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Contrast Normalization Strategies in Brain Tumor Imaging:From Preprocessing to Classification

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1539-1562页

作者： samar m.Alqhtani Toufique A.Soomro Faisal Bin Ubaid Ahmed Ali muhammad Irfan Abdullah A.Asiri Department of Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Electronic Engineering The University of LarkanoLarkanaSindh75660Pakistan Computer Science Department Sukkur IBA UniversitySukkurSindh65200Pakistan Eletrical Engineering Department Sukkur IBA UniversitySukkurSindh65200Pakistan Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Radiological Sciences Department College of Applied Medical SciencesNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia

Cancer-related to the nervous system and brain tumors is a leading cause of mortality in various *** resonance imaging(mRI)and computed tomography(CT)are utilized to capture brain *** plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of brain tumors and the examination of other brain ***,manual assessment of mRI images by radiologists or experts is performed to identify brain tumors and abnormalities in the early stages for timely ***,early diagnosis of brain tumors is intricate,necessitating the use of computerized *** research introduces an innovative approach for the automated segmentation of brain tumors and a framework for classifying different regions of brain *** proposed methods consist of a pipeline with several stages:preprocessing of brain images with noise removal based on Wiener Filtering,enhancing the brain using Principal Component Analysis(PCA)to obtain well-enhanced images,and then segmenting the region of interest using the Fuzzy C-means(FCm)clustering technique in the third *** final step involves classification using the Support Vector machine(SVm)*** classifier is applied to various types of brain tumors,such as meningioma and pituitary tumors,utilizing the Contrast-Enhanced magnetic Resonance Imaging(CE-mRI)*** proposed method demonstrates significantly improved contrast and validates the effectiveness of the classification framework,achieving an average sensitivity of 0.974,specificity of 0.976,accuracy of 0.979,and a Dice Score(DSC)of ***,this method exhibits a shorter processing time of 0.44 s compared to existing *** performance of this method emphasizes its significance when compared to state-of-the-art methods in terms of sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,and *** enhance the method further in the future,it is feasible to standardize the approach by incorporating a set of classifiers to increase the robustness of the brain classi

关键词： Brain tumor magnetic resonance imaging principal component analysis fuzzy c-clustering support vector machine

Phosphoric Acid Pretreatment and Saccharification of Paper Sludge as a Renewable material for Cellulosic Fibers

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Journal of Renewable materials 2024年第9期12卷 1573-1591页

作者： samar El-mekkawi Wafaa Abou-Elseoud Shaimaa Fadel Enas Hassan mohammad Hassan Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Department National Research CentreDokkiGiza12622Egypt Cellulose and Paper Department National Research CentreDokkiGiza12622Egypt

Recycling of paper sludge waste is crucial for establishing a sustainable green *** waste contains valuable sugars that can be converted into important chemicals such as ethanol,poly hydroxybutyrate,and lactic ***,the main challenge in obtaining sugars in high yield from paper sludge is the high crystallinity of cellulose,which hinders *** address this,pretreatment using phosphoric acid was optimized using response surface methodology to facilitate cellulose hydrolysis with minimal energy and *** created prediction model using the response surface method considered factors such as acid concentration(ranging from 60%to 85%),consistency(ranging from 4%to 10%),temperature(ranging from 25℃to 80℃),and time(ranging from 0.5 to 4 h).The results revealed that the model’s significant factors affecting the yield were acid concentration,reaction time,temperature,and the product of acid concentration and temperature,while the model’s significant factors affecting the crystallinity were the consistency,the temperature,and their *** results showed that the optimum conditions for pretreatment were using an acid concentration of 64%,temperature of 25℃,consistency of 10%,and time of 30 *** hydrolysis of the conditionally pretreated paper sludge resulted in a weight loss of 42%,compared to only 18%weight loss in non-pretreated paper ***,the optimized conditions led to low levels of furfurals and acetic acid,which are undesirable by-products that can interfere with sugar *** total sugar obtained under the optimized conditions was 0.43 g glucose/g sample(10.46 g/L),while the contents of methyl furfural,furfural,and acetic acid were 21.65,235.7,and 4.57 mg/L,*** study demonstrates the potential of phosphoric acid for pretreatment and hydrolysis of paper sludge,enabling efficient saccharification and the production of sugars with minimal undesired by-products.

