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Improved Low-Temperature Aqueous Synthesis of ZnO Nanorods and Their Use in SERS Detection of 4-ABT and RDX

Materials Sciences and Applications 2013年第1期4卷 29-38页

作者： Marcia del R.Balaguera-Gelves Oscar J.perales-pérez Surinder p.Singh José A.Jiménez Joaquín A.Aparicio-Bolanos samuel p.hernández-rivera Department of Chemistry University of Puerto Rico-MayaguezMayagüezPuerto Rico Department of Engineering Science and Materials University of Puerto Rico-MayaguezMayagüezPuerto Rico Department of Chemistry University of North FloridaJacksonvilleUSA Department of Chemistry and physics University of Puerto Rico-PoncePoncePuerto Rico

The growth-controlled synthesis of zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NR) in the aqueous phase has been investigated. The rods were grown on ZnO films previously deposited onto Si(100) and indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates by RF magnetron sputtering. The formation of the rods took place in the presence of hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) as habit-control reagent. The grains in the base ZnO film acted as seeds that promoted the longitudinal growth of the oxide. As-synthesized base films and rods were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field emission SEM, optical absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy techniques. Subsequently, a wet chemistry procedure was performed to achieve ZnO NR growth. This methodology was conducive to the formation of rods of a relatively narrow distribution of diameters (60 - 70 nm) with lengths in the 1 - 3 μm range. photoluminescence spectra were characterized by a dominant near-band-edge (NBE) peak followed by a green luminescence (GL) broad band, indicative of higher oxygen vacancy concentration in the ZnO NR grown on ZnO/ITO in comparison with those grown on ZnO/Si(100). A UV process was used for coating the ZnO NR with gold (Au). Au coating on ZnO NR was used to evaluate the detection capability by SERS of different analytes such as: 4-aminobenzenethiol (4-ABT) and 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5- triazine (RDX) at low levels. A strong SERS Raman spectrum was observed for 4-ABT. A limit of detection (LOD) of 1 × 10-8M for 4-ABT was achieved corresponding to a minimum of 5.4 × 105molecules detected under the experimental conditions at excitation wavelength of 785 nm with a sensitivity of the ZnO NR in the range of 1.1 × 10-16g under the laser spot.

关键词： ZnO Nanorods Sputtering SERS 4-ABT RDX

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The sexually dimorphic expression of glutamate transporters and their implication in pain after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer M.Colón-Mercado Aranza I.Torrado-Tapias Iris K.Salgado Jose M.Santiago samuel E.Ocasio rivera Dina p.Bracho-Rincon Luis H.pagan rivera Jorge D.Miranda Department of physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA National Institutes of Health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of puerto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA Institute of Neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

In addition to the loss of motor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-molecular mechanisms are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penumbra of the injury site initiates a cellularmolecular interplay that acts as a rewiring mechanism leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the formation of new connections triggering abnormal sensory *** excitatory glutamate transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutamate which makes them a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dimorphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tamoxifen in male and female rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tamoxifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutamate transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and female rats received a moderate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatment of tamoxifen or matrix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey monofilaments and the“up-down method”to evaluate mechanical *** treatment decreased allodynia only in female rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutamatergic transporters(excitatory amino acid transporter 1/glutamate aspartate transporter and excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter-1)revealed a sexual dimorphism in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a pattern of expression primarily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory amino acid transporter-1 expression while male rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain EAAT-1/GLAST EAAT-2/GLT-1 glutamate transporters selective estrogen receptor modulator sexual dimorphism spinal cord injury trauma

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 366-377页

作者： samuel Abokyi Dennis Yan-yin Tse School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Research Center for SHARp Vision The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Eye and Vision Research Sha TinHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Retinal aging has been recognized as a significant risk factor for various retinal disorders,including diabetic retinopathy,age-related macular degeneration,and glaucoma,following a growing understanding of the molecular underpinnings of their *** comprehensive review explores the mechanisms of retinal aging and investigates potential neuroprotective approaches,focusing on the activation of transcription factor *** meta-analyses have demonstrated promising outcomes of transcription factor EB-targeted strategies,such as exercise,calorie restriction,rapamycin,and metformin,in patients and animal models of these common retinal *** review critically assesses the role of transcription factor EB in retinal biology during aging,its neuroprotective effects,and its therapeutic potential for retinal *** impact of transcription factor EB on retinal aging is cell-specific,influencing metabolic reprogramming and energy homeostasis in retinal neurons through the regulation of mitochondrial quality control and nutrient-sensing *** vascular endothelial cells,transcription factor EB controls important processes,including endothelial cell proliferation,endothelial tube formation,and nitric oxide levels,thereby influencing the inner blood-retinal barrier,angiogenesis,and retinal ***,transcription factor EB affects vascular smooth muscle cells,inhibiting vascular calcification and *** retinal pigment epithelial cells,transcription factor EB modulates functions such as autophagy,lysosomal dynamics,and clearance of the aging pigment lipofuscin,thereby promoting photoreceptor survival and regulating vascular endothelial growth factor A expression involved in *** cell-specific functions of transcription factor EB significantly impact retinal aging mechanisms encompassing proteostasis,neuronal synapse plasticity,energy metabolism,microvasculature,and inflammation,ultimately offering pro

