economic evaluation nonpharmacological interventions pre-diabetes prevention

Investigation of Acoustomagnetoelectric Effect in Bandgap Graphene by the Boltzmann Transport Equation

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World Journal of Condensed Matter physics 2024年第1期14卷 10-20页

作者： Raymond Edziah samuel S. Bentsiefi Kwadwo Dompreh Anthony Twum Emmanuel Kofi Amewode patrick Mensah-Amoah Ebenezer T. Tatchie Cynthia Jebuni-Adanu samuel y. Mensah Department of physics University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Department of physics Education University of Education Winneba Ghana

We study the acoustomagnetoelectric (AME) effect in two-dimensional graphene with an energy bandgap using the semiclassical Boltzmann transport equation within the hypersound regime, (where represents the acoustic wavenumber and is the mean free path of the electron). The Boltzmann transport equation and other relevant equations were solved analytically to obtain an expression for the AME current density, consisting of longitudinal and Hall components. Our numerical results indicate that both components of the AME current densities display oscillatory behaviour. Furthermore, geometric resonances and Weiss oscillations were each defined using the relationship between the current density and Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) frequency and the inverse of the applied magnetic field, respectively. Our results show that the AME current density of bandgap graphene, which can be controlled to suit a particular electronic device application, is smaller than that of (gapless) graphene and is therefore, more suited for nanophotonic device applications.

关键词： Boltzmann Transport Equation Acoustomagnetoelctric Effect Surface Acoustic Wave Gapless Graphene Weiss Oscillations

Late Ordovician cornulitid tubeworms from high-latitude peri-Gondwana(Sardinia and the pyrenees) and their palaeobiogeographic significance

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Journal of palaeogeography 2024年第4期13卷 939-953页

作者： Olev Vinn Jorge Colmenar samuel Zamora Sofia pereira Gian Luigi pillola Abdullah A.Alkahtane Saleh Al Farraj Magdy El Hedeny Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu Instituto Geológico y Minero de Espa?a-CSIC Centro de Geociências Departamento de Ciências da Terra Universidade de Coimbra Rua Sílvio Lima Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche Università degli Studi di Cagliari Cittadella Universitaria College of Science King Saud University Geology Department Faculty of Science Alexandria University

Seven Cornulites species, including a new one—Cornulites leonei n. sp., are described from the Upper Ordovician portixeddu Formation(Katian, stage slices Ka2-3) of Sardinia and the Cavá(lower Katian,stage slice Ka2) and Estana(upper Katian, stage slices Ka3-4) formations of the pyrenees. The Sardinian and pyrenean cornulitids represent an adaptation to live in environments with high sedimentation rates and limited hard substrates availability. Their prominent annuli could have had a stabilizing function in the soft sediment that helped cornulitids to keep a favourable position in the sediment to enable suspension feeding. The known Late Ordovician cornulitid diversity in different Gondwana areas is low, usually ranging from one to three taxa, being higher(seven) in Sardinia. Like other benthic groups during the Late Ordovician, the cornulitid tubeworm faunas within the high-latitude peri-Gondwana province indicate a certain endemism and share morphological and ecological affinities, such as a small body size and tubes with a strikingly small apical angle. Although essentially endemic, some links with cornulitids from the Late Ordovician of Scotland are revealed.

关键词： Tentaculitid tubeworms Cornulites Mediterranean palaeoecology Katian

Superior antibody and membrane protein‑specific T‑cell responses to CoronaVac by intradermal versus intramuscular routes in adolescents

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World Journal of pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime S.Rosa Duque samuel M.S.Cheng Carolyn A.Cohen Daniel Leung Xiwei Wang Xiaofeng Mu yuet Chung Tsun Ming Lau Manni Wang Wenyue Zhang yanmei Zhang Howard H.W.Wong Leo C.H.Tsang Sara Chaothai Tsz Chun Kwan John K.C.Li Karl C.K.Chan Leo L.H.Luk Jenson C.H.Ho Wing yan Li Amos M.T.Lee Jennifer H.y.Lam Sau Man Chan Wilfred H.S.Wong Issan y.S.Tam Masashi Mori Sophie A.Valkenburg Malik peiris Wenwei Tu yu Lung Lau Department of paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina HKU‑pasteur Research pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Center for Immunology and Infection C2i Hong KongChina

