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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2012年第3期2卷 287-297页

作者： Shadia R. Tewfik salwa I. Hawash Nahed K. Atteya Guzine I. El Diwani Ihab H. Farag Department of Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant National Research Center EI-Tahrir St. Dokki Cairo Egypt Department of Chemical Engineering University of New Hampshire Durham NH USA

Biodiesel （fatty acid methyl ester） has been identified as a non-toxic biodegradable alternative fuel that is obtained from renewable sources. Over the last decade, there has been increasing interest in producing biodiesel from conventional sources such as soybean, canola, sunflower, and coconut oils. Current efforts are directed towards the development of new non-edible resources. Among these Jatropha Curcas comes at the forefront. In Egypt, Jatropha Curcas has grown successfully using primary treated wastewater. Also, extensive R＆D efforts identified the optimum conditions for the various processing stages namely crushing, extraction, transesterification and purification. Based on the research findings, the techno-economic appraisal of biodiesel production from Jatropha Curcas is conducted. Two nominal capacities namely 8,000 and 50,000 metric tons/yr have been proposed. Several scenarios have been formulated to take into consideration varying productivity （3.4 to 5.8 ton fruits per 4,000 m^2 （acre）） and varying recovery rates of oil from seeds. Economic indicators including capital and production costs for the various processing stages and revenues according to current prices of oil and cake have been obtained. The price of biodiesel that provides a simple rate of return （SRR） on investments of 10% was in the range of $0.3-0.7/liter for the different assumed scenarios which is lower than the prevailing price of biodiesel （about $1/liter） in the US. Thus, in view of experimental results and economic assumptions, there are positive prospects for the production of biodiesel from Jatropha Curcas under Egyptian conditions.

关键词： Biodiesel Jatropha curcas experimental simulation economic indicators.

Determination of the Stability Studies of the Sudanese Camel Insulin

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2013年第7期4卷 549-555页

作者： Abdella Imam Abdella Baragob Waleed Hassan AlMalki Imran Shahid Hanouf Saeed Bafhaid Fatimah Abdullah Bakhdhar salwa Muhamed Khojali Samia Abdella Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology College of Pharmacy Umm Al Qura University Makkah The kingdom of Saudi Arabia Faculty of Pharmacy Khartoum University Khartoum Sudan

The main objective of the presented study was to characterize the stability of the Sudanese camel insulin after 6 months of its extraction, purification and formulation from the fresh pancreatic glands of the camel, slaughtered for local and export consumption. The stability and purity of the formulated insulin samples were compared to standard insulin sam-ples that of the leading manufacturing companies using some analytical techniques such as HPLC, gel electrophoresis and atomic absorption. In another part of the study, the direct transfer method was used to accomplish sterility test by complete immersion of the insulin samples into thioglycollate and soybean medium. The data were presented as mean ± S.E.M (standard error of means) for the comparison of zinc (mg/units) and nitrogen (in percentage) concentrations in standard and testing camel insulin samples, respectively. Similarly, the linear equation was derived and the coefficient factors for standard and testing insulin samples were compared to determine the peak area and the concentrations of the camel insulin samples (mean ± S.E.M) after HPLC elution. The P value,

关键词： Analytical Techniques Camel Insulin Stability Studies Shelf Life

Prevalence of Cerebral Atherosclerosis among Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Case Control Study on Egyptian Subjects

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2016年第1期6卷 8-13页

作者： Sherif Elwan Tarek Zoheir Tawfik Heba Sayed Assal Shaimaa El-Jaafary Montasser Mohamed Hegazy salwa Tawfik Alshaimaa Mahmoud Aboulfotooh Foad Abd-Allah Department of Internal Medicine National Research Institute Cairo Egypt Department of Neurology Cairo University Cairo Egypt

Background: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clustering of vascular risk factors that tend to increase the risk of occurrence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2), cardiovascular and cerebro-vascular ischemic events. The aim of the present study is to investigate the association of extra-cranial and intracranial arterial atherosclerosis as well as silent brain infarction (SBI) with MetS, thereby determining the potential cerebrovascular atherosclerotic risk of MetS in the Egyptian population. Methods: A case control study was conducted on 50 Egyptian subjects with MetS and 30 without with age range from 40 - 60 years old. All participants were free from cerebrovascular ischemic events [stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA)]. All participants underwent complete neurological examination, assessment of the diagnostic criteria for MetS, carotid and transcranial duplex ultrasonography (U/S) and brain MRI. Results: Preclinical carotid atherosclerosis (athero-sclerotic plaques with <50% stenosis) was associated with MetS (P value = 0.02) that persisted after adjustment for age and other confounders. There was no significant association between increased intima media thickness (IMT) and MetS. There was non-significant association between MetS and intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) or the degree of intracranial stenosis (ICS). Conversely, there was a highly significant association between MetS and SBI even after adjustment for age and other confounders (P value = 0.001). Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is an important factor associated with mild to moderate atherosclerosis (<50% stenosis) and silent brain infarcts among asymptomatic individuals. Interventions to reduce MetS are important for prevention of subclinical and clinical cerebral atherosclerotic disease.

