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P450基因在氯虫苯甲酰胺不同抗性品系小菜蛾中的表达及功能分析

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中国农业科学 2022年第13期55卷 2562-2571页

作者：尹飞李振宇 samina Shabbir 林庆胜广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室

【目的】以十字花科蔬菜害虫小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella）为研究对象，筛选参与小菜蛾代谢氯虫苯甲酰胺的主要细胞色素P450解毒基因，为阐明不同抗性水平小菜蛾对氯虫苯甲酰胺的抗性机理提供依据。【方法】利用叶片药膜法测定不同小... 详细信息

【目的】以十字花科蔬菜害虫小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella）为研究对象，筛选参与小菜蛾代谢氯虫苯甲酰胺的主要细胞色素P450解毒基因，为阐明不同抗性水平小菜蛾对氯虫苯甲酰胺的抗性机理提供依据。【方法】利用叶片药膜法测定不同小菜蛾种群3龄幼虫对氯虫苯甲酰的抗性水平，通过转录组测序、insectbase数据库和小菜蛾基因组数据库筛选得到52个细胞色素P450基因。应用MEGA5.10软件对52个细胞色素P450基因进行进化分析，获得与抗药性密切相关的CYP3和CYP4家族P450基因。利用实时荧光定量PCR方法分析目的基因在小菜蛾室内筛选种群（HZY）和田间抗性种群惠州种群（HZ）、连州种群（LZ）、东升种群（DS）、钟落潭种群（ZLT）中的表达量，选用RNA干扰技术，采用注射法，验证在抗性种群中显著上调表达的CYP6BF1V4在小菜蛾抗氯虫苯甲酰胺中的功能。【结果】抗药性测定结果表明，LZ和HZ小菜蛾种群为中等水平抗性，ZLT、DS和HZY小菜蛾种群为高水平抗性。对52个细胞色素P450基因的系统发育树分析发现，小菜蛾拥有10个CYP4家族基因，28个CYP3家族基因，其中2个CYP4家族基因在HZ和HZY种群中的表达量显著高于敏感种群，4个CYP3家族基因表达量与小菜蛾抗性呈正相关，8个基因在中等水平抗性小菜蛾体内的表达量高于在高水平抗性小菜蛾体内的表达量。对田间种群进一步筛选得到6个与小菜蛾抗氯虫苯甲酰胺密切相关，在不同抗性种群中均上调表达的细胞色素P450基因，其中4个为CYP6家族基因（CYP6BF1V4、CYP6BF1V3、CYP6f1和CYP6B6）,2个为CYP9家族基因（CYP9G2.1和CYP9G2.2），以CYP6BF1V4的表达量最高，其在抗性种群中的表达量是在敏感种群中表达量的3.5—6.3倍。RNA干扰结果显示，沉默CYP6BF1V4能够显著提高小菜蛾对氯虫苯甲酰胺的敏感性。【结论】CYP6BF1V4、CYP6BF1V3、CYP6f1、CYP6B6、CYP9G2.1和CYP9G2.2可能在小菜蛾体内协同调控多功能氧化酶的表达，从而加快小菜蛾代谢氯虫苯甲酰胺的速度，提高小菜蛾对氯虫苯甲酰胺的抗性。

关键词：小菜蛾抗药性氯虫苯甲酰胺 CYP6 CYP9 代谢活性 RNA干扰

Structure of the Venom Apparatus of Large Carpenter Bees, Xylocopa fenestrata （Fabricius）（Hymenoptera： Apidae）

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2012年第2期2卷 259-264页

作者： Farzana Perveen Sardar Azher Mehmood samina Yasmin Department of Zoology Hazara University Garden Campus Mansehra 21300 Pakistan