Background Optimising the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines to improve their protection against disease is *** dosing by intradermal(ID)administration has been shown to be equally immunogenic as intramuscular(IM)administration for several vaccines,but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)at the full dose is *** study(NCT04800133)investigated the superiority of antibody and T-cell responses of full-dose CoronaVac by ID over IM administration in *** participants aged 11–17 years received two doses of IM or ID vaccine,followed by the 3rd dose 13–42 days *** and cellular immunogenicity outcomes were measured post-dose 2(IM-CC versus ID-CC)and post-dose 3(IMCCC versus ID-CCC).Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolescents,*** Spike protein(S)immunoglobulin G(IgG),S-receptor-binding domain(RBD)IgG,S IgG Fcγreceptor IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,SNM[sum of individual(S),nucleocapsid protein(N),and membrane protein(M)peptide pool]-specific interleukin-2(IL-2)+CD4^(+),SNM-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),S-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)and M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+)responses fulfilled the superior and non-inferior criteria for ID-CC compared to IM-CC,whereas IgG avidity was *** ID-CCC,S-RBD IgG,surrogate virus neutralisation test,90%plaque reduction neutralisation titre(pRNT90),pRNT50,S IgG avidity,S IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),interferon-γ+CD8^(+)and IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)responses were superior and non-inferior to *** estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for IM-CC,ID-CC,IM-CCC and ID-CCC,*** ID groups reported more local,mild adverse *** This is the first study to demonstrate superior antibody and M-specific T-cell responses by ID inactivated SARSCoV-2 vaccination and serves as the basis for future research to improve the

关键词： CoronaVac Coronavirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine

Lattice vibrations and Raman scattering in two- dimensional layered materials beyond graphene

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Nano Research 2016年第12期9卷 3559-3597页

作者： Xin Lu Xin Luo Jun Zhang Su ying quek Qihua Xiong Division of physics and Applied physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore Department of physics National University of Singapore 2 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117551 Singapore Centre for Advanced 2D Materials National University of Singapore 6 Science Drive 2 Singapore 117546 Singapore State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China NOVITAS Nanoelectronics Centre of Excellence School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore

We review lattice vibrational modes in atomically thin two-dimensional （2D） layered materials, focusing on 2D materials beyond graphene, such as group VI transition metal dichalcogenides, topological insulator bismuth chalcogenides, and black phosphorus. Although the composition and structure of those materials are remarkably different, they share a common and important feature, i.e., their bulk crystals are stacked via van der Waals interactions between ＂layers＂, while each layer is comprised of one or more atomic planes. First, we review the background of some 2D materials （MX2, M = Mo, W; X = S, Se, Te. Bi2X3, X = Se, Te. Black phosphorus）, including crystalline structures and stacking order. We then review the studies on vibrational modes of layered materials and nanostructures probed by the powerful yet nondestructive Raman spectroscopy technique. Based on studies conducted before 2010, recent investigations using more advanced techniques have pushed the studies of phonon modes in 2D layered materials to the atomically thin regime, down to monolayers. We will classify the recently reported general features into the following categories： phonon confinement effects and electron-phonon coupling, anomalous shifts in high-frequency intralayer vibrational modes and surface effects, reduced dimensionality and lower symmetry, the linear chain model and the substrate effect, stacking orders and interlayer shear modes, polarization dependence, and the resonance effect. Within the seven categories, both intralayer and interlayer vibrational modes will be discussed. The comparison between different materials will be provided as well.

