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Exploring the pathways of Leprosy patients from Their Communities to a Diagnosis in the Districts of Mayuge, Yumbe and Kasese-Uganda

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 346-373页

作者： Rose Kengonzi Stavia Turyahabwe samuel Orach Lisa Gerwing-Adima Ronald W. Nyote Vincent Kamara Kabugho Faith Consolata Mpambara National Tuberculosis and Leprosy program Ministry of Health Uganda Kampala Uganda Health Department Uganda Catholic Medical Bureau Kampala Uganda German Leprosy and Tuberculosis Relief Association Kampala Uganda National Tuberculosis and Leprosy program Kampala Uganda

Background: Leprosy is known to cause disability that leads to severe outcomes like stigma, discrimination, mental health problems and participation restriction. Furthermore, in cases of infectious leprosy, longer delays increase the risk for the spread of the disease. Despite being preventable and curable, a significant proportion of new leprosy patients (39%) in 2019 had grade 2 (Described as Visible disability) at the time of diagnosis signifying late presentation. The aim of this study was to describe patient journeys from first symptoms suggestive of leprosy to a diagnosis and individual and community level factors associated with health seeking behavior of leprosy patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional explorative study implemented in Kasese, Mayuge and Yumbe districts .A structured questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data. Qualitative assessment included patients, family members, health workers, voluntary health teams and the district health team. Descriptive statistics were presented in terms of percentages, frequency tables, pie Charts and graphs for easy interpretation and discussion. Results: The results indicate that 53% of the respondents identified as female. The median age of the respondents being 34 years, with a range of 1 to 76 years (Mean: 44.7, Mode: 65, Standard-Deviation: 19.6, Kurtosis: 0.6). The most common first symptom noticed by respondents was skin lesions (65%) followed by deformities (18%) (p value = 0.05%) occurring mostly in the feet (p-value = 0.48). Majority (52%) of the patients had taken more than 24 months (SD 18.72 OR 2.75) for a diagnosis to be made with a maximum delay of over 60 months. The most common cause of delay in seeking health care was lack of knowledge on leprosy (p value=Conclusions: There was a delay of 2 years in seeking health care for the majority of the patients. Key barriers to early diagnosis were lack of knowledge and infrastructure. Community sensitization and strengthening capacity buildi

关键词： Leprosy patient pathway Skin Lesions Disability Discrimination Delayed Diagnosis

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咬肌神经封闭治疗咬肌疼痛——临床记录

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中国口腔医学继续教育杂志 2009年第4期12卷 42-44页

作者： samuel Y.p.Quek 王海云（译） DMD MPH / Barry S. Grunwerg DMD 北京协和医院口腔正畸科北京东城区东单帅府园1号 100730

文章描述了对支配咬肌的咬肌神经局部注射麻醉剂的技术。在三叉神经第三支下颌神经通过卵圆孔后．下颌神经的前支与咬肌神经相伴行穿过颞下窝，最终咬肌神经穿过下颌切迹支配咬肌。在尸体解剖的帮助下，设计出对咬肌的局部封闭技术。咬... 详细信息

文章描述了对支配咬肌的咬肌神经局部注射麻醉剂的技术。在三叉神经第三支下颌神经通过卵圆孔后．下颌神经的前支与咬肌神经相伴行穿过颞下窝，最终咬肌神经穿过下颌切迹支配咬肌。在尸体解剖的帮助下，设计出对咬肌的局部封闭技术。咬肌神经的局部封闭是获得整个咬肌麻醉的有效方法。这种外周神经封闭对治疗急慢性咬肌疼痛提供了另一种治疗选择。该方法也可用来诊断鉴别疼痛来源。

关键词：咬肌咬肌神经封闭外周神经封闭三叉神经封闭

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Global geoepidemiology of gastrointestinal surgery rates in Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1835-1844页

