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A Quasi Experiment to Implement Multimodal Strategy to Improve Hand Hygiene Behavior in a Healthcare Facility in Central Saudi Arabia

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2019年第1期9卷 49-63页

作者： Ashraf E. saad Al-Wasila T. Al-Natig Mostafa M. Sadek Raouf M. Afifi Department of Preventive Medicine Armed Forces Hospital at Wadi Al-Dawasir Riyadh KSA Infection Prevention and Control Unit Armed Forces Hospital at Wadi Al-Dawsir Riyadh KSA Sadeklab Laboratories Alexandria Egypt Formly Microbiology and Public Health Department Military Medical Academy Alexandria Egypt Community Health Research Institute International Management-Health Services Indianapolis IN USA Health Research Institute SA Consultancy and Training Cairo Egypt

Background: Hand hygiene (HH) compliance of healthcare workers (HCWs) remains suboptimal despite standard multimodal promotion, and evidence for the effectiveness of novel interventions is urgently needed. Aim: Improve HCWs’ HH compliance toward minimizing healthcare associated infection (HCAI) risk in Wadi Al Dawasir Hospital (WDH), central Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methodology: A quasi experimental approach was adopted to achieve study aim. The HCWs’ behavior of HH during the duration between 2015 and 2016 was evaluated before and after a HH educational plan based on the World Health Organization (WHO) “Multimodal HH Improvement Strategy” (MMHHIS). The HCWs’ compliance in response to HH indications represented by the WHO’s “My 5-Moments for HH” and the type of HH action taken, whether hand washing (HW) or hand-rubbing (HR) were analyzed. Results: The number of opportunities observed of HH performance accounted 230 in 2015 (pre-education), and 237 in 2016 (post-education). The HCWs’ HH compliance rate in the pre-education phase did not vary by the 5-moment indications [χ2(df 4) = 0.01, p = 0.98]. Conversely, the compliance rate after HH education was higher than non-compliance across all 5-moment indication opportunities (ranged between 57.0% up to 88.9%) [χ2(df 1) = 18.25, p rd and 4th 5-moment indications (“after body fluid exposure” and “after patient contact,” respectively) were met with a significant HH improvement [χ2(df 1) = 8.98, p = 0.003;and χ2(df 1) = 16.3, p −4.38, p = 0.001). Only physicians and nurses showed a significant “within-profession” improvement in HH compliance after education, compared to that before education (Z = −3.51, p = 0.001, Z = −2.48, p = 0.013, respectively). Conclusions: Applying a HH education plan based on standardized multimodal HH strategy proved effective in improving the HH compliance of the hospital’s staff. An ongoing observation policy within a HH-resourceful environment assures a sustainable and so

关键词： Quasi Experiment Multimodal Strategy Hand Hygiene Healthcare Facility Central Saudi Arabia

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Radioembolization for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma:A clinical review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第11期14卷 1664-1669页

作者： saad M Ibrahim Robert J Lewandowski Kent T Sato Vanessa L Gates Laura Kulik Mary F Mulcahy Robert K Ryu Reed A Omary Riad Salem Department of Radiology Section of Interventional RadiologyNorthwestern MemorialHospitalRobert H.Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterChicago60611United States Department of Nuclear Medicine Northwestern Memorial HospitalChicago 60611United States Department of Medicine Division of HepatologyNorthwestern Memorial HospitalChicago 60611United States Department of Medicine Divisionof Hematology and OncologyRobert H Lurie ComprehensiveCancer CenterNorthwestern Memorial HospitalChicago 60611United States Department of Radiology Section of Interventional RadiologyNorthwestern MemorialHospitalRobert H.Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterChicago60611United States Department of MedicineDivisionof Hematology and OncologyRobert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterNorthwestern Memorial HospitalChicago 60611United States

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the sixth most common cancer in the *** majority of patients with HCC present with unresectable *** patients have historically had limited treatment options secondary to HCC demonstrating chemoresistance to the currently available systemic ***, normal liver parenchyma has shown intolerance to tumoricidal radiation doses,limiting the use of external beam *** of these limitations,novel percutaneous liver-directed therapies have emerged. The targeted infusion of radioactive microspheres (radioembolization)represents one such therapy. Radioembolization is a minimally invasive transcatheter therapy through which radioactive microspheres are infused into the hepatic arteries that supply tumor. Once infused,these microspheres traverse the hepatic vascular plexus and selectively implant within the tumor *** within the arterioles, the 90Y impregnated microspheres emit high energy and low penetrating radiation doses selectively to the *** has recently shown promise for the treatment of patients with unresectable HCC. The objective of this review article is to highlight twocurrently available radioembolic devices(90Y,188Rh)and provide the reader with a recent review of the literature.