关键词： phonon lattice vibration Raman spectroscopy two-dimensional transition metaldichalcogenide black phosphorus

Global wild rice germplasm resources conservation alliance:World Wild-Rice Wiring

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Molecular plant 2024年第4期17卷 516-518页

作者： Xiaoming Zheng Disna Ratnasekera Jiayu Fan Robert J.Henry Beng-Kah Song Kenneth M.Olsen Bal Krishna Joshi Maria Celeste N.Banaticla-Hilario Tonapha pusadee Adane Getachew Melaku yeyinou Laura Estelle Loko Koukham Vilayheuang Gavers K.Oppong samuel Aduse poku peterson W.Wambugu Song Ge Aldo Merotto Junior Ohn Mar Aung Ramaiah Venuprasad Ajay Kohli Wenbin Zhou Qian Qian National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Sanya National Research Institute of Breeding in Hainan Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China International Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777Metro Manila 4031Philippines Department of Agricultural Biology Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of RuhunaMatara 81000Sri Lanka yazhouwan National Laboratory No.8 Huanjin RoadYazhou DistrictSanya CityHainan Province 572024China Hainan University Haikou 570228China ARC Centre of Excellence for plant Success in Nature and Agriculture University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia School of Science Monash University Malaysia47500 Bandar SunwaySelangor 47500Malaysia Department of Biology Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130-4899USA National Agriculture Genetic Resources Center(Genebank) KhumaltarPO Box 3055KathmanduNepal plant Biology Division Insttute of Biological SciencesUniversity of the Pilippines Los BanosLos BanosLaguna 4031Philippines Division of Agronomy Department of Plant and Soil SciencesFaculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Bio and Emerging Technology Institute Addis Ababa 1165Ethiopia National University of Sciences TechnologiesEngineering and Mathematics(UNSTIM)Dassa-ZouméBP 14Benin National Genebank Rice and Cash Crops Research CenterNAFRIVientiane 0605Lao PDR plant Sciences and the Bioeconomy Rothamsted ResearchHarpenden AL52JQUK UK Future Food Beacon of Excellence and School of Biosciences and University of Nottingham Nottingham LE125RDUK Department of plant and Environmental Biology University of GhanaAccraGhana Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization Genetic Resources Research InstituteNairobi 00200Kenya Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul UFRGSPorto Alegre 91501-970RSBrazil Department of Agricultur

Wild relatives of crop are key genetic resources serving as diversity reservoirs for crop improvement under changing ***(Oryza sativa)is one of the most important crops in the world,providing staple food for half of the world's *** rice is thus a critical germplasm resource for sustained global food security,ensuring high production yields,improved quality,and stress resistance in the face of climate *** rice is closely related to domesticated rice and has a rich genetic diversity and exceptional adaptability to extreme *** has played a pivotal role in the history of rice hybridization and has become a key resource for rice breeding *** identification of wild-type cytoplasmic male sterility resources paved the way for the achievement of the“three lines”goal in hybrid rice,leading to a significant increase in rice *** addition,the use of resistance alleles found in wild rice is making rice production more resilient to losses caused by environmental ***,wild rice germplasm resources are threatened due to habitat destruction and other anthropogenic *** the same time,the lack of centralized distribution of wild rice has hampered the sharing of basic information on wild rice resources and the utilization and conservation of wild rice in each country,as well as collaboration among scientists.

关键词： germplasm breeding crops

Donkey whey proteins ameliorate dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by downregulating the S100A8-TRAF6-NF-κB axis-mediated inflammatory response

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第5期12卷 1809-1819页

作者： Mohan Li Qilong Li Rayhnigul Abdlla Jiali Chen Xiqing yue Siew young quek College of Food Science Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China Food Science School of Chemical SciencesThe University of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand Riddet Institute Centre for Research Excellence in Food ResearchPalmerston North 4474New Zealand