作者： Simcha Weissman Muhammad Aziz Ayrton Bangolo Vignesh K Nagesh Htat Aung Midhun Mathew Lino Garcia Shiva A Chandar praveena Karamthoti Harinder Bawa Aseel Alshimari Yabets Kejela Nazish Mehdi Chrishanti A Joseph Athri Kodali Rohan Kumar priya Goyal Sanya Satheesha Fnu Nivedita Nicole Tesoro Tanni Sethi Gurpreet Singh Areej Belal Alina Intisar Hirra Khalid samuel Cornwell Suchith B Suresh Kareem Ahmed Karabo K Marole Om p Anand Rahat B Reshi Tej I Mehta Sameh Elias Joseph D Feuerstein Department of Medicine Hackensack Meridian Health Palisades Medical CenterNorth BergenNJ 07047United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Toledo Medical CenterToledoOH 43614United States Department of Medicine University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States Department of Radiology Johns Hopkins University HospitalBaltimoreMD 21218United States Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215United States

BACKGROUND Data regarding the worldwide gastrointestinal surgery rates in patients with Crohn’s disease(CD)remains *** To systematically review the global variation in the rates of surgery in *** A comprehensive search analysis was performed using multiple electronic databases from inception through July 1,2020,to identify all full text,randomized controlled trials and cohort studies pertaining to gastrointestinal surgery rates in adult patients with *** included continent based demographic data,CD surgery rates over time,as well as the geoepidemiologic variation in CD surgery *** analyses were conducted using *** Twenty-three studies spanning four continents were *** median proportion of persons with CD who underwent gastrointestinal surgery in studies from North America,Europe,Asia,and Oceania were 30%(range:1.7%-62.0%),40%(range:0.6%-74.0%),17%(range:16.0%-43.0%),and 38%*** clear association was found regarding the proportion of patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery over time in North America(R^(2)=0.035)and Europe(R^(2)=0.100).A moderate,negative association was seen regarding the proportion of patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery over time(R^(2)=0.520)in *** There appears to be significant inter-continental variation regarding surgery rates in *** evidencebased guidelines accounting for the geographic differences in managing patients with CD is ***,as a paucity of data on surgery rates in CD exists outside the North American and European continents,future studies,particularly in less studied locales,are warranted.

关键词： Gastrointestinal surgery Crohn’s disease Geoepidemiology Inflammatory bowel disease prevalence

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Sulfurized-polyacrylonitrile in lithium-sulfur batteries:Interactions between undercoordinated carbons and polymer structure under low lithiation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第3期31卷 587-596,I0016页

作者： samuel Bertolini Timo Jacob Institute of Electrochemistry Ulm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 4789081 UlmGermany Helmholtz-Institute Ulm(HIU) Electrochemical Energy StorageHelmholtzstr.1189081 UlmGermany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) P.O.Box 364076021 KarlsruheGermany

Lithium-sulfur battery(LSB)represents an important candidate to be used in energy storage applications,due to its high specific ***-polyacrylonitrile(SpAN)is a candidate as a host material in LSB to replace graphite,due to its ability to chemisorb polysulfides(pSs).The sulfur chains attached to the polymer can reversibly form Li2S,and SpAN indicates to have a good cyclability and better performance than graphite,thus,SpAN acts partially as an active and also as a host *** this study,we investigated the capacity of the solvent or the SpAN to lose a hydrogen atom from the backbone,to predict possible anodic reactions between solvent and host *** simulation suggests that the photophilic salts may preferentially react with the solvent,and possibly building a cathode electrolyte interphase(CEI).We observed that an undercoordinated carbon(C_(uc))can be thermodynamically created,due to *** Cuccan react with the solvent on the polymer backbone through different mechanisms,however,the simulations indicated that the reaction should be affected by the interaction between the solvent and C_(uc),according to SpAN’s ***,C_(uc)reacts with long sulfur chains attached to SpAN,capturing sulfur and forming a C-S bond.A sulfur chain from one SpAN can connect to another polymer backbone,however,this process is affected by lithiation and ***,this work also investigates the formation of interconnected SpAN structures and the multiple C_(uc)effects.