关键词： age-related macular degeneration anti-aging interventions autophagy calorie restriction diabetic retinopathy exercise glaucoma neuromodulation phagocytosis photoreceptor outer segment degradation retinal aging transcription factor EB

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Smart Grid Functionalities Evaluation

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2016年第6期7卷 175-189页

作者： Laura Giménez de Urtasun samuel Borroy Vicente Noemí Galán hernández CIRCE Foundation Zaragoza Spain

In the last years, with the advent of Smart Grids, many research and demonstration projects have seen the light in order to involve electric system in the implementation of advances in information and communication technologies, in order to improve network efficiency, reliability, security and quality of service. Before new implementations are performed, previous results have to be studied, and taken into account. In this line, this work presents the methodology, results and conclusions of the evaluation of the Smart Grid functionalities developed by 5 different DSOs during DISCERN project in order to select the optimal, cost-effective and most replicable solutions for the strategic development of the intelligence at medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV) networks.

关键词： Smart Grid power System Reliability ASIDI KpIs Simulation

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Improving water use efficiency by integrating fish culture and irrigation in coconut based farming system:A case study in Kasaragod District of Kerala(India)

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2014年第2期7卷 36-44页

作者： Manoj p.samuel A.C.Mathew National Academy of Agricultural Research Management Hyderabad-500030India Central plantation Crops Research Institute KasaragodKerala-671124India

The crop production in the district of Kasaragod in Kerala State(India)is characterized by low input-low yield concept and rain-fed agriculture.A field study was conducted in Western Ghat region of the district to develop a suitable rainwater harvesting system adoptable to hilly terrains and to test its efficacy for improving the use efficiency of the harvested water by its multiple *** cost-benefit analysis of the water harvesting system was also carried out to find out its affordability to *** water harvesting system has been developed by integrating three components:(i)improving the productivity of coconut and component crops in the cropping units(ii)developing multiple water use systems,and(iii)the conjunctive use of the harvested water along with other surface and groundwater *** on the estimated annual costs and returns,the Benefit-Cost ratio was found to be 1.69 and all other financial viability criteria(IRR and NpV)were also found favourable for investment on a lined water harvesting tank integrated with a micro-irrigation system and fish *** study suggested that the rainwater harvesting could be implemented as a viable alternative to conventional water supply or on-farm irrigation projects considering the fact that any land anywhere can be used to harvest ***,the water use efficiency can be improved through effective harvesting and subsequent multiple uses of stored water.

关键词： rainwater harvesting water use efficiency plastic lined tank seepage loss fish culture financial viability

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Model based current mode control design and experimental validation for a 3φ rectifier under unbalanced grid voltage conditions

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Journal of Modern power Systems and Clean Energy 2018年第4期6卷 777-790页

作者： p.R.MARTíNEZ-RODRIGEZ Jose M.SOSA samuel ITURRIAGA-MEDINA Gerardo ESCOBAR Gerardo VáZQUEZ-GUZMáN Andres A.VALDEZ-FERNández School of Sciencies UASLP Laboratory of Electrical and power Electronics ITESI School of Engineering Universidad Modelo

This paper addresses the control design and the experimental validation of a current mode control for a three phase voltage source rectifier. The proposed control law is able to fulfill the voltage regulation and the current tracking control objectives despite of unbalanced and distorted grid voltages. The proposed control law consists of two loops, which are referred as inner tracking loop and the outer voltage regulation loop. The inner loop is designed to provide damping to the system, which also includes and adaptive mechanism. The construction of the current reference is based on the positive component detection of thegrid voltage. Therefore, the current produced by the power rectifier is proportional to the fundamental component of the grid voltage, despite of the presence of unbalanced grid voltages. The voltage regulation loop is designed as a proportional-integral controller, which is aimed to regulate the DC output voltage to a desired level. Finally, experimental results are obtained in an experimental prototype of2 kW to evaluate the performance of the proposed controller.

关键词： pulse-width modulation rectifier power factor correction positive-component Current mode control

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phages and their potential to modulate the microbiome and immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第4期18卷 889-904页

作者： Sara Federici samuel p.Nobs Eran Elinav Immunology Department Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Cancer-Microbiome Division Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum(DKFZ) Neuenheimer Feld 28069120 HeidelbergGermany

Bacteriophages(hence termed phages)are viruses that target bacteria and have long been considered as potential future treatments against antibiotic-resistant bacterial ***,the molecular nature of phage interactions with bacteria and the human host has remained elusive for decades,limiting their therapeutic *** many phages and their functional repertoires remain unknown,the advent of next-generation sequencing has increasingly enabled researchers to decode new lytic and lysogenic mechanisms by which they attack and destroy ***,the last decade has witnessed a renewed interest in the utilization of phages as therapeutic vectors and as a means of targeting pathogenic or commensal bacteria or inducing ***,the narrow host range,immense antibacterial repertoire,and ease of manipulating phages may potentially allow for their use as targeted modulators of pathogenic,commensal and pathobiont members of the microbiome,thereby impacting mammalian physiology and immunity along mucosal surfaces in health and in microbiomeassociated *** this review,we aim to highlight recent advances in phage biology and how a mechanistic understanding of phage-bacteria-host interactions may facilitate the development of novel phage-based *** provide an overview of the challenges of the therapeutic use of phages and how these could be addressed for future use of phages as specific modulators of the human microbiome in a variety of infectious and noncommunicable human diseases.

