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mHC class Ⅰ-independent activation of virtual memory CD8 T cells induced by chemotherapeutic agent-treated cancer cells

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2021年第3期18卷 723-734页

作者： Xiaoguang Wang Brittany C.Waschke Rachel A.Woolaver samantha m.y.chen Zhangguo chen Jing H.Wang Department of Immunology and microbiology University of ColoradoAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045USA

Cancer cells can evade immune recognition by losing major histocompatibility complex(mHC)class Ⅰ.Hence,mHC class Ⅰ-negative cancers represent the most challenging cancers to *** drugs not only directly kill tumors but also modulate the tumor immune microenvironment However,it remains unknown whether chemotherapy-treated cancer cells can activate CD8 T cells independent of tumor-derived mHC class Ⅰ and whether such mHC class Ⅰ-independent CD8 T-cell activation can be exploited for cancer ***,we showed that chemotherapy-treated cancer cells directly activated CD8 T cells in an mHC class Ⅰ-independent manner and that these activated CD8 T cells exhibit virtual memory(Vm)***,in vivo chemotherapeutic treatment preferentially increased tumor-infiltrating Vm CD8 T ***,mHC class Ⅰ-independent activation of CD8 T cells requires cell-cell contact and activation of the PI3K *** CD8 T cells contribute to a superior therapeutic effect on mHC class Ⅰ-deficient *** humanized mouse models or primary human CD8 T cells,we also demonstrated that chemotherapy-treated human lymphomas activated Vm CD8 T cells independent of tumor-derived mHC class Ⅰ.In conclusion,CD8 T cells can be directly activated in an mHC class Ⅰ-independent manner by chemotherapy-treated cancers,and these activated CD8 T cells may be exploited for developing new strategies to treat mHC class Ⅰ-deficient cancers.

关键词： DNA-damaging agents B-cell lymphomas virtual memory CD8 T cells cancer immunotherapy mHC classⅠ

Do you Know The Slang?

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英语角 2024年第15期 34-35页

作者： samantha 不详

嘿,对不起我迟到了!我的电动车出了点问题,我不得不坐公交车过来。说实话,它"driveme up the wall"!我准备把它卖掉买辆新的。

关键词：电动车公交车说实话

Explainable Artificial Intelligence(XAI)model for Cancer Image Classification

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第10期141卷 401-441页

作者： Amit Singhal Krishna Kant Agrawal Angeles Quezada Adrian Rodriguez Aguiñaga samantha Jiménez Satya Prakash yadav Department of Computer Science&Engineering Raj Kumar Goel Institute of TechnologyGhaziabad201017India Department of School of Computing Science and Engineering Galgotias UniversityGreater Noida203201India Tecnológico Nacional de méxico Campus Tijuana Baja California22414México Universidad Autónoma de Baja California TijuanaBaja California22414México Department of Computer Science and Engineering G.LBajaj Institute of Technology and Management(GLBITM)Affiliated to Dr.A.P.J.Abdul Kalam Technical UniversityLucknow201306India School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology(SCSET) Bennett UniversityGreater Noida201310India

The use of Explainable Artificial Intelligence(XAI)models becomes increasingly important for making decisions in smart healthcare *** is to make sure that decisions are based on trustworthy algorithms and that healthcare workers understand the decisions made by these *** models can potentially enhance interpretability and explainability in decision-making processes that rely on artificial ***,the intricate nature of the healthcare field necessitates the utilization of sophisticated models to classify cancer *** research presents an advanced investigation of XAI models to classify cancer *** describes the different levels of explainability and interpretability associated with XAI models and the challenges faced in deploying them in healthcare *** addition,this study proposes a novel framework for cancer image classification that incorporates XAI models with deep learning and advanced medical imaging *** proposed model integrates several techniques,including end-to-end explainable evaluation,rule-based explanation,and useradaptive *** proposed XAI reaches 97.72%accuracy,90.72%precision,93.72%recall,96.72%F1-score,9.55%FDR,9.66%FOR,and 91.18%*** will discuss the potential applications of the proposed XAI models in the smart healthcare *** will help ensure trust and accountability in AI-based decisions,which is essential for achieving a safe and reliable smart healthcare environment.

关键词： Explainable artificial intelligence artificial intelligence XAI healthcare cancer image classification

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自信说英语!