关键词： Radioembolization Brachytherapy Hepatocellular carcinoma Yttrium-90 Rhenium-188

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Impact of Pre-Radiotherapy and/or Chemoradiotherapy Hemoglobin Level on Response to Treatment in Laryngeal and Hypophayrngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2018年第4期9卷 362-381页

作者： Dina Ragab Diab Ibrahim Mohamed saad Hasaballah Marwa Mohamed El-Begermy Ahmed Abdel Aziz Ahmed Soha Ahmed Abuelela Clinical Oncology Department Faculty of Medicine Ain-Shams University Cairo Egypt Ear Nose Throat ENT Department Faculty of Medicine Ain-Shams University Cairo Egypt Clinical Pathology Department Ain-Shams University Cairo Egypt

Background: Anemia is reported by many studies as an important risk factor for poor locoregional disease control and survival in head and neck carcinoma. We aimed to study the frequency and prognostic effect of low hemoglobin (Hb) level in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) before radiotherapy (RT) and/or chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Material and Methods: We retrospectively studied the charts of 86 patients diagnosed with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal SCC in a university hospital in Cairo, Egypt. Based on the World Health Organization (WHO), anemia was diagnosed in males at Hb levels 13 g/dl in 44/75 (58.7%). Tumor sites were larynx in 77 (89.5%) and hypopharynx in 9 (10.5%) patients. Disease stage 3, 4 was common in 59/86 (68.6%) patients. Thirty-six (41.8%) patients had surgery. 13/86 (15.1%) patients received induction chemotherapy, while 31/86 (36.0%) had concomitant chemoradiotherapy. Radiotherapy was given in 65/86 (75.58%) patients. The mean RT dose was 66 Gy. Non-anemic patients had significant higher inci-dence of complete response (CR) to treatment (p = 0.034). 25.8% of male pa-tients with Hb 13 g/dl (p = 0.403). Female patients whether anemic or non-anemic had no recurrence (p = 0.036 and p = 0.403 respectively). The median duration of DFS and OS was 6.52 and 9.33 months respectively. Pretreatment Hb level had statistical significant effect on respons

关键词： Hemoglobin Radiotherapy Chemotherapy Tumor Hypoxia Local Control Survival

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Preparedness for handling injuries by female primary school teachers: A cross-sectional survey in Southwestern Saudi Arabia

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Journal of Acute Disease 2019年第6期8卷 239-244页

作者： Hafiz A Makeen Ahmed A Albarraq Otilia J F Banji Shamna Machanchery AbdulKarimMeraya saad Alqahtani Amal Abdullah Mubaraki David Banji Pharmacy Practice Research Unit Department of Clinical PharmacyCollege of PharmacyJazan UniversitySaudi Arabia

Objective:To assess the preparedness for handling injuries by female primary school teachers based on their knowledge,attitude,practice and their willingness to learn first ***:A cross-sectional questionnaire on first aid was provided to female primary school teachers,and the knowledge,attitude,practice and their willingness to learn first aid were *** were analyzed using SPSS version *** data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA,categorical variables were analyzed by the Chi-square *** level of significance was set at P<***:In total,464 teachers of different age groups and education *** mean knowledge score was low but the mean attitude score was *** consent was sought by one-fourth of the teachers,and 25.6%of teachers documented the health status of *** of the teachers desired to have a first aider,and they were keen on training(62.3%)and educating children(88.1%)on first *** scores were significantly impacted by age(P<0.05)and experience(P<0.01),while specialization impacted mean practice scores(P<0.001).Teachers'qualification(P<0.05),first action to be taken at the accident site(P<0.05),and frequency of training(P<0.05),were significantly associated with the need of a first ***:Based on the paucity of awareness and expertise,on priority basis,it is important to strengthen teachers'*** safety is an important public health issue and can be improved by educating and training teachers.

关键词： First aid School teachers Accidents Injury Child safety Female

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伊拉克城乡贫困现状分析及展望

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农业展望 2018年第11期14卷 35-39页

作者： Ammar saad 夏英张瑞涛中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所北京100081

伊拉克遭受连续战争造成许多经济问题,致使贫困现象成为伊拉克政府和社会面临的主要问题并在逐步恶化。通过阐述贫困的概念、成因、伊拉克地区贫困现状以及国家在教育、卫生、基础设施、住房和工作方面的基本需求进行描述。对伊拉克规划... 详细信息

伊拉克遭受连续战争造成许多经济问题,致使贫困现象成为伊拉克政府和社会面临的主要问题并在逐步恶化。通过阐述贫困的概念、成因、伊拉克地区贫困现状以及国家在教育、卫生、基础设施、住房和工作方面的基本需求进行描述。对伊拉克规划部/中央统计与信息技术部和穆迪数据库的有关数据整理发现,伊拉克地区贫困化现象严重。主要原因是管理不善、打击恐怖主义战争、前所未有的进口市场和消费的开放。对此,提出目前迫切需要政府制定降低贫困的措施。

