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Multiclass stand-alone and ensemble machine learning algorithms utilised to classify soils based on their physico-chemical characteristics

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第2期14卷 603-615页

作者： Eyo Eyo samuel Abbey Faculty of Environment and Technology Department of Geography and Environmental ManagementCivil Engineering ClusterUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolBS161QYUK Fugro GB Marine Geotechnical Services Limited WallingfordOX109RBUK

This study has provided an approach to classify soil using machine *** elements of stand-alone machine learning algorithms(*** regression(LR)and artificial neural network(ANN)),decision tree ensembles(*** forest(DF)and decision jungle(DJ)),and meta-ensemble models(*** ensemble(SE)and voting ensemble(VE))were used to classify soils based on their intrinsic physico-chemical ***,the multiclass prediction was carried out across multiple cross-validation(CV)methods,*** validation split(TVS),k-fold cross-validation(KFCV),and Monte Carlo cross-validation(MCCV).Results indicated that the soils’clay fraction(CF)had the most influence on the multiclass prediction of natural soils’plasticity while specific surface and carbonate content(CC)possessed the least within the nature of the dataset used in this ***-alone machine learning models(LR and ANN)produced relatively less accurate predictive performance(accuracy of 0.45,average precision of 0.5,and average recall of 0.44)compared to tree-based models(accuracy of 0.68,average precision of 0.71,and recall rate of 0.68),while the meta-ensembles(SE and VE)outperformed(accuracy of 0.75,average precision of 0.74,and average recall rate of 0.72)all the models utilised for multiclass *** analysis of the meta-ensembles proved their capacities to discriminate between soil classes across the methods of CV *** learning training and validation using MCCV and KFCV methods enabled better prediction while also ensuring that the dataset was not overfitted by the machine learning *** confirmation of this phenomenon was depicted by the continuous rise of the cumulative lift curve(LC)of the best performing models when using the MCCV ***,this study demonstrated that soil’s physico-chemical properties do have a direct influence on plastic behaviour and,therefore,can be relied upon to classify soils.

关键词： Soil classification Physico-chemistry Soil plasticity Machine learning Logistic regression(LR) Machine learning ensembles Artificial neural network(ANN)

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Immune pathway through endometriosis to ovarian cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第4期15卷 496-522页

作者： Mariana Santos Calmon Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos Marcel Silva Luz samuel Luca Rocha Pinheiro Luis Guilherme de Oliveira Silva Gabriel Lima Correa Santos Gabriel Reis Rocha Fabrício Freire de Melo Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease,defined by the presence of functional endometrial tissue outside of the uterine *** disease is one of the main gynecological diseases,affecting around 10%-15%women and girls of reproductive age,being a common gynecologic *** endometriosis is a benign disease,it shares several characteristics with invasive *** support that it has been linked with an increased chance of developing endometrial ovarian cancer,representing an earlier stage of neoplastic *** is particularly true for women with clear cell carcinoma,low-grade serous carcinoma and ***,the carcinogenic pathways between both pathologies remain poorly *** studies suggest a connection between endometriosis and endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers(EAOCs)via pathways associated with oxidative stress,inflammation,and *** article aims to review current data on the molecular events linked to the development of EAOCs from endometriosis,specifically focusing on the complex relationship between the immune response to endometriosis and cancer,including the molecular mechanisms and their *** recent developments in immunotherapy and their potential to boost the effectiveness of future treatments.

关键词： Ovarian neoplasms Endometriosis Endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers Immune response Immunotherapy

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Statin, aspirin and metformin use and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma related outcomes following liver transplantation: A retrospective study

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第3期14卷 120-131页

作者： William Chung Kevin Wong Noel Ravindranayagam Lauren Tang Josephine Grace Darren Wong Danny Con Marie Sinclair Avik Majumdar Numan Kutaiba samuel Hui Paul Gow Vijayaragavan Muralidharan Alexander Dobrovic Adam Testro Department of Gastroenterology Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Victorian Liver Transplant Unit Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Radiology Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Monash HealthClayton 3168VictoriaAustralia Department of Surgery University of MelbourneAustin HealthHeidelberg 3048VictoriaAustralia Department of Surgery Beacon LaboratoryAustin PrecinctThe University of MelbourneAustin HospitalHeidelberg 3048VictoriaAustralia