关键词： Metabolic Syndrome Preclinical Atherosclerosis Silent Brain Infarction Neurovascular Ultrasound Brain MRI Egyptian Population

Prediction of Acute Renal Failure in Dengue Fever Patients

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Open Journal of Urology 2022年第2期12卷 99-106页

作者： salwa Abd Almoneim Mohammed Ali Mohammed Omer Abaker Gibreel Nazik Sir El Khatim Bakhit Suliman Ali Khider Ali Mohammed Bakri Yousif Mohamed Nour Department of Clinical Chemistry Eastern Sudan College of Medical Science and Technology Port Sudan Sudan Department of Clinical Chemistry Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Hematology and Immunohematology Port Sudan Ahlia College Port Sudan Sudan Department of Microbiology Eastern Sudan College of Medical Science and Technology Port Sudan Sudan

Background: Dengue virus (DENV) infection is caused by an arboviral strain and is transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti which is found in Sudan especially Red Sea and Kassala states in the east. The disease is known to cause renal disturbances and a thorough understanding of that will potentially help in the prediction, diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Methods: This study is a prospective observational cross sectional study conducted in the Eastern Sudan College of Medical Science and Technology and Port Sudan Teaching Hospital. 200 confirmed Dengue virus infected patients along with 200 healthy appearing adults (control) were enrolled for the study. Statistical analysis was carried out after the collection of patients’ demographic, clinical, and investigational data including serum urea and creatinine values. Ethical approval was obtained from the ministry of health, Red Sea state and informed written consent was obtained from each participant. Results: The highest incidence of DENV infection was observed in individuals of the middle age group (29%). Elevated blood urea levels were detected in 10 (5%) patients while elevated creatinine levels were seen in 17 (8.5%) patients. Although fallen within reference ranges found in the literature, mean blood urea and creatinine values differed significantly between patients and controls and between different categories of the disease. Mean blood urea concentration showed a statistically significant difference between the control (22.3 mg/dl) and the test (28.4 mg/dl) (P value Conclusion: We strongly conclude that renal involvement is not uncommon in Dengue fever and that blood urea and creatinine evaluation should be considered in the counseling of DENV infection patients. Patients need to be subjected to necessary laboratory investigations associated with acute kidney injury to decrease the rate of morbidity and mortality associated with the disease.

关键词： Dengue Virus Acute Kidney Injury Hemorrhagic Fever Shock Syndrome Eastern Sudan

Natural evolution of hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis Tunisian patients and CTLA-4 SNP's

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第35期21卷 10150-10158页

作者： Leila Ksiaa Cheikhrouhou Yousr Lakhoua-Gorgi Imen Sfar salwa Jendoubi-Ayed Houda Aouadi Mouna Makhlouf Khaled Ayed Taieb Ben Abdallah Immunology Research Laboratory of Kidney Transplantation and Immunopathology Laboratoire de Recherche Laboratory of Immunology Charles Nicolle Hospital

AIM: To analyze the polymorphisms of CTLA-4 gene involved in the response against hepatitis C virus(HCV) ***: We recruited 500 hemodialysed patients from several hemodialysis centers, all HCV-antibody positive, spread over different regions of Tunisia, as part of a national survey in 2008 conducted in the laboratory of immunology at the Charles Nicolle hospital Tunisia, classified into two groups G1(PCR+) and G2(PCR-) according to the presence or absence of viral RNA. Of these patients, 307 were followed prospectively on a viral molecular level over a period from 2002 to 2008, divided into two groups based on the persistence and viral clearance. PCR-RFLP was performed for the analysis of SNPs(+49) A/G and(+6230) G/A CTLA-4 for these 500 patients and 358 healthy ***: Analysis of clinical and virological charac-teristics of our cohort suggests a nosocomial infection in our hemodialysed patients with transfusion history as a primary risk factor and a predominance of genotype 1b. The haplotype analysis revealed an increase of frequencies of GG(+49)/(CT60) CTLA-4 in the entire patients group compared to controls(P = 0.0036 and OR = 1.42; 95%CI: 1.12-1.79, respectively). This haplotype is therefore associated with susceptibility to HCV infection. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests a possible role of CTLA-4 polymorphisms in the outcome of HCV infection in the Tunisian hemodialysed population.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Hemodialysis Natural evolution C