关键词：伊拉克城乡贫困致贫原因展望

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The Effect of Several Service and Weathering Parameters on Tensile Properties of PVC Pipe Materials

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2012年第11期3卷 784-792页

作者： N. A. saad M. H. Al-Maamory M. R. Mohammed A. A. Hashim Sheffield Hallam University Materials and Engineering Research Institute Sheffield UK University of Babylon Faculty of Material Engineering Babylon Iraq

For water and sewer pipes, PVC is considered to be one of the best row materials. Due to its physical, chemical and industrial significant properties, PVC is commercially invited to be in the first position. Many other traditional raw materials;e.g. iron, concrete, polyethylene and vitrified clay (VC), are coming in second position. This work is conducted to study the tensile properties of two different types of PVC raw materials (named as gray and white) for water pipe manufacturing by implementing different test conditions. The samples were prepared by cutting off the pipe to an individual cross sectional size rings. Afterward, they were softened smoothly by heating the ring samples to obtain flat standard tensile test specimen. The influence of strain rate (crosshead speed), temperature and UV radiation on the tensile properties of PVC pipe’s row material were investigated. The selected experimental test temperatures are (28℃, 50℃ and 70℃), the selected crosshead speeds are (5, 50 and 100 mm/min) and the UV treatment exposure times are (168, 408, 744 and 1080) hours. The result shows that the gray PVC pipes have tensile strength greater than white PVC pipes. The yield stress and modulus of elasticity are directly proportion to strain rate and inversely proportion to the treatment temperature of both PVC samples. However, the fracture strain was increased with temperature and decreased with strain rate. UV treatment didn’t show a significant effect on the yield stress and modulus of elasticity. This is an indication of PVC long time stability.

关键词： PVC Mechanical Properties Material Treatments Stabilization

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Simple Quantitation of Flucytosine in Low Volume Serum Samples and Evaluation of Common Endogenous Interferences by HPLC-UV

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2022年第9期13卷 289-299页

作者： Abdul Rafiq Khan Ali Alothaim Waleed Tamimi Majid Alshaibani Souad Marwan Al Enazi Syed Muhammad saad Khalid Mohammed Khan Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine King Abdulaziz Medical City Riyadh KSA Department of Chemistry University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan

5-Fluorocytosine (5-FC) is used for the treatment of several infections. It is extremely important to monitor blood level concentration for maximum activity to avoid its side effects. A simple, faster, and more accurate analytical method is developed and validated using high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection in a very low-volume serum sample. Exactly 50 μL of serum was precipitated with 5% trichloroacetic acid. After mixing and centrifugation, 20 μL of supernatant was injected into the HPLC column. Detection was performed at 280 nm. The method is very specific and free from interfering substances due to different drugs and their different circulating metabolites. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 0.50 μg/L and 1.0 μg/L, respectively. The method was linear in the range of 5 - 150 μg/L in the serum sample. In method comparison, the correlation coefficient r2 was 0.999 and the percentage recovery was 90% - 105% on four levels of the quality control samples. Within run and between run precision was found to be less than 2.2% at four different concentrations (5, 25, 50, and 100 μg/L). A simple, faster, and more accurate HPLC-UV method is developed which is very useful for monitoring 5-FC concentration in low volume serum samples without evaporation step and ion exchange chromatography within minutes.

关键词： 5-Fluorocytosine Serum Sample HPLC-UV Method Quantification Validation

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Machine Learning Empowered Security and Privacy Architecture for IoT Networks with the Integration of Blockchain

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2024年第2期39卷 353-379页

作者： Sohaib Latif M.saad Bin Ilyas Azhar Imran Hamad Ali Abosaq Abdulaziz Alzubaidi Vincent Karovic Jr. Department of Computer Science The University of ChenabGujrat50700Pakistan Department of Creative Technologies Air UniversityIslamabad42000Pakistan Computer Science Department College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran66244Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Umm Alqura UniversityAlQunfudah28821Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Faculty of ManagementComenius University in BratislavaBratislava82005Slovakia

The Internet of Things(IoT)is growing rapidly and impacting almost every aspect of our lives,fromwearables and healthcare to security,traffic management,and fleet management *** has generated massive volumes of data and security,and data privacy risks are increasing with the advancement of technology and network *** access control solutions are inadequate for establishing access control in IoT systems to provide data protection owing to their vulnerability to single-point OF ***,conventional privacy preservation methods have high latency costs and overhead for resource-constrained *** machine learning approaches were also unable to detect denial-of-service(DoS)*** study introduced a novel decentralized and secure framework for blockchain *** avoid single-point OF failure,an accredited access control scheme is incorporated,combining blockchain with local peers to record each transaction and verify the signature to ***-based attribute-based cryptography is implemented to protect data storage privacy by generating threshold parameters,managing keys,and revoking users on the *** innovative contract-based DOS attack mitigation method is also incorporated to effectively validate devices with intelligent contracts as trusted or untrusted,preventing the server from becoming *** proposed framework effectively controls access,safeguards data privacy,and reduces the risk of *** results depict that the suggested framework outperforms the results in terms of accuracy,precision,sensitivity,recall,and F-measure at 96.9%,98.43%,98.8%,98.43%,and 98.4%,respectively.