关键词： Density functional theory Ab initio molecular dynamics Lithium-sulfur batteries Sulfurized-polyacrylonitrile

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表现为颞下颌关节口颌面疼痛的鼻咽癌病例报道

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中国口腔医学继续教育杂志 2011年第1期14卷 59-61页

作者： Junad Khan samuel Y.p. Quek Stanley Markman 刘木清（译）傅开元（校）不详北京大学口腔医学院颞下颌关节病口颌面疼痛中心北京海淀区中关村南大街22号100081

一名50岁白人女性就诊于新泽西医科和牙科大学急诊室，主诉右侧面部疼痛3个月。对其进行了全面的口内及口外检查。患者主诉张口受限和不能咀嚼硬物约1个月。病史无特殊。因患者咬肌注射治疗效果不佳且自述有持续的面部麻木．医师怀疑有... 详细信息

一名50岁白人女性就诊于新泽西医科和牙科大学急诊室，主诉右侧面部疼痛3个月。对其进行了全面的口内及口外检查。患者主诉张口受限和不能咀嚼硬物约1个月。病史无特殊。因患者咬肌注射治疗效果不佳且自述有持续的面部麻木．医师怀疑有病变存在．建议行影像学检查。CT及MRI显示右侧鼻咽黏膜下一处大的肿块达鼻咽腔。这一发现大大超出预料。这一病例给我们一些提示：R颔面疼痛的原因是复杂的；口颔面疼痛的诊断与牙痛的诊断有很大不同：诊治有不寻常表现的口颔面痛尚须更多的培训。

关键词：咬肌鼻咽口颌面痛颞下颌关节

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长江中游地区暴雨过程的500hpa信号场特征

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气象学报 2005年第3期63卷 333-341页

作者：陆慧娟沈善普黄嘉佑中国科学院大气物理研究所北京100029 北京大学物理学院大气科学系北京100871

文中用500hpa信号场研究了长江中游地区暴雨发生的气候异常环境,并提出用信号场合成图的检验方法来分析暴雨规律。结果表明,暴雨过程与无雨过程在500hpa信号场中异常信号显著区的出现及分布形势有明显不同。分析14次暴雨过程的合成图,... 详细信息

文中用500hpa信号场研究了长江中游地区暴雨发生的气候异常环境,并提出用信号场合成图的检验方法来分析暴雨规律。结果表明,暴雨过程与无雨过程在500hpa信号场中异常信号显著区的出现及分布形势有明显不同。分析14次暴雨过程的合成图,发现在发生暴雨过程第1天,正异常区常常出现在贝加尔湖附近地区(40°～50°N,80°～100°E)和中国华南地区(20°～25°N,100°～130°E),负异常区出现在中国长江中游北部地区。暴雨过程出现的主要特征是在110°E附近,形成南北向的“+-+”分布形势和波列。

关键词： 500hpa 长江中游地区暴雨过程信号场气候异常检验方法异常信号贝加尔湖华南地区北部地区主要特征合成图异常区南北向分布中国

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肥胖Zucker大鼠肾脏血管紧张素Ⅱ2型受体及Mas受体共定位,且功能相互依赖

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中华高血压杂志 2017年第9期25卷 899-899页

作者： patel SN Ali Q samuel p Steckelings UM Hussain T 赵狄练桂丽

血管紧张素Ⅱ2型受体（angiotensinⅡtype 2receptor,AT_2R）与Mas受体（the receptor Mas,MasR）作用复杂,但均具有相似的前利钠作用,尤其是在肥胖/糖尿病大鼠肾脏中AT_2R表达及利钠作用增强。根据一些报道提示的这些受体之间的潜在正... 详细信息

血管紧张素Ⅱ2型受体（angiotensinⅡtype 2receptor,AT_2R）与Mas受体（the receptor Mas,MasR）作用复杂,但均具有相似的前利钠作用,尤其是在肥胖/糖尿病大鼠肾脏中AT_2R表达及利钠作用增强。根据一些报道提示的这些受体之间的潜在正相互作用,研究者在肥胖大鼠中验证肾脏AT_2R及MasR生理上相互作用、相互依赖地刺激细胞信号转导及促进利钠作用的假设。

关键词：大鼠 Mas Zucker 正相互作用受体肾脏血管紧张素Ⅱ 尿钠激动剂报道提示

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Hurricane Florence Makes Landfall in the Southeast USA: Sensitive Dependence on Initial Conditions, parameterizations, and Integrated Enstrophy

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2020年第2期10卷 101-124页

作者： Sarah S. Balkissoon Jonathan T. Bongard Thomas Cain Dominic M. Candela Corey Clay Bahtiyar Efe Qiuping Ji Emily M. Klaus Alex p. Korner Kenna Mitchell Jane M. Niemeyer Jordan L. Rabinowitz samuel p. Ritter Katherine Rojas paula Sumrall patrick S. Market Anthony R. Lupo Atmospheric Science program School of Natural Resources University of Missouri Columbia MO USA Department of Meteorological Engineering Samsun University Samsun Turkey