关键词： Waste valorization fermentable sugars response surface methodology acid hydrolysis cellulose crystallinity

Unique presentation of neonatal liver failure:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 221-226页

作者： Eman Al Atrash Amer Azaz samar Said mohammad miqdady Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric GastroenterologySheikh Khalifa Medical CityAbu Dhabi 971United Arab Emirates Department of Pathology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

BACKGROUND Acute fulminant liver failure rarely occurs in the neonatal *** etiologies include viral infection(15%),metabolic/genetic disease(10%),hematologic disorders(15%),and ischemic injury(5%).Gestational alloimmune liver disease usually manifests as severe neonatal liver failure,with extensive hepatic and extrahepatic iron overload,sparing the reticuloendothelial *** liver failure is a rare cause of liver failure where a patient presents with liver failure in the neonatal period with no hepatocytes in liver *** SUmmARY A 5-week-old male presented with *** examination revealed an alert but deeply icteric *** data demonstrated direct hyperbilirubinemia,a severely deranged coagulation profile,normal transaminase,and normal *** resonance imaging of the abdomen was suggestive of perinatal *** biopsy showed histiocytic infiltration with an absence of *** hemosiderin deposition was identified in a buccal mucosa *** Neonatal liver failure in the absence of hepatocellular regeneration potentially reflects an acquired or inborn defect in the regulation of hepatic regeneration.

关键词： Liver Hyperbilirubinemia Le foie vide Neonatal hemochromatosis Case report

Case Report and Clinical management of a Case of Osteogenesis Imperfecta Detected in the Prenatal Period

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第7期14卷 996-1002页

作者： Amina Chaieb Oumayma Ben Rejeb samar Knaz Yasmine Ben Ali Syrine Chelly Safia Ernez mouna Derouiche Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Farhat Hached University Hospital Sousse Tunisia Faculty of medicine Ibn Al Jazzar University of Sousse Sousse Tunisia

Osteogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary disease characterized by bone fragility due to a defect in type I collagen synthesis. The diagnosis is typically suspected based on suggestive ultrasound findings and confirmed through genetic studies. We present a case of osteogenesis imperfecta suspected during obstetrical ultrasound at 19 weeks’ gestation, which was later confirmed radiographically through computed tomography. Due to the severity of the condition, therapeutic termination of pregnancy was indicated.

关键词： Osteogenesis Imperfecta Ultrasound Screening Antenatal Diagnosis

An Automated Real-Time Face mask Detection System Using Transfer Learning with Faster-RCNN in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 4151-4166页

作者： maha Farouk S.Sabir Irfan mehmood Wafaa Adnan alsaggaf Enas Fawai Khairullah samar Alhuraiji Ahmed S.Alghamdi Ahmed A.Abd El-Latif Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversitySaudi Arabia Centre for Visual Computing Faculty of Engineering and InformaticsUniversity of BradfordBradfordU.K Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahP.O.Box 23713Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Cybersecurity College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahSaudi Arabia Department of mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of ScienceMenoufia University32511Egypt

Today,due to the pandemic of COVID-19 the entire world is facing a serious health *** to the World Health Organization(WHO),people in public places should wear a face mask to control the rapid transmission of *** governmental bodies of different countries imposed that wearing a face mask is compulsory in public ***,it is very difficult to manually monitor people in overcrowded *** research focuses on providing a solution to enforce one of the important preventative measures of COVID-19 in public places,by presenting an automated system that automatically localizes masked and unmasked human faces within an image or video of an area which assist in this outbreak of *** paper demonstrates a transfer learning approach with the Faster-RCNN model to detect faces that are masked or *** proposed framework is built by fine-tuning the state-of-the-art deep learning model,Faster-RCNN,and has been validated on a publicly available dataset named Face mask Dataset(FmD)and achieving the highest average precision(AP)of 81%and highest average Recall(AR)of 84%.This shows the strong robustness and capabilities of the Faster-RCNN model to detect individuals with masked and un-masked ***,this work applies to real-time and can be implemented in any public service area.