关键词： Machine learning internet of things blockchain data privacy security Industry 4.0

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Enhanced Multi-Objective Grey Wolf Optimizer with Lévy Flight and Mutation Operators for Feature Selection

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第11期47卷 1937-1966页

作者： Qasem Al-Tashi Tareq M Shami Said Jadid Abdulkadir Emelia Akashah Patah Akhir Ayed Alwadain Hitham Alhussain Alawi Alqushaibi Helmi MD Rais Amgad Muneer Maliazurina B.saad Jia Wu Seyedali Mirjalili Department of Imaging Physics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA Department of Electronic Engineering University of YorkYorkYO105DDUK Computer and Information Sciences Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia Computer Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadhP.O.Box 145111Saudi Arabia Torrens University Australia BrisbaneQLDAustralia Yonsei Frontier Lab Yonsei UniversitySeoulKorea University Research and Innovation Center Obuda UniversityBudapest1034Hungary

The process of selecting features or reducing dimensionality can be viewed as a multi-objective minimization problem in which both the number of features and error rate must be *** it is a multi-objective problem,current methods tend to treat feature selection as a single-objective optimization *** paper presents enhanced multi-objective grey wolf optimizer with Lévy flight and mutation phase(LMuMOGWO)for tackling feature selection *** proposed approach integrates two effective operators into the existing Multi-objective Grey Wolf optimizer(MOGWO):a Lévy flight and a mutation *** Lévy flight,a type of random walk with jump size determined by the Lévy distribution,enhances the global search capability of MOGWO,with the objective of maximizing classification accuracy while minimizing the number of selected *** mutation operator is integrated to add more informative features that can assist in enhancing classification *** feature selection is a binary problem,the continuous search space is converted into a binary space using the sigmoid *** evaluate the classification performance of the selected feature subset,the proposed approach employs a wrapper-based Artificial Neural Network(ANN).The effectiveness of the LMuMOGWO is validated on 12 conventional UCI benchmark datasets and compared with two existing variants of MOGWO,BMOGWO-S(based sigmoid),BMOGWO-V(based tanh)as well as Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II(NSGA-II)and Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization(BMOPSO).The results demonstrate that the proposed LMuMOGWO approach is capable of successfully evolving and improving a set of randomly generated solutions for a given optimization ***,the proposed approach outperforms existing approaches in most cases in terms of classification error rate,feature reduction,and computational cost.

关键词： Feature selection multi-objective optimization grey wolf optimizer Lévy flight mutation classification

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Dose-dependent relationship between serum metformin levels and glycemic control, insulin resistance and leptin levels in females newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2012年第2期2卷 179-185页

作者： Kadhim Ali Kadhim Dowser Khalil Ismael Ban Hoshi Khalaf Khalid Ibrahim Hussein Munaf Hashim Zalzala saad Abdulrahman Hussain Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Pharmacy Al-Mustansriya University Baghdad Iraq Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology College of Pharmacy University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq Specialized Center for Endocrinology and Diabetes Baghdad Iraq

Despite the extensive clinical experience with the use of metformin worldwide, no formal dose-ranging study has been conducted because the current dosing strategy of metformin was determined empirically, rather than by an understanding of its dose-response relationship in patients with type 2 diabetes. The present study was designed to evaluate the correlation between serum metformin levels and glycemic control, insulin resistance and leptin levels in females newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Sixty type 2 diabetic females were recruited for the study and were allocated into 3 groups;each receiving metformin 1000, 1500 and 2000 mg/day respectively for 3 months. Blood samples withdrawn from each patient at zero time and after 3 months is used to evaluate serum levels of HbA1c, glucose, leptin and insulin, in addition, the measurement of serum level of metformin in blood after 3 months by HPLC. The results demonstrated that all the treated groups with different doses of metformin showed significant improve in all parameters;the use of increased metformin doses was only correlated with plasma leptin levels in the highest dose. In conclusion, serum metformin levels are not good predictors for correlating improvement in clinical and biochemical parameters with increasing the dose in newly diagnosed non-insulin resistant females with type 2 diabetes.

关键词： Type2 Diabetes Mellitus Leptin BMI Serum Metformin Glycemic Control

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