BACKGROUND Liver transplantation(LT)is a potentially curative therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HCC-recurrence following LT is associated with reduced *** is increasing interest in chemoprophylaxis to improve HCC-related outcomes *** To investigate whether there is any benefit for the use of drugs with proposed chemoprophylactic properties against HCC,and patient outcomes following *** This was a retrospective study of adult patients who received Deceased Donor LT for HCC from 2005-2022,from a single Australian *** use was defined as statin,aspirin or metformin therapy for≥29 days,within 24 months post-LT.A cox proportional-hazards model with time-dependent covariates was used for survival *** measures were the composite-endpoint of HCC-recurrence and all-cause mortality,HCC-recurrence and HCC-related *** analysis was performed to account for immortality time bias and statin *** Three hundred and five patients were included in this study,with 253(82.95%)males with a median age of 58.90 *** of liver disease were 150(49.18%)hepatitis C,73(23.93%)hepatitis B(HBV)and 33(10.82%)non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).56(18.36%)took statins,51(16.72%)aspirin and 50(16.39%)*** a median follow-up time of 59.90 months,34(11.15%)developed HCC-recurrence,48(15.74%)died,17(5.57%)from HCC-related ***,aspirin or metformin use was not associated with statistically significant differences in the composite endpoint of HCC-recurrence or all-cause mortality[hazard ratio(HR):1.16,95%CI:0.58-2.30;HR:1.21,95%CI:0.28-5.27;HR:0.61,95%CI:0.27-1.36],HCC-recurrence(HR:0.52,95%CI:0.20-1.35;HR:0.51,95%CI:0.14-1.93;HR 1.00,95%CI:0.37-2.72),or HCC-related mortality(HR:0.32,95%CI:0.033-3.09;HR:0.71,95%CI:0.14-3.73;HR:1.57,95%CI:0.61-4.04)*** dosing was not associated with statist-ically significant differences in HCC-related ***

关键词： Liver transplantation Hepatocellular carcinoma Transplant oncology Statins HMG-Co-A reductase Aspirin Metformin Mammalian target of rapamycin

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Inspection of free energy functions in gradient crystal plasticity

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2013年第6期29卷 763-772页

作者： samuel Forest Nicolas Guninchault Centre des Matriaux Mines ParisTechCNRS UMR 7633 BP 8791003 Evry CedexFrance

The dislocation density tensor computed as the cud of plastic distortion is regarded as a new constitutive variable in crystal plasticity. The dependence of the free energy function on the dislocation density tensor is explored starting from a quadratic ansatz. Rank one and logarithmic dependencies are then envisaged based on considerations from the statistical theory of dislocations. The rele- vance of the presented free energy potentials is evaluated from the corresponding analytical solutions of the periodic two-phase laminate problem under shear where one layer is a single crystal material undergoing single slip and the second one remains purely elastic.

关键词： Gradient plasticity Crystal plasticity Continuum thermodynamics Dislocation density tensor Read- Shockley energy

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Kinematic Analysis of an Under-actuated,Closed-loop Front-end Assembly of a Dragline Manipulator

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2020年第4期17卷 527-538页

作者： Muhammad AWardeh samuel Frimpong Department of Mining and Nuclear Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRolla 65409USA Center for Infrastructure Engineering Studies Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRolla 65409USADepartment of Mining and Nuclear EngineeringMissouri University of Science and TechnologyRolla 65409USA

Dragline excavators are closed-loop mining manipulators that operate using a rigid multilink framework and rope and rigging system,which constitute its front-end *** arrangements of dragline front-end assembly provide the necessary motion of the dragline bucket within its operating *** assembly resembles a five-link closed kinematic chain that has two independent generalized coordinates of drag and hoist ropes and one dependent generalized coordinate of dump *** models failed to represent the actual closed loop of dragline front-end assembly,nor did they describe the maneuverability of dragline ropes under imposed geometric ***,a three degrees of freedom kinematic model of the dragline front-end is developed using the concept of generalized *** contains all relevant configuration and kinematic constraint conditions to perform complete digging and swinging *** model also uses three inputs of hoist and drag ropes linear and a rotational displacement of swinging along their *** inverse kinematics is resolved using a feedforward displacement algorithm coupled with the Newton-Raphson method to accurately estimate the trajectories of the *** trajectories are solved only during the digging phase and the singularity was eliminated using Baumgarte's stabilization technique(BST),with appropriate inequality constraint *** is shown that the feedforward displacement algorithm can produce accurate trajectories without the need to manually solve the inverse kinematics from the *** research findings are well in agreement with the dragline real operational limits and they contribute to the efficiency and the reduction in machine downtime due to better control strategies of the dragline cycles.