关键词： COIVD-19 deep learning faster-RCNN object detection transfer learning face mask

Refined rigorous perturbation bounds for the SR decomposition

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Applied mathematics:A Journal of Chinese Universities 2021年第4期36卷 537-553页

作者： mahvish samar Aamir Farooq Department of mathematics Shantou University College of mathematics and Statistics Chongqing University

In this article, some new rigorous perturbation bounds for the SR decomposition under normwise or componentwise perturbations for a given matrix are derived. Also, the explicit expressions for the mixed and componentwise condition numbers are presented by utilizing the block matrix-vector equation approach. Hypothetical and trial results demonstrate that these new bounds are constantly more tightly than the comparing ones in the literature.

关键词： 65F35 15A23 15A57 SR decomposition Rigorous perturbation bound Lyapunov majorant function Banach fixed point theorem mixed and componentwise condition numbers

A Hybrid model for Reliability Aware and Energy-Efficiency in multicore Systems

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 4447-4466页

作者： samar Nour Sameh A.Salem Shahira m.Habashy Department of Computer and Systems Engineering Faculty of EngineeringHelwan UniversityCairo11792Egypt Egyptian Computer Emergency Readiness Team(EG-CERT) National Telecom Regulatory Authority(NTRA)Cairo12577Egypt

Recently,multicore systems use Dynamic Voltage/Frequency Scaling(DV/FS)technology to allow the cores to operate with various voltage and/or frequencies than other cores to save power and enhance the *** this paper,an effective and reliable hybridmodel to reduce the energy and makespan in multicore systems is *** proposed hybrid model enhances and integrates the greedy approach with dynamic programming to achieve optimal Voltage/Frequency(Vmin/F)***,the allocation process is applied based on the *** hybrid model consists of three *** first stage gets the optimum safe voltage while the second stage sets the level of energy efficiency,and finally,the third is the allocation *** results on various benchmarks show that the proposed model can generate optimal solutions to save energy while minimizing the makespan *** with other competitive algorithms show that the proposed model provides on average 48%improvements in energy-saving and achieves an 18%reduction in computation time while ensuring a high degree of system reliability.

关键词： Energy-efficiency safe voltage multicore processors core utilization dynamic voltage/frequency scaling makespan

Unsupervised neural network model optimized with evolutionary computations for solving variants of nonlinear mHD Jeffery-Hamel problem

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2015年第12期36卷 1611-1638页

作者： m.A.Z.RAJA R.samar T.HAROON S.m.SHAH Department of Electrical Engineering COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Mohammad Ali Jinnah University Department of mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology

A heuristic technique is developed for a nonlinear magnetohydrodynamics （mHD） Jeffery-Hamel problem with the help of the feed-forward artificial neural net- work （ANN） optimized with the genetic algorithm （GA） and the sequential quadratic programming （SQP） method. The twodimensional （2D） mHD Jeffery-Hamel problem is transformed into a higher order boundary value problem （BVP） of ordinary differential equations （ODEs）. The mathematical model of the transformed BVP is formulated with the ANN in an unsupervised manner. The training of the weights of the ANN is carried out with the evolutionary calculation based on the GA hybridized with the SQP method for the rapid local convergence. The proposed scheme is evaluated on the variants of the Jeffery-Hamel flow by varying the Reynold number, the Hartmann number, and the an- gles of the walls. A large number of simulations are performed with an extensive analysis to validate the accuracy, convergence, and effectiveness of the scheme. The comparison of the standard numerical solution and the analytic solution establishes the correctness of the proposed designed methodologies.

关键词： Jeffery-Hamel problem neural network genetic algorithm (GA) nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) hybrid technique sequential quadratic programming

A need for stratification of metastasis samples according to secondary site in gene expression studies

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BIOCELL 2022年第7期46卷 1747-1750页

作者： IVANA samarŽIJA Laboratory for Epigenomics Division of Molecular MedicineRuđer BoškovićInstituteZagreb10000Croatia Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signaling Division of Molecular BiologyRuđer BoškovićInstituteZagreb10000Croatia

Comparisons of gene expression profiles between primary tumors and metastasis have revealed genes that are implicated in metastasis ***,gene expression studies conducted on metastasis samples from the same primary site usually do not discriminate between different secondary *** the change in the expression of number of genes is expected to be common to metastasis from the same primary but different secondary sites,herein the data that point to substantial differences are ***,the reciprocal communication between metastatic and host cells that is influencing these differences is outlined to emphasize the need for stratification of metastasis samples in gene expression studies.

关键词： Bone metastasis Brain metastasis Liver metastasis Lung metastases Gene expression