The overall purpose of this paper is to post-evaluate the predictability of Hurricane Florence using the Advanced Research Weather Research Forecast (WRF) (ARW) version of a mesoscale model. This was performed over the period from 0000 UTC 13 September 2018 through 0000 UTC 18 September 2018. The WRF ARW core resolution used here was the 27-km grid spacing chosen to in order to balance finer resolution against in house processing time and storage. The large-scale analysis showed that a change in the Northern Hemisphere flow regime, especially the flow in the western part of the Northern Hemisphere may have contributed partly to the reduced forward speed of the tropical cyclone. In order to measure the predictability of a system, we will use different convective and boundary layer schemes initialized from the same conditions. The results demonstrated that the sign of the local IRE tendency was similar to that of the Northern Hemisphere Integrated Enstrophy. The results also showed that when the boundary layer, convective, and cloud microphysical schemes of the model were varied, the areal coverage of heavy precipitation of Florence was under-forecast by approximately 10% or more, and the heaviest amounts were under-forecast by an average of about 20%.

关键词： predictability Model Behavior Integrated Entrophy precipitation Tropical Cyclone

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General invariance and equilibrium conditions for lattice dynamics in 1D,2D,and 3D materials

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2280-2290页

作者： Changpeng Lin samuel poncé Nicola Marzari Theory and Simulation of Materials(THEOS) École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneCH-1015LausanneSwitzerland National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials(MARVEL) École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneCH-1015LausanneSwitzerland European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility Institute of Condensed Matter and NanosciencesUniversitécatholique de LouvainChemin desÉtoiles 8B-1348Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium

The long-wavelength behavior of vibrational modes plays a central role in carrier transport,phonon-assisted optical properties,superconductivity,and thermomechanical and thermoelectric properties of ***,we present general invariance and equilibrium conditions of the lattice potential;these allow to recover the quadratic dispersions of flexural phonons in low-dimensional materials,in agreement with the phenomenological model for long-wavelength bending *** also prove that for any low-dimensional material the bending modes can have a purely out-of-plane polarization in the vacuum direction and a quadratic dispersion in the long-wavelength *** addition,we propose an effective approach to treat invariance conditions in crystals with non-vanishing Born effective charges where the long-range dipole-dipole interactions induce a contribution to the lattice potential and stress *** approach is successfully applied to the phonon dispersions of 158 two-dimensional materials,highlighting its critical relevance in the study of phonon-mediated properties of low-dimensional materials.

关键词： materials. lattice invariance

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Critical review of the impact of cover crops on soil properties

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第3期10卷 343-354页

作者： Komlan Koudahe samuel CAllen Koffi Djaman Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department Kansas State University1016 Seaton Hall920 N.Martin Luther King Jr.DriveManhattanKS66506USA Department of plant and Environmental Sciences New Mexico State UniversityAgricultural Science Center at FarmingtonP.O.Box 1018FarmingtonNM87499USA

Grasses as well as leguminous and non-leguminous broadleaves are the major categories of commonly grown cover crops *** review focuses on the contribution of cover crops to soil *** review first considers the single and mixed cover crops and shows that grass species are desirable for their decay and ability to provide substantial soil cover,broadleaf species are used for their quick decomposition and capacity of releasing residues into the soil,while the leguminous species are used for their ability to fix atmospheric ***,the impacts of cover crops on soil health are *** cover crops into conventional cropping systems may reduce soil bulk density,improve soil structure and hydraulic properties to facilitate increased water infiltration and *** residue additions from cover crops may enhance soil organic C and N accretion as well as increase availability of p,K,Ca,Fe and Mg in some soil types under certain climatic ***,cover crops may provide a better condition for microbial activity,abundance,and ***,the review shows that through proper management,cover crops may be utilized as an essential component of soil conservation practices for enhanced soil ***,further investigation is necessary to determine cover crop effects in additional cropping systems and climatic zones as well as the long-term effects of cover crops on soil properties,subsequent crop yield,and overall cropping system *** review is an important source of information for crop growers,crop management institutions,universities,and crop consultants for sustainable agricultural production.

关键词： Cover crops Soil properties Grasses Leguminous

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