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质疑的自信

科学新闻 2023年第5期 58-59页

作者： samantha j.Butler 倪伟波加州大学洛杉矶分校

一次研究报告结束后，我站起来提问，一切几乎和往常一样，但我很紧张。从开启职业生涯那一刻起，大脑一直在警告我，发表意见不会有什么好结果。这些年来，我已经学会了如何表现出自信，但在开始说话的那一刻，我仍然会质疑自己所提出...

一次研究报告结束后，我站起来提问，一切几乎和往常一样，但我很紧张。从开启职业生涯那一刻起，大脑一直在警告我，发表意见不会有什么好结果。这些年来，我已经学会了如何表现出自信，但在开始说话的那一刻，我仍然会质疑自己所提出的问题的有效性。但我也知道，一个深刻的问题是无价的。我希望自己演讲时能收到这样的问题，我也教学生们去了解这些问题。所以，我让演讲者把幻灯片倒回去，并花几分钟时间仔细研究。我提出了另一种假设，但演讲者表示不同意。

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Segmented sedentary time and physical activity patterns throughout the week from wrist-worn ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers among children 7-12 years old

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第2期9卷 179-188页

作者： Gillian McLellan Rosie Arthur samantha Donnelly Duncan S.Buchan School of Health and Life Sciences The University of the West of ScotlandInstitute of Clinical Exercise and Health ScienceBlantyreG72 OLHScotlandUK

Background:This study examined the volume and patterns of physical activity(PA) and sedentary time(ST) across different segments of the week among boys and ***:A total of 188 children aged 7-12 years wore a wrist-mounted ActiGraph GT3 X+accelerometer for 7 *** spent in PA and ST was calculated using ActiLife *** mean number of minutes of light PA,moderate PA,vigorous PA,moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA),and ST were calculated per weekday(before school,during school,and after school) and per weekend day(morning and afternoon-evening).Results:After school represented the greatest accumulation of ST compared with before school and during school *** engaged in225.4 min/day of ST(95% confidence interval(CI):216-235),and girls engaged in 222.2 min/day of ST(95%CI:213-231).During school,boys engaged in significantly more MVPA than girls(46.1 min/day(95%CI:44-48) vs.40.7 min/day(95%CI:39-43)).Across the whole weekday,boys participated in significantly more MVPA than girls(103.9 min/day(95%CI:99-109) vs.95.7 min/day(95%CI:90-101)).The weekend afternoon—evening segment represented the larger accumulation of ST,where boys were significantly more sedentary than girls(367.5 min/day(95%CI:353-382) vs.339.8 min/day(95%CI:325-355),respectively).Conclusion:Our findings suggest that children are highly sedentary and spend little of their time in school in MVPA,especially *** breaks in school elicit increases in light PA and *** work should consider the use of more active breaks within school time to encourage PA and reduce ST.

关键词： Accelerometry School Segments Weekday Youth

European Species of Hebeloma Section Theobromina

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第1期58卷 103-126页

作者： Ursula Eberhardt Henry j.Beker jan Vesterholt Karolina Dukik Grit Walther jordi Vila samantha Fernández Brime CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre Centraalbureau voor SchimmelculturesUppsalalaan 83584 CT UtrechtNetherlands Rue Père de Deken 19 1040 BruxellesBelgium Natural History Museum of Denmark Gothersgade 1301123 Copenhagen K.Denmark Microbial Resource Collection Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute and Institute of MicrobiologyDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular BiologyUniversity of JenaBeutenbergstraße 11a07745 JenaGermany Department Biologia Vegetal(Botànica) Fac.BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaDiagonal 64508028 BarcelonaSpain

This paper addresses section Theobromina within the genus Hebeloma(Agaricales).We recognise seven European species within this section,three of which are described as new:Hebeloma alboerumpens,*** and *** first two of these species appear to be ectomycorrhizal with Cistaceae:Cistus and *** parvicystidiatum is more likely to be in mycorrhizal association with Quercus *** also provide a key to the European species within *** and an updated key of known Hebeloma associates of *** analyses based on multiple loci further illustrate the distinctness of the newly described taxa and provide molecular evidence,supporting the morphological evidence,for the relationship that exists among species of this *** ITS is the only one from the sequenced loci that,alongside with morphology,distinguishes among all of the species of *** section gains most of its molecular support from the MCM7 locus,followed by RPB2.