Donkey milk has a variety of physiological functions, including antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. Donkey whey proteins(DWps), as the main functional component in donkey milk, its inhibitory effect on colitis is still unclear. In this study, the inhibitory effect and potential mechanism of DWps on dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis were investigated. Firstly, the DWps and bovine milk whey proteins(BWps)were characterized using proteomics. Then, we administered DWps and BWps to mice with colitis via oral gavage. The results of immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry indicated that DWps increased T regulatory cell accumulation and increased the abundance of the cluster of differentiation 205+(CD205+)macrophages compared to those with BWps and in model groups. In addition, DWps exhibited a more remarkable ability to inhibit pro-inflammatory proteins(S100A8, TRAF6, and NF-κB)expression and inflammatory secretion than BWps. In addition, DWps significantly decreased NF-κB and CD86 levels more than BWps or the negative control in both LpS-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells or cell lines. These findings indicate that DWps comprise a promising anti-colitis functional food, and this work has established a foundation for future research on these compounds.

关键词： Donkey milk proteomics Whey proteins NF-κB

Uncovering the Online Social Structure Surrounding COVID-19

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Journal of Social Computing 2021年第2期2卷 157-165页

作者： philip D.Waggoner Robert y.Shapiro samuel Frederick Ming Gong Institute for Social and Economic Research and policy Columbia UniversityNew York CityNY 10027USA Department of political Science Columbia UniversityNew York CityNY 10027USA. Department of Quantitative Methods in the Social Sciences Columbia UniversityNew York CityNY 10027USA

How do people talk about COVID-19 online?To address this question,we offer an unsupervised framework that allows us to examine Twitter framings of the *** approach employs a network-based exploration of social media data to identify,categorize,and understand communication patterns about the novel coronavirus on *** simplest structure that emerges from our analysis is the distinction between the internal/personal,external/global,and generic threat framings of the *** structure replicates in different Twitter samples and is validated using the variation of information measure,reflecting the significance and stability of our *** an exploratory study is useful for understanding the contours of the natural,non-random structure in this online *** contend that this understanding of structure is necessary to address a host of causal,supervised,and related questions downstream.

关键词： COVID-19 networks community detection twitter exploratory data analysis

A meta-regression evaluating the effectiveness and prognostic factors of oral phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for the treatment of erectile dysfunction

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第1期18卷 60-65页

作者： Jin-Qiu yuan Chen Mao Zu-yao yang Xiao-Hong Fu samuel y Wong Jin-Ling Tang Division of Epidemiology School of Public Health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hang Kong Hang Kong China Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory for Health Risk Analysis Shenzhen Research Institute of The Chinese University of Hang Kong Shenzhen 518055 China Department of Community and Family Medicine The Chinese University of Hang Kong Hang Kong China

The effectiveness of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors （pDE5-1s） for erectile dysfunction （ED） varies considerably among trials, but available studies investigating the factors that affect the effectiveness are few and findings are not consistent. A systematic search was performed in pubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE to identify randomized controlled trials comparing pDE5-1s with placebo for the treatment of ED. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed by the Cochrane Collaboration＇s tool for assessing risk of bias. The associations between prespecified study-level factors and effectiveness were tested by a random effects meta-regression model. This study included 93 trials with 26 139 patients. When all pDE5-1s were grouped together, Caucasian ethnicity was associated with 15.636% （95% confidence interval [CI]： 0.858% to 32.579%） increase in risk ratio （RR） for Global Assessment Questionnaire question-1 （GAQ-1）, and 1.473 （95% CI： 0.406 to 2.338） score increase in mean difference （MD） for posttreatment International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function domain score （IIEF-EF）, compared to Asian ethnicity. A one-score increase in baseline IIEF-EF was associated with -5.635% （95% CI： -9.120% to -2.017%） reduction in RR for GAQ-1, and -0.229 （95% CI： -0.425 to -0.042） score decrease in MD for posttreatment IIEF-EF. In conclusion, pDE5-1s are more effective in Caucasians than Asians, and in patients with more severe ED.

关键词： erectile dysfunction meta-regression phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors systematic review