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Impacts of ocean acidification under multiple stressors on typical organisms and ecological processes

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2020年第3期2卷 279-291页

作者： Kunshan Gao Guang Gao Youji Wang sam Dupont State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University Ministry of Science and TechnologyShanghai 201306China Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences(BioEnv) University of GothenburgThe Sven Loven Centre for Marine Infrastructure-Kristineberg45178 FiskebackskilSweden

The oceans are taking up over one million tons of fossil CO_(2) per hour,resulting in increased/ρCO_(2) and declining pH,leading to ocean acidification(OA).At the same time,accumulation of CO_(2) and other greenhouse gases is causing ocean warming,which enhances stratification with thinned upper mixed layers,exposing planktonic organisms to increasing levels of daytime integrated UV *** warming also reduces dissolved oxygen in seawater,resulting in ocean *** these ocean global changes are impacting marine ecosystems and effects are well documented for each individual driver(pH,oxygen,temperature,UV).However,combined effects are still poorly understood,strongly limiting our ability to project impacts at regional or local *** regions are often exposed(and often adapted)to contrastingly different physical and chemical environmental conditions and organisms,and ecosystems from different parts of the world will be exposed to unique combinations of stressors in the *** the modulating role of adaptation,species niche and stressors’interaction is *** review,being a non-exhaustively explored *** to provide an overview on understandings of ecophysiological effects of OA and its combination with covarying drivers,mainly warming,deoxygenation and solar UV *** propose a testable hypothetical model as well as future research perspectives.

关键词： Algae Deoxygenation Ocean acidification Ocean warming Plankton UV radiation

Vascular changes caused by deep brain stimulation using double-dose gadolinium-enhanced brain MRI

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第3期9卷 276-279页

作者： Byeong sam Choi Yong Hwan Kim Sang Ryong Jeon Department of Neurological Surgery Haeundae Paik Hospital Inje University College of Medicine Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Notre Dame Department of Neurological Surgery Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 32 patients with medically intractable idiopathic Parkinson＇s disease who had undergone staged bilateral deep brain stimulation of the subtha-lamic nuclei from January 2007 to May 2011. The vascularture of the patients who received two deep brain stimulations was detected using double-dose gadolinium-enhanced brain MRI. The dimensions of straight sinus, superior sagittal sinus, ipsilateral internal cerebral vein in the tha- lamic branch and ipsilateral anterior caudate vein were reduced. These findings demonstrate that bilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nuclei affects cerebral venous blood flow.

关键词： nerve regeneration gadolinium-enhanced brain MRI deep brain stimulation subtha-lamic nuclei vascularture straight sinus superior sagittal sinus internal cerebral vein in the tha-lamic branch anterior caudate vein KRCF National Agenda Project neural regeneration

Joint hard X-ray observations with ASO-S/HXI and SO/STIX

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第11期19卷 127-130页

作者： sam Krucker Gordon JHurford Yang Su Wei-Qun Gan University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Bahnhofstrasse 65210WindischSwitzerland Space Science Laboratory University of California7 Gauss Way94720 BerkeleyUSA Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210034China

This paper discusses the potential of future joint hard X-ray solar flare observations between the Hard X-ray Imager(HXI)onboard the Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory(ASO-S)mission and the Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-rays(STIX)on Solar *** different viewing perspectives of the two telescopes relative to the Sun will allow us for the first time to systematically study non-thermal hard X-ray emissions *** the 4-years of the nominal mission of ASO-S,we expect to jointly observe about 160 flares above GOES M1 class to systematically study hard X-ray *** about 16 partially limb-occulted STIX flares,we will have observations of the entire flare by *** observations will enable us to simultaneously study the all-important coronal hard X-ray sources,which are generally lost in the instrument’s individual imaging dynamic range,in combination with the chromospheric footpoint *** two different detector systems used in the two telescopes make the relative calibration between the two instruments a key task that needs to be addressed before creditable science results can be *** an accurate inter-calibration can be achieved using jointly observed flares on the disk,observations with HXI and STIX will provide new and essential key diagnostics for solar flare physics.

关键词： Sun flares

HARD DISK DRIVES CONTROL IN MOBILE APPLICATIONS

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2007年第2期20卷 215-224页

作者： Shuzhi sam GE Beibei REN Tong Heng LEE Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore Faculty of Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 119260 Singapore

In this paper, control design is investigated for hard disk drives in mobile applications with unknown external arbitrarily fast time-varying disturbances. The disturbances can be estimated with exponential accuracy using the proposed disturbance observer based on a series of integral filters. The position error signal will converge to zero with the proposed control technique for systems subjected to the unknown disturbances. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by extensive simulation studies.