The venom apparatus in the large carpenter bees, Xylocopafenestrata （Fabricius）（Hymenoptera： Apidae） has been studied It consists of typical parts, i.e., the venom sac, free filament, Dufour gland, sting shaft and accessory sclerites. It is highly sclerotized and concealed by the 7th abdominal tergite and sternite. The venom sac serves as a reservoir for the venom which synthesized by the convoluted gland present in it, which is remarkably uniform to that of ants. The median duct extends from lower portion of venom sac, which measures 2.5 ±0.17 mm （mean ＋ SD）（n = 20） in length. The Dufour gland is a tube-like structure which is inserted in the sting-bulb. The triangular plate is attached at terminal portion of rami, which is in turn attached with lancets. The gonostyli are paired long and tubular structure with 5.29 ± 0.23 mm （n = 20） in length. The sting length is 5.29 ±0.23 mm （n = 20）. The fulcral arm is well-developed with an inverse Y-shaped structure present beneath the sting-bulb. Barbs on the sting shaft are weakly developed in X fenestrata but well developed in ants. The venom apparatus ofX. fenestrata when compared is similar to the bees but differs from that of the wasps and ants.

关键词： Apidae hymenoptera large carpenter bees venom apparatus.

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中美竞争对巴基斯坦内外安全的影响

中美竞争对巴基斯坦内外安全的影响

作者： Abbasi samina Yousaf 华东师范大学

学位级别：硕士

中美关系对巴基斯坦的国内和地区安全产生了深远的影响。中美竞争通过推动政治上的竞争性行为和弱化该国的社会政治一致性,影响了伊斯兰堡的安全。在巴基斯坦国内,华盛顿与北京的竞争通过支持印度而激化了克什米尔问题。此外,由于美国... 详细信息

中美关系对巴基斯坦的国内和地区安全产生了深远的影响。中美竞争通过推动政治上的竞争性行为和弱化该国的社会政治一致性,影响了伊斯兰堡的安全。在巴基斯坦国内,华盛顿与北京的竞争通过支持印度而激化了克什米尔问题。此外,由于美国在印度的权力斗争,中巴经济走廊成为争论的焦点,这对中巴经济走廊的安全产生了负面影响。虽然巴基斯坦与中国的持续合作为其提供了提高经济利益的机会,但却为伊斯兰堡与周边国家的关系带来了新的安全困难,并使其与华盛顿的双边关系变得紧张。在地区层面,北京和华盛顿之间的地区竞争影响到了伊斯兰堡与阿富汗和印度的安全,使伊斯兰堡与新德里的宿怨升级,削弱了伊斯兰堡在克什米尔问题上的立场,并扰乱了印巴威慑的稳定性。伊斯兰堡的安全由于阿富汗的影响和美国军队在巴基斯坦西部边境的存在而受到损害。新德里和喀布尔之间的战略伙伴关系使伊斯兰堡与喀布尔的关系进一步紧张。由于美国从阿富汗撤军后,美国对巴基斯坦的依赖几乎已经结束,巴基斯坦现在在保护其在阿富汗的战略利益方面面临若干挑战。尽管自2021年8月以来,伊斯兰堡作出了积极的外交努力,以尽量减少与华盛顿关系中的分歧和不一致,但现在它正在寻找新的机会来应对中国的崛起。该研究回答了一个基本问题:美国与中国的竞争对巴基斯坦的国内和地区安全有什么影响?本文的结论是:北京和华盛顿之间的友好关系将增加伊斯兰堡的安全,而北京和华盛顿之间的竞争关系将损害伊斯兰堡的安全。现实主义理论为研究北京和华盛顿的双边关系的基本属性提供了一个合理的理论框架。中国和美国在战略上都非常努力地在经济和军事援助以及伙伴关系方面安抚巴基斯坦,使其有利于自己。巴基斯坦利用其得到的经济和军事援助来加强其经济发展和军事进步。巴基斯坦已经表达了改变其做法的愿望,即依靠地缘经济的全球支持来减少美国和中国在世界政治中日益增加的竞争成本。巴基斯坦从过去的经验中了解到,尽管巴基斯坦在后911时代发挥了作用,并且是反恐战争的前线盟国,但美国在很多时候都抛弃了它。巴基斯坦应该同时受益于与这两个世界大国保持互利伙伴关系所带来的安全和经济利益,没有必要过分依赖其中任何一方。尽管美国和中国之间的关系日益紧张,但巴基斯坦应该找到中间途径,在这两个国家之间建立相互理解,并从这两个国家获得利益。