英语角 2024年第18期 36-37页

作者： samantha 不详

Getting Up快起床mum:Wake up Julia!Rise and shine(该起床了)!Julia:Urh,it's so ***'s not even light ***:That's beside the point;it's time to get ***:I'm so warm and cozy(舒服的)in bed.I wish I could stay here!

关键词： shine Julia get

Implementation of a New Solution for the Preservation of Anatomical Specimens made of Non-Toxic Substances

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Open Journal of Veterinary medicine 2024年第3期14卷 56-67页

作者： ma Reyes Pichardo-molinero samantha Jardon-Xicotencatl misael R. Oliver-González Carlos G. García-Tovar Laboratorio de Apoyo Técnico a la Anatomía Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Estado de México Mexico Unidad de Investigación multidisciplinaria L4 (morfología Veterinaria y Biología Celular) Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Estado de México Mexico

The preservation of anatomical pieces in Veterinary Anatomy is essential since it is not possible to dissect all domestic species. most techniques use reagents with high levels of toxicity such as formaldehyde. The objective of this work was to develop a new preservation technique that uses reagents with zero toxicity and that allows obtaining preserved pieces suitable for anatomical studies. The alcohol propylene glycol technique was developed, the method of which uses a fixation step with alcohol, sodium chloride, commercial vinegar and subsequently the impregnation of the preservation solution made from propylene glycol and commercial vinegar, which are non-toxic. As a result of this work, adequately preserved sheep hearts were obtained that preserved their morphology with slight changes in size and weight, which did not affect their external and internal anatomical structure. Its coloration was not substantially affected, remaining a little lighter. The pieces obtained showed flexibility which allowed dissections to be carried out. The time to develop the technique was 20 days. A comparative study was carried out with the phenolated glycerin technique that uses toxic reagents (formaldehyde and phenol) and the pieces obtained with the alcohol propylene glycol technique were of better quality, observing that the pieces with phenolated glycerin tend to darken and are more rigid. And the time to develop the technique is 24 days. In conclusion, a preservation technique for anatomical pieces was developed that allowed the preservation of the organs under study, which allow their use for anatomical studies, and which have been preserved without changes until the time of this publication (8 months) and there are pieces preserved with this technique for 2 years.

关键词： Veterinary Anatomy Heart Preservation Techniques Alcohol Propylene Glycol Technique Fixation Necropsy Toxic Chemicals

Descriptive and Comparative Histology of the Urinary System of the Hematophagous Bats Desmodus rotundus and Diphylla ecaudata

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Open Journal of Veterinary medicine 2024年第7期14卷 180-191页

作者： maría Guadalupe Ramírez-muñoz samantha Jardon-Xicotencatl José Ignacio Olave-Leyva Armando Zepeda-Bastida Juan Ocampo-López Histology and Histopathology Laboratory Academic Area Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics Academic Area Veterinary Biotechnology Institute of Agricultural Sciences Autonomous University of the Hidalgo State (UAEH) Tulancingo Mexico multidisciplinary Research Unit L4 (Veterinary morphology and Cell Biology) UNAM-FESC Campus 4 Cuautitln Izcalli Mexico Academic Area Veterinary medicine and Zootechnics Institute of Agricultural Sciences Autonomous University of the Hidalgo State (UAEH) Tulancingo Mexico Cellular and molecular Biology Laboratory Academic Area Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics Institute of Agricultural Sciences Autonomous University of the Hidalgo State (UAEH) Tulancingo Mexico

Desmodus rotundus and Diphylla ecaudata, both of which are mammals of the order Chiroptera, Desmodontidae family, their diet consisting exclusively of blood. D. rotundus is the main vector and transmitter of the rabies virus, which affects human beings as well as several livestock species so the study of this bat species is of high importance within the fields of animal agriculture and public health. The present study describes and compares the histologic characteristics of the urinary system of two hematophagous bat species. A total of 5 bats from each species were captured in the municipalities of Progreso de Obregón, Hidalgo (D. rotundus), and Huayacocotla, Veracruz (D. ecaudata). Organs belonging to the urinary system were extracted: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra;samples were fixed using 10% formalin and processed by the paraffin embedding technique, obtaining sections of 5 µm thickness, which in turn were stained using hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) and Gomori trichrome (GT) stains. From the obtained histologic preparations, a descriptive and comparative analysis of the structural organography of the urinary system of both species was made, and no noteworthy histological differences between samples were noted. The present research is intended to provide a framework for future studies of these species’ currently understudied microscopic anatomy.