关键词： Host specificity Fungi Hebeloma plesiocistum Hebeloma theobrominum Hebeloma vesterholtii DNA barcode

Fluorinated Covalent Organic Frameworks Coupled with Molecular Cobalt Cocatalysts for Efficient Photocatalytic CO_(2)Reduction

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CCS Chemistry 2023年第10期5卷 2290-2300页

作者： Zhiwei Fu Chang Shu Xiaoyan Wang Linjiang Chen Xue Wang Lunjie Liu Kewei Wang Rob Clowes samantha Y.Chong Xiaofeng Wu Andrew I.Cooper Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory University of LiverpoolLiverpool L73NY Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service FailureSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430074 School of Chemistry and School of Computer Science University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TT Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design University of LiverpoolLiverpool L73NY Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanxi Datong UniversityDatong 037009

The combination of covalent organic framework(COF)photosensitizers with molecular cocatalysts is a promising avenue for photocatalytic carbon dioxide(CO_(2))***,a series of isostructural COFs was synthesized using linkers of different lengths,with or without partial *** COFs were investigated for photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction under visible-light irradiation when combined with cobalt(II)bipyridine complexes as a *** was found to enhance both CO_(2)affinity and catalytic activity,and a partially fluorinated COF,FBP-COF,achieved the highest CO_(2)-to-CO conversion efficiency,showing a carbon monoxide(CO)generation rate of 2.08 mmol h−1 g−1 and a 90%CO ***-COF also showed good stability under sacrificial conditions,generating CO for 50 h with a turnover number of *** activity is much higher than a homogeneous system using ruthenium bipyridine complexes as the photosensitizer combined with the same cobalt bipyridine complexes.

关键词： carbon dioxide conversion photocatalysis covalent organic frameworks fluorinated solar energy conversion

NK cell detachment from target cells is regulated by successful cytotoxicity and influences cytokine production

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第4期17卷 347-355页

作者： Moritz Anft Petra Netter Doris Urlaub Isabel Prager samantha Schaffner Carsten Watzl IfADo-Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors Technical University DortmundDortmundGermany University of British Columbia VancouverBCCanada

Natural killer(NK)cells participate in early immune defenses against pathogens and tumors and play a major role as immune effector and regulatory *** NK cell-mediated elimination of an infected or cancerous cell is a highly regulated process that requires the formation of a cell contact,the establishment of an immunological synapse and the polarization and release of lytic ***,the detachment of NK cells from target cells is important for NK cells to bind and kill other cells in a process called serial ***,very little is known about this detachment ***,we show that NK detachment is directly connected to the successful killing of a target *** inhibition of killing due to reduced NK cell cytotoxicity or increased target cell resistance results in defective detachment and prolonged contact *** effect leads to sustained Ca^(2+) flux in NK cells and the hypersecretion of proinflammatory *** defective cytotoxicity with enhanced cytokine secretion via reduced detachment may explain inflammatory pathologies in several diseases.

关键词： Cellular cytotoxicity immunological synapse adhesion

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动物趣闻——鲸鱼

英语角 2022年第21期 36-37页

作者： samantha 不详

地球并不独属于人类,我们还与许许多多的动物们共享地球。今年,“EC百科讲堂”将带小朋友们踏上探索的旅程,认识世界各地的奇妙动物。快跟上QQ姐姐的脚步吧!Despite being sea creatures(生物),whales are air-breathing mammals(哺乳动... 详细信息

地球并不独属于人类,我们还与许许多多的动物们共享地球。今年,“EC百科讲堂”将带小朋友们踏上探索的旅程,认识世界各地的奇妙动物。快跟上QQ姐姐的脚步吧!Despite being sea creatures(生物),whales are air-breathing mammals(哺乳动物).

关键词： spite breathing QQ

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动物趣闻——蛙

英语角 2022年第9期 24-25页

作者： samantha 不详

地球并不独属于人类,我们还与许许多多的动物们共享地球。今年,“EC百科讲堂”将带小朋友们继续踏上探索的旅程,认识世界各地的奇妙动物。快跟上QQ姐姐的脚步吧!After they are born,frogs undergo(经历)an amazing transformation(转变).

关键词： frog transformation QQ

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不同寻常的植物——猴面包树

英语角 2023年第28期 18-19页

作者： samantha 不详

Have you ever seen an"upside-down tree"?That's the nickname of the baobab *** course,they aren't really upside-down,but why do they have this strange shape?

关键词： tree. shape really

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世界土壤日

英语角 2023年第34期 20-21页

作者： samantha 不详

我们生活的地球家园,正在面临前所未有的挑战。大气和水源遭受污染,资源也在逐渐遇乏。因此,让我们一起行动起来,保护环境、珍惜资源,爱护这颗美丽的蓝色星球!

关键词：地球家园珍惜资源保护环境蓝色星球