关键词：中国美国竞争巴基斯坦国内安全地区安全

Postoperative Analgesia Following Caesarean Section: Intravenous Patient Controlled Analgesia Versus Conventional Continuous Infusion

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2012年第4期2卷 120-126页

作者： samina Ismail Gauhar Afshan Abdul Monem Aliya Ahmed Department of Anaesthesia The Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan

Background: Management of postoperative pain after caesarean section (C/S) requires a balance between pain relief and undesirable side effects of drugs and technique. In order to improve postoperative pain management after caesarean section, we compared intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) with our current hospital practice, which is continuous opioid infusion. Method: We enrolled one hundred and twenty patients in our prospective randomized trial after an uneventful elective caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. All patients received 0.5 mg/kg bolus of pethidine on first complaint of pain or at 120 minutes after institution of spinal anaesthesia. Depending upon the randomization, Group P received IV-PCA with 0.15 mg/kg bolus pethidine with 10-minute lockout and Group C received continuous pethidine infusion at a rate of 0.15 mg/kg/hr. Statistical analysis: For qualitative variables means and standard deviations were computed and analyzed by T-test, Mann Whitney U test and repeated measures ANOVA. Frequency and percentages were computed for qualitative data and analyzed by Chi-Square and Fischer exact test. A p-value of less than 0.05 was treated as significant. Results: The numeric rating score for pain, need for rescue analgesia and incidence of nausea and vomiting was significantly lower (p-value < 0.001) in IV-PCA group as compared to continuous infusion group at 6, 12 and 24 hours postoperatively, 98% of the patients were satisfied with pain management in Group P as compared to 70% (p < 0.001) in Group C. Conclusion: Our results showed improved pain control, less need for rescue analgesia for breakthrough pain, lower incidence of nausea and vomiting and greater patient satisfaction with IV-PCA. In the absence of preservative free narcotics for intrathecal use, postoperative pain management can be significantly improved by using IV-PCA instead of continuous opioid infusion in patients undergoing caesarean section.

关键词： Postoperative Pain IV-PCA Continuous Opioid Infusion Opioids Caesarean Section

Extended Forgery Detection Framework for COVID-19 Medical Data Using Convolutional Neural Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 3773-3787页

作者： Sajid Habib Gill Noor Ahmed Sheikh samina Rajpar Zain ul Abidin N.Z.Jhanjhi Muneer Ahmad Mirza Abdur Razzaq Sultan S.Alshamrani Yasir Malik Fehmi Jaafar Department of Computer Science Shah Abdul Latif UniversityKhairpur66020SindhPakistan National College of Business Administration&Economics Lahore54000Pakistan School of Computer Science and Engineering SCETaylor’s UniversityMalaysia Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computer Science&Information TechnologyUniversiti MalayaMalaysia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Engineering&Computing SciencesNew York Institute of TechnologyVancouverCanada The Computer Research Institute of Montreal QuebecCanada

Medical data tampering has become one of the main challenges in the field of secure-aware medical data *** of normal patients’medical data to present them as COVID-19 patients is an illegitimate action that has been carried out in different ways ***,the integrity of these data can be *** detection is a method of detecting an anomaly in manipulated forged *** appropriate number of features are needed to identify an anomaly as either forged or non-forged data in order to find distortion or tampering in the original *** neural networks(CNNs)have contributed a major breakthrough in this type of *** has been much interest from both the clinicians and the AI community in the possibility of widespread usage of artificial neural networks for quick diagnosis using medical data for early COVID-19 patient *** purpose of this paper is to detect forgery in COVID-19 medical data by using CNN in the error level analysis(ELA)by verifying the noise pattern in the *** proposed improved ELA method is evaluated using a type of data splicing forgery and sigmoid and ReLU phenomenon *** proposed method is verified by manipulating COVID-19 data using different types of forgeries and then applying the proposed CNN model to the data to detect the data *** results show that the accuracy of the proposed CNN model on the test COVID-19 data is approximately 92%.