Significance of Serum Electrolyte Pattern in an Eastern Sudanese Dengue Fever Patients Population

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2022年第1期12卷 1-10页

作者： salwa Abd Almoneim Mohammed Ali Mohammed Omer Abaker Gibreel Nazik Sir El Khatim Bakhit Suliman Ali Khider Ali Mohammed Bakri Yousif Mohamed Nour Department of Clinical Chemistry Eastern Sudan College of Medical Science and Technology Port Sudan Sudan Department of Clinical Chemistry Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Hematology and immunohematology Port Sudan Ahlia College Port Sudan Sudan Department of Microbiology Eastern Sudan College of Medical Science and Technology Port Sudan Sudan

Background: Dengue virus (DENV) infection is caused by an arboviral strain and is transmitted by the mosquito Aedes Egyties which is found in Sudan especially Red Sea and Kassala states in the east. In the year 2020 there was a significant outbreak in the both states. The disease is known to cause renal and electrolyte disturbances and a thorough understanding of that which will potentially help in the prediction, diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Methods: This study is a prospective observational cross sectional study conducted in the Eastern Sudan College of Medical Science and Technology and Port Sudan Teaching Hospital. 200 confirmed Dengue virus infection patients along with 200 healthy appearing adults (as a control) were enrolled for the study. Statistical analysis was carried out after the collection of patients’ demographic, clinical, and investigational data including electrolyte values. Results: The highest incidence of DENV infection was observed in individuals of the middle age group (29%). Although fallen within reference ranges found in the literature, mean serum electrolyte values differed significantly between patients and controls and between different categories of the disease. For our patients, hyponatraemia was seen in 43.5%, hypokalaemia in 37%, hypocalcaemia in 30%, hypophosphataemia in 12% and low magnesium concentrations in 13%. Mean serum sodium concentration differed in the control (138.2 mmol/l) from in the test (132.5 mmol/l) (P. value 0.02). Similarly, mean serum potassium in the control (3.97 mmol/l) differed significantly (P. value 0.01) from test (3.30 mmol/l). Mean calcium and phosphorus (8.80 and 3.50 mg/dl) in the control were also differed from test (8.51 and 3.30), (P. values 0.02 and 0.004, respectively). In contrast, serum magnesium (mg/dl) in the control group (1.96) showed no significant difference from that of test group (1.90) (P. value 0.08). The biochemical parameters studied were neither affected by age nor by gen

关键词： Dengue Virus Hemorrhagic Fever Dengue Shock Syndrome Electrolytes Eastern Sudan

A drospirenone-containing oral contraceptive improved bleeding pattern and personal satisfaction in 914 women from Jordan, Lebanon and Syria

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Health 2013年第7期5卷 39-44页

作者： Ramzi Finan Abeer Wasfi Annab salwa Abdalla Farid Bedran Mazen El-Zibdeh Lina Shahen Christoph Gerlinger Erich Solomayer Kubilay Ertan Jan Endrikat Universite St.Joseph Hotel Dieu de FranceBeirutLebanon 2.Al Amal Maternity HospitalAmmanJordan 3.Private Clinic—Al-ShahBandar SquareDamascusSyria 4.Serhal Hospital-RabiehBeirutLebanon 5.Islamic HospitalAmmanJordan 6.Private Clinic—Al-Enshaat-Ragheb Al-Jamali StreetHomsSyria 7.Bayer HealtcareBayer AGBerlinGermany Department of OB/GYN Universitatskliniken des SaarlandesHomburg/SaarGermany 9.Department of OB/GYNLeverkusen Municipal HospitalLeverkusenGermany