关键词： Hard disk drives time-varying disturbances

NUMERICAL MODELING OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENT TRANSPORT IN CHANNEL BENDS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2006年第4期18卷 411-417页

作者： HUANG Sui-liang JIAY．F,WANG sam S. Y. College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China National Center for Computational Hydroscience and Engineering The University of Mississippi Oxford USA

An algorithm to compute three-dimensional sediment transport effect was proposed in this paper to enhance the capability of depth-averaged numerical models. This algorithm took into account of non-uniform distributions of flow velocities and suspended sediment concentrations along water depth, it significantly enhanced the applicability of 2D models in simulating open channel flows, especially in channel bends. Preliminary numerical experiments in a U-shaped and a sine-generated experimental channel indicate that the proposed method performs quite well in predicting the change of bed-deformation in channel bends due to suspended sediment transport. This method provides an effective alternative for the simulations of channel morphodynamic changes.

关键词： algorithm dispersion terms bends suspended sediment transport 2D numerical model

The role of heredity in pterygium development

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2014年第3期7卷 563-573页

作者： Peter Anguria James Kitinya sam Ntuli Trevor Carmichael Department of Neurosciences Division of OphthalmologyUniversity of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg Department of Anatomic Pathology University of Limpopo Polokwane Campus Department of Public Health Medicine University of Limpopo Polokwane Campus

Several risk factors,which include heredity,ultra-violet (UV) light and chronic inflammation,contribute to pterygium ***,there is no report integrating these factors in the pathogenesis of *** aim of this review is to describe the connection between heredity,UV,and inflammation in pterygium *** reports indicate that sunlight exposure is the main factor in pterygium occurrence by inducing growth factor production or chronic inflammation or DNA *** may be a *** studies on factors in pterygium occurrence and recurrence identify that heredity is crucial for pterygium to develop,and that sunlight is only a trigger,and that chronic inflammation promotes pterygium *** propose that genetic factors may interfere with the control of fibrovascular proliferation while UV light or(sunlight)most likely only triggers pterygium development by inducing growth factors which promote vibrant fibrovascular proliferation in predisposed *** also just triggers inflammation and collagenolysis,which may be promoters of the enlargement of the fibrovascular *** probably occurs in the presence of exuberant collagen production and profuse neovascularisation.

关键词： pterygium fibrovascular proliferation heredity sunlight inflammation growth factors

Nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer: a primer on immunotherapy

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2016年第2期13卷 194-205页

作者： Mahir Maruf sam J.Brancato Piyush K.Agarwal Urologic Oncology Branch National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health

Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin （BCG） has long been the gold standard treatment of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. Recently, there has been an emergence of novel immunotherapeutic agents, which have shown promise in the treatment of urothelial cell carcinoma. These agents aim to augment, modify, or enhance the immune response. Such strategies include recombinant BCG, monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, gene therapy, and adoptive T-cell therapy. Here, we review the emerging immunotherapeutics in the treatment of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.

关键词： Urothelial cell carcinoma Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy bladder cancer

Demonstration of full-parallax three-dimensional holographic display on commercial 4 K flat-panel displayer

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Chinese Optics Letters 2016年第1期14卷 26-30页

作者： Frank C. Fan sam Choi C. C. Jiang AFC Technology Co. Ltd. Shenzhen 518104 China

A novel method for a full-parallax three-dimensional （3D） holographic display by means of a lens array and a holographic functional screen is proposed. The process of acquisition, coding, restoration, and display is described in detail. It provides an efficient way to transfer the two-dimensional redundant information for human vision to the identifiable 3D display for human eyes. A holo-video system based on a commercial 4 K fiat-panel displayer is demonstrated as the result.

关键词： Geometrical optics Holography

Tumor Molecular Imaging with Nanoparticles

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Engineering 2016年第1期2卷 132-140页

作者： Zhen Cheng Xuefeng Ya Xilin Sun BaozhongShen Sanjiv sam Gambhir a Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford Department of Radiology Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA Molecular Imaging Research Center of Harbin Medical University Harbin 150001 China TOF-PET/CT/MR Center the Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin 150001 China ora Umverslty Stanford CA 94305 USA

Molecular imaging(MI)can provide not only structural images using traditional imaging techniques but also functional and molecular information using many newly emerging imaging *** the past decade,the utilization of nanotechnology in MI has exhibited many significant advantages and provided new opportunities for the imaging of living *** is expected that multimodality nanoparticles(NPs)can lead to precise assessment of tumor biology and the tumor *** review addresses topics related to engineered NPs and summarizes the recent applications of these nanoconstructs in cancer optical imaging,ultrasound,photoacoustic imaging,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and radionuclide *** challenges involved in the translation of NPs to the clinic are discussed.

关键词： Tumor Molecular imaging Nanoparticles