关键词： Dragline mining manipulator underactuated closed-loop mechanism generalized speeds Baumgarte's stabilization technique(BST) feedforward displacement

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Generating Adversarial Samples on Multivariate Time Series using Variational Autoencoders

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2021年第9期8卷 1523-1538页

作者： samuel Harford Fazle Karim Houshang Darabi Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60607 USA

Classification models for multivariate time series have drawn the interest of many researchers to the field with the objective of developing accurate and efficient ***,limited research has been conducted on generating adversarial samples for multivariate time series classification *** samples could become a security concern in systems with complex sets of *** study proposes extending the existing gradient adversarial transformation network(GATN)in combination with adversarial autoencoders to attack multivariate time series classification *** proposed model attacks classification models by utilizing a distilled model to imitate the output of the multivariate time series classification *** addition,the adversarial generator function is replaced with a variational autoencoder to enhance the adversarial *** developed methodology is tested on two multivariate time series classification models:1-nearest neighbor dynamic time warping(1-NN DTW)and a fully convolutional network(FCN).This study utilizes 30 multivariate time series benchmarks provided by the University of East Anglia(UEA)and University of California Riverside(UCR).The use of adversarial autoencoders shows an increase in the fraction of successful adversaries generated on multivariate time *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first study to explore adversarial attacks on multivariate time ***,we recommend future research utilizing the generated latent space from the variational autoencoders.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning deep learning multivariate time series perturbation methods

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Hydraulic jump and choking of flow in pipe with a change of slope

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2022年第6期34卷 1044-1066页

作者： Rui Zeng S.samuel Li Department of Building Civil and Environmental EngineeringConcordia UniversityMontrealCanada

This paper investigates hydraulic jumps in sloping pipes by means of wall-resolved large eddy simulation(LES).The purpose is to achieve an improved understanding of jump behaviours driven by pipe discharge and *** LES model predicts the hydraulic jump as a 3-D two-phase flow,with air as the gas phase and water as the liquid *** predictions yield instantaneous velocity and pressure fields as well as fluid volume *** instantaneous flow variables allow ensemble averages,which quantify the internal structures and integral properties of the hydraulic *** predicted instantaneous velocity shows spectra in consistency with the well-known Kolmogorov−5/3 *** ensemble averages of air and water velocities,free-surface profile,roller length and aeration length,compare well with available experimental *** jump behaviours are *** aspects such as free-surface fluctuation and jump-toe oscillation resemble the classical hydraulic jump on horizontal *** like the 3-D distributions of core jet,vorticity and aeration are much more *** on the pipe discharge and slope,the resulting jump can be a complete or an incomplete *** incomplete hydraulic jump causes choked flow *** has severe consequences on drainage conditions in sewer pipes laid on sloping *** paper proposes using the Okubo-Weiss parameter as a new way to subtly delineate the region of hydraulic *** is much more efficient and less ambiguous,compared with traditional visual inspections.

关键词： Hydraulic jump sloping pipe two-phase bubbly flow large eddy simulation(LES) choking of flow Okubo-Weiss parameter

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The use of fine portions from construction and demolition waste for expansive soil stabilization: A review

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022年第7期16卷 803-816页

作者： Mgboawaji Claude UJILE samuel Jonah ABBEY Civil Engineering Faculty of Environment and TechnologyUniversity of the West of EnglandBristol BS161QYUK Geotechnical Engineering Faculty of Environment and TechnologyUniversity of the West of EnglandBristol BS161QYUK

Construction and demolition waste(CDW)are the largest waste products in the world today and competes as a viable recycled additive material in place of natural *** to the increase in compressive strength of different mix proportions of CDW,it is also considered for reuse in concrete and subbase *** study shows the effect of CDW in expansive soil *** chemical and mechanical properties of these materials have shown that they are capable of developing compressive strength properties for replacement of cement with significant reduction in carbon *** inherent compositional properties of recycled CDW compared in this review suggests that CDW have good filler properties in highly expansive *** of crushed brick and recycled aggregates characterised based on chemical properties of different replacement ratios suggests that CDW of good-quality aggregates reduces swell potential of expansive soils and increased mechanical strength in pavement construction.

关键词： mixed fine portions construction and demolition waste expansive soil soil stabilization

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Current practices and guidelines for clinical next-generation sequencing oncology testing

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2016年第1期13卷 3-11页

作者： samuel P.Strom Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles

Next-generation sequencing(NGS) has been rapidly integrated into molecular pathology, dramatically increasing the breadth genomic of information available to oncologists and their patients. This review will explore the ways in which this new technology is currently applied to bolster care for patients with solid tumors and hematological malignancies, focusing on practices and guidelines for assessing the technical validity and clinical utility of DNA variants identified during clinical NGS oncology testing.

关键词： Cancer genomics next-generation sequencing molecular diagnostics

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Ferroptosis:copper-iron connection in cuprizone-induced demyelination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 89-90页

作者： Priya Jhelum samuel David Centre for Research in Neuroscience and Brain Program The Research Institute of the McGill University Health CentreMontrealQCCanada

Redox active metals such as iron,copper,zinc,and manganese play important roles in promoting a variety of biochemical reactions essential for cellular *** is made possible by the ability of these metals to accept and donate *** in the form of iron-sulfur clusters and heme plays a key role in adenosine triphosphate generation in mitochondria as well as numerous other enzymatic *** the other hand.

关键词： function. copper metals

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