Aim: We assessed bleeding pattern, tolerance and patient satisfaction of an oral contraceptive containing 3 mg drospirenone and 30 mcg ethinyl estradiol (DRSP/EE) under real-life conditions. Study Design: We performed a multicenter, prospective, 6-cycle, observational study in Canada, Europe and the Middle East. Detailed analyses of the three Middle East countries, Jordan, Lebanon andSyriawere presented here. The efficacy variables included an assessment of bleeding patterns, premenstrual symptoms of water retention and patient satisfaction, as determined by a visual analogue scale. Results: A total of 914 women were enrolled. The percentage of women with intermenstrual bleeding decreased from 37.4%, 48.7% and 32.2% at baseline to 9.7%, 6.1% and 10.9% at the end of cycle6 inJordan, Lebanon and Syria, respectively (creased sharply in all three countries (p Amenorrhea decreased significantly in Lebanon and Syria (p < 0.005). In addition, signs of water retention like abdominal bloating, breast tenderness and swelling of extremities decreased significantly over the course of 6 treatment cycles (p < 0.001). Patient satisfaction increased for all investigated items. Upon completion of the study, 82.7% of women answered “Yes” to continue treatment with this oral contraceptive. Conclusion: The oral contraceptive containing 3 mg drospirenone and 30 mcg ethinyl estradiol has beneficial effects on bleeding pattern, symptoms of water retention and patient satisfaction.

关键词： Bleeding Pattern Tolerance Drospirenone Oral Contraception

Intellectual Capital in Knowledge Management Organizations

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Economics World 2023年第4期10卷 178-186页

作者： salwa Alhamoudi Institute of Public Administration RiyadhSaudi Arabia

This paper templet is copyright by Global Conference on Business and Social Science organized by Global Academy of Training&Research(GATR)*** capital and knowledge are the most important assets of most organizations to ensure that determined or intended strategies can be *** resource-based view of the firm considers the firm as a bundle of tangible resources,intangible resources,and organisational *** effective IC refers to the critical issues of organisational adaptation,survival and competence in the face of discontinuous environmental *** is essential for retaining employees’knowledge within a firm by using appropriate technology and tools to capture and store the knowledge residing in the minds of its employees,so it can be easily shared and *** is a growing realisation of the importance of the development and understanding of theory for both Intellectual Capital and Knowledge Management in relation to guide the successful development of Knowledge Management *** study is fundamental because it will provide the whole picture about the different levels of knowledge;individual,group and organizational,which express internal knowledge(formal and informal knowledge)and external knowledge such as customers and *** aim of this study is addressed some of the gaps in Intellectual Capital *** is necessary to investigate the interactions between IC components in Knowledge management organizations,which include human capital(HC),Organizational capital(OC),and Relational capital(RC).This is important in order to discover the extent to which these factors work together to achieve a network’s knowledge management in organization.

关键词： knowledge management intellectual capital human capital organization capital relational capital

Review of Biochemical and Nutritional Constituents in Different Green Leafy Vegetables in Oman

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第9期6卷 765-769页

作者： Vijaya Saradhi Settaluri Kholood Mohammed Khalaf Al-Mamari salwa Ibrahim Mohammed Al-Balushi Moza Khamis Zayid Al-Risi Muhammad Behjat Ali Biology Section Department of Applied Sciences Higher College of Technology Muscat Sultanate of Oman

Green leafy vegetables are very nutrient-dense and incredibly healthy. They are vital sources of antioxidants and they are the best which are very beneficial to providing weight loss and maintenance, because it keeps you feeling full and helps control your hunger. Also, leafy vegetables are full of fiber, vitamins;minerals and substances that help protect you from disease [1] [2]. For this we choose five types of vegetables which are lettuce, cabbage, parsley, spinach and arugula to estimate some nutritional values present on them such as: carbohydrate (sucrose, fructose, glucose and starch), protein, amino acids (lysine and phenyl alanine), vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and lipid. The results obtained were analyzed and the relative percentages of these compounds were tabulated. Among the five green leafy vegetables the glucose content was highest in lettuce and was least in arugula. Among the five green leafy vegetables the fructose content was highest in parsley and was least in cabbage. Among the five green leafy vegetables the sucrose content was highest in parsley and was least in cabbage. Among the five green leafy vegetables the starch content was highest in lettuce and was least in spinach. Among the five green leafy vegetables the ascorbic acid content was highest in lettuce and was least in parsley and arugula. Among the five green leafy vegetables the protein content was highest in parsley and was least in cabbage. Among the five green leafy vegetables the lysine content was highest in cabbage and was least in arugula. Among the five green leafy vegetables the phenyl alanine content was highest in cabbage and was least in spinach. Among the five green leafy vegetables the lipid content was highest in lettuce and was least in cabbage.

关键词： Nutritional Value Protein Carbohydrate Vitamins Analysis Comparison