关键词： microscopic Anatomy Vampire Bats Kidneys Comparative morphology

more accurate reporting of surgical techniques would be SUPER

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第4期12卷 628-630页

作者： samantha m.Ruff Timothy m.Pawlik Division of Surgical Oncology Department of SurgeryThe Ohio State UniversityWexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA

Surgical education entails learning to care for patients in and out of the operating ***,this encompasses everything from the preoperative work-up to managing potential postoperative *** the operating room,surgical technique includes common,widely applicable skills,like how to square a knot,but also the more nuanced anatomical considerations of each operation,intra-operative decision-making,and ways to adapt when faced with the ***,surgical technique was taught through the apprenticeship model with knowledge passed down from attending to trainee and through textbooks written by surgical *** mode of learning/teaching is still the enduring structure of most residency programs.

关键词： Surgical technique reporting guidelines education

Fluorinated Covalent Organic Frameworks Coupled with molecular Cobalt Cocatalysts for Efficient Photocatalytic CO_(2)Reduction

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CCS Chemistry 2023年第10期5卷 2290-2300页

作者： Zhiwei Fu Chang Shu Xiaoyan Wang Linjiang chen Xue Wang Lunjie Liu Kewei Wang Rob Clowes samantha y.Chong Xiaofeng Wu Andrew I.Cooper Department of Chemistry and materials Innovation Factory University of LiverpoolLiverpool L73NY Key Laboratory of material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service FailureSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430074 School of Chemistry and School of Computer Science University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TT Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional materials Design University of LiverpoolLiverpool L73NY Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanxi Datong UniversityDatong 037009

The combination of covalent organic framework(COF)photosensitizers with molecular cocatalysts is a promising avenue for photocatalytic carbon dioxide(CO_(2))***,a series of isostructural COFs was synthesized using linkers of different lengths,with or without partial *** COFs were investigated for photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction under visible-light irradiation when combined with cobalt(II)bipyridine complexes as a *** was found to enhance both CO_(2)affinity and catalytic activity,and a partially fluorinated COF,FBP-COF,achieved the highest CO_(2)-to-CO conversion efficiency,showing a carbon monoxide(CO)generation rate of 2.08 mmol h−1 g−1 and a 90%CO ***-COF also showed good stability under sacrificial conditions,generating CO for 50 h with a turnover number of *** activity is much higher than a homogeneous system using ruthenium bipyridine complexes as the photosensitizer combined with the same cobalt bipyridine complexes.

关键词： carbon dioxide conversion photocatalysis covalent organic frameworks fluorinated solar energy conversion

Does orthotics use improve comfort,speed and injury rate during running?Preliminary analysis of a randomised control trial

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第7期13卷 652-661页

作者： Alice E Fortune Jonathan m G Sims samantha J Rhodes George Ampat School of medicine University of LiverpoolLiverpool L693GEUnited Kingdom Research Unit Talita Cumi LtdSouthport PR83NSUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Evidence regarding the effectiveness of using orthotics in improving comfort,increasing running speed and helping to reduce injury rate during running is limited and *** the increasing popularity of running is the increasing rate of running-related injuries(RRIs).Further research into whether orthotics could be used to help reduce RRIs would be highly beneficial for those ***,there is a need to clarify whether orthotics use increases comfort during running and helps improve running *** To investigate whether running with Aetrex Orthotics improves comfort and performance and reduces injury whilst *** Runners were recruited on a voluntary basis if they were 18 or older with no serious health conditions,ongoing foot pain or deformity,previous foot surgery in their lifetime or any surgery in the past 6 *** were randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control *** participants were asked to complete runs and provide quantitative data regarding comfort during running,running time and distance,and any RRIs over an 8-wk study *** in the intervention group ran with Aetrex L700 Speed Orthotics,whilst participants in the control group ran without *** than the addition of orthotics for participants in the intervention group,all participants were asked to run as they usually *** report presents preliminary data from the first 47 participants recruited for this *** speed was calculated from running distance and time and given in miles per *** each outcome variable,the mean for each group,effect size and 95%confidence interval were calculated,and a t-test was performed to determine if between-group differences were statistically *** Data for all three primary outcomes was provided from a total of 254 runs by the 23 participants in the intervention group and a total of 289 runs by the 24 participants in the control ***

关键词： Running Foot orthoses Running related injuries Pain Patient comfort Athletic performance