关键词： Data security data privacy medical-data forgery COVID-19 convolutional neural network machine learning deep learning

Effect of Blue Colour (453 nm Visible Range Radiation) on Anxiety in College Students

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Chinese Medicine 2018年第1期9卷 1-6页

作者： samina Azeemi Hina Iram Qanita Younas Ameena Azeemi Department of Physics Government College (W) Gulberg Lahore Pakistan CMH Lahore Medical College Lahore Pakistan

The Biological effect of blue color therapy on self-reported anxiety in college students was determined. Female students (n = 150) of age 18 - 24 from a Government college (w) Gulberg in Lahore, Pakistan were randomized into two groups (n = 75 each), Group A (chromotherapy) and Group B (control). For the treatment of anxiety, two methods of chromo therapy used were Hydrochromotherapy (Blue chromotized water) and through watching colors (Blue chart). After 2, 4 and 6 weeks, the number of students experiencing improvement in their anxiety from Group A were 60, 9 and 0 respectively. In Group B, students that recovered from anxiety were 17, 12 and 7 after 2, 4 and 6 weeks respectively. Relation between therapy and improvement in anxiety was examined using χ2 statistic. Relation between these variables was significant, (1, n = 150) = 11.24, p < 0.01. After this study, 453 nm (blue color) was proved to be an effective intervention for anxiety in students. It confers a greater improvement in anxiety than does no treatment (control). This is cost effective yet an effective way of treatment with no apparent side effects.

关键词： Color Therapy Electromagnetic Radiation Randomized Controlled Trial Anxiety Students

Elimination of Free Radicals and Immunity Enhancement with 644 nm (Red Colour) Radiation: A Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial

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Chinese Medicine 2016年第1期7卷 10-15页

作者： samina T. Yousuf Azeemi Saleem Farooq Shaukat Rubina Qasim Hadia Khawar Physics Department COMSATS University Lahore Pakistan University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan Govt. College Gulberg Lahore Pakistan

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an important antioxidant enzyme present in all oxygen-metabolizing cells. The effect of different wavelengths on superoxide dismutase (SOD) has been reported previously which has shown to have a remarkable effect on immune system. Thus, after presenting solid scientific reasoning behind this therapeutic mode of treatment pertaining to the activity of SOD in the presence of 644 nm radiation, a randomised controlled clinical trial has been carried out which builds a unique relationship of 644 nm irradiated SOD with the elimination of free radicals and hence the enhancement of immunity, not only for curative treatment but also as a preventive tool against all those diseases related to the elimination of free radicals to get better immune system of the human body. This study was conducted in the department of Gynecology and obstetrics at Al-Khidmat Teaching Hospital Mansoorah, Lahore, Pakistan.

关键词： Immunity System Free Radicals SOD Chromotherapy Red Colour (644 nm Radiation)

A Case History of Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis by Chromotherapy

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Chinese Medicine 2011年第2期2卷 43-46页

作者： samina T. Yousuf Azeemi Masoom Yasinzai Syed Mohsin Raza 不详

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is endemic in many parts of the world. The disease in most of the cases appears in the form of the open ulcerated lesion on exposed part of the body. The pentavalent antimonial injections (20 mg/kg for 20 days) underneath the lesion for treatment are painful and most of the times unaffordable by the patients, mostly effected by this disease. As a result, most patients give-up early resulting in resistance. Due to high prevalence and the disease taking an epidemic form, there is a need to develop a new simple, cheap and yet an effective alternative treatment for cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Reported here is a case study aimed at alternative treatment regimen for cutaneous leishmaniasis. Here we present a case history of cutaneous leishmaniasis treated with chromotherapy. This seems to be an effective and new method of treatment only using visible range radiations of different wavelengths with no apparent side-effects. Six months follow up was observed and no recurrence was found.

关键词： Cutaneous Leshmaniasis Chromotherapy Photostimulation

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Double Appendicitis

International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2012年第1期3卷 60-61页

作者： Majid Mushtaque Asif Mehraj samina Ali Khanday Rayees A. Dar 不详

Duplication of the vermiform appendix is extremely rare with reported incidence of 0.004% patients operated on for acute appendicitis. It is important to recognize this condition which may have serious clinical and medico legal consequences. A 16 year old male presented with clinical features typical of acute appendicitis. Surgical exploration revealed a perforated gangrenous double appendix which was dealt by double appendicectomy .

关键词： Appendix Duplication Appendicitis