关键词： Microbiota Microbiome phages

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Analysis of Sampling Error Uncertainties and Trends in Maximum and Minimum Temperatures in China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2014年第2期31卷 263-272页

作者： HUA Wei samuel S.p.SHEN WANG Huijun Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information Technology University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Mathematics and Statistics San Diego State University

In this paper we report an analysis of sampling error uncertainties in mean maximum and minimum temperatures （Tmax and Tmin） carried out on monthly,seasonal and annual scales,including an examination of homogenized and original data collected at 731 meteorological stations across China for the period *** of the gridded data and national average,linear trends and their uncertainties,as well as the homogenization effect on uncertainties are *** is shown that the sampling error variances of homogenized Tmax and Tmin,which are larger in winter than in summer,have a marked northwest-southeast gradient distribution,while the sampling error variances of the original data are found to be larger and *** and Tmin increase in all months of the year in the study period 1951-2004,with the largest warming and uncertainties being 0.400℃ （10 yr）-1 ＋ 0.269℃ （10 yr）-1 and 0.578℃ （10 yr）-1 ＋ 0.211℃ （10 yr）-1 in February,and the least being 0.022℃ （10 yr）-1 ＋ 0.085℃ （10 yr）-1 and 0.104℃ （10 yr）-1 ＋0.070℃ （10 yr）-1 in *** can remove large uncertainties in the original records resulting from various non-natural changes in China.

关键词： sampling error uncertainty maximum temperature minimum temperature temperature trend

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Breakdown Voltage prediction by Utilizing the Behavior of Natural Ester for Transformer Applications

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第3期35卷 2717-2736页

作者： p.samuel pakianathan R.V.Maheswari Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering National Engineering CollegeKovilpattiTamilnadu628503India

This research investigates the dielectric performance of Natural Ester(NE)using the partial Differential Equation(pDE)tool and analyzes dielectric performance using fuzzy *** nowadays is found to replace Mineral Oil(MO)due to its extensive dielectric ***,the heat-tolerant Natural Esters Olive oil(NE1),Sunﬂower oil(NE2),and Ricebran oil(NE3)are subjected to High Voltage AC(HVAC)under different electrodes conﬁ*** break-down voltage and leakage current of NE1,NE2,and NE3 under point-point(p-p),Sphere-Sphere(S-S),plane-plane(pL-pL),and Rod-Rod(R-R)are measured,and survival probability is *** electricﬁeld distribution is analyzed using the partial Differential Equation(pDE)*** shows better HVAC with stand capacity under all the electrodes conﬁguration,especially in the S-S shape *** exponential function is developed for the oils under different elec-trode geometry;NE shows a higher survival ***,the most inﬂu-ential dielectric properties such as breakdown voltage,kinematic viscosity,and water content are used to develop a Mamdani-based control system model that combines two variables to produce the surface *** surface model indi-cates that the NE subjected for investigation is less susceptible to moisture effect and higher kinematic *** on the surface models of pDE and fuzzy,it is concluded that NE possesses a high survival rate since its breakdown voltage does not react to changes in water *** the application of NE in the transformer application is highly safe and possesses extended life.

关键词： power transformer fuzzy logic prediction partial differential equation natural ester exponential function

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Corrosion rate determination of rare-earth Mg alloys in a Na_(2)SO_(4)solution by electrochemical measurements and inductive coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2019年第1期7卷 47-57页

作者： samuel Leleu Bertrand Rives Nicolas Causse Nadine pébère CIRIMAT Universitéde ToulouseCNRSINPTUPSENSIACET4 allée Emile Monso BP4436231030 Toulouse cedex 4 France IRT Saint Exupéry 118 route de Narbonne-CS 4424831432 ToulouseFrance

The corrosion resistance of three Mg alloys containing rare-earth elements(WE43,EV31 and ZE41)was studied and compared to that of two Mg-Al alloys(AZ31 and AZ91)and of pure Mg(99.95 wt.%).Current-voltage curves and electrochemical impedance measurements were performed with rotating disk electrodes in an aerated 0.1 M Na_(2)SO_(4)*** all the alloys,it was confirmed that the intermetallic particles acted as local cathodes and that more protective films were formed on the alloys surface by comparison with the pure *** rates were determined from inductive coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy measurements and from the electrochemical *** corrosion rates were observed for the rare-earth Mg alloys compared to the AZ series *** data allowed the corrosion mechanisms to be discussed.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Rare-earth elements EIS ICp-OES Interface

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