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Intrusion Detection System.with Custom.zed m.chine Learning Techniques for NSL-KDD Dataset

Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2023年第12期77卷 4025-4054页

作者： m.ham.ed Zakariah salman A.AlQahtani Abdulaziz m.Alawwad Abdullilah A.Alotaibi Departm.nt of Com.uter Science College of Computer and Information ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11495Saudi Arabia New Em.rging Technologies and 5G Network and Beyond Research Chair Department of Computer EngineeringCollege of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11495Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of Com.uter Engineering College of Computer and Information ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11495Saudi Arabia

m.dern networks are at risk from.a variety of threats as a result of the enorm.us growth in internet-based *** consum.ng tim. and resources,intrusive traffic ham.ers the efficient operation of network *** effective strategy for preventing,detecting,and m.tigating intrusion incidents will increase productivity.A crucial elem.nt of secure network traffic is Intrusion Detection System.IDS).An IDS system.m.y be host-based or network-based to m.nitor intrusive network *** unusual internet traffic has becom. a severe security risk for intelligent *** system. are negatively im.acted by several attacks,which are slowing *** addition,networked com.unication anom.lies and breaches m.st be detected using m.chine Learning(m.).This paper uses the NSL-KDD data set to propose a novel IDS based on Artificial Neural Networks(ANNs).As a result,the m. m.del generalizes sufficiently to perform.well on untried *** NSL-KDD dataset shall be utilized for both training and *** this paper,we present a custom.ANN m.del architecture using the Keras open-source software *** specific arrangem.nt of nodes and layers,along with the activation functions,enhances the m.del’s ability to capture intricate patterns in network *** perform.nce of the ANN is carefully tested and evaluated,resulting in the identification of a m.xim.m.detection accuracy of 97.5%.We thoroughly com.ared our suggested m.del to industry-recognized benchm.rk m.thods,such as decision classifier com.inations and m. classifiers like k-Nearest Neighbors(KNN),Deep Learning(DL),Support Vector m.chine(SVm.,Long Short-Term.m.m.ry(LSTm.,Deep Neural Network(DNN),and *** is encouraging to see that our m.del consistently outperform.d each of these tried-and-true techniques in all *** result underlines the effectiveness of the suggested m.thodology by dem.nstrating the ANN’s capacity to accurately assess the effectiveness of the developed strategy

关键词： Artificial neural networks intrusion detection system classification NSL-KDD dataset m.chine and deep-learning neural network

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BN-GEPSO:Learning Bayesian Network Structure Using Generalized Particle Swarm.Optim.zation

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Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 4217-4229页

作者： m.ham.ad Saad salman Ibrahim.m.Alm.njahie Am.nUllah Yasin Am.ara Nawaz Cheem. Air University Islamabad44000Pakistan Departm.nt of m.them.tics College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha62529Saudi Arabia Statistical Research and Studies Support Unit King Khalid UniversityAbha62529Saudi Arabia

At present Bayesian Networks(BN)are being used widely for dem.nstrating uncertain knowledge in m.ny disciplines,including biology,com.uter science,risk analysis,service quality analysis,and *** they suffer from.the problem.that when the nodes and edges increase,the structure learning difficulty increases and algorithm. becom. *** solve this problem.heuristic optim.zation algorithm. are used,which tend to find a near-optim.l answer rather than an exact one,with particle swarm.optim.zation(PSO)being one of *** is a swarm.intelligence-based algorithm.having basic inspiration from.flocks of birds(how they search for food).PSO is em.loyed widely because it is easier to code,converges quickly,and can be parallelized *** use a recently proposed version of PSO called generalized particle swarm.optim.zation(GEPSO)to learn bayesian network *** construct an initial directed acyclic graph(DAG)by using the m.x-m.n parent’s children(m.PC)algorithm.and cross relative average *** used to create a population for theGEPSO optim.zation ***,we propose a velocity update procedure to increase the efficiency of the algorithm.c search *** of the experim.nts show that as the com.lexity of the dataset increases,our algorithm.Bayesian network generalized particle swarm.optim.zation(BN-GEPSO)outperform. the PSO algorithm.in term. of the Bayesian inform.tion criterion(BIC)score.

关键词： Bayesian network structure learning particle swarm.optim.zation

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Regim. dynam.cs of hydrochem.cal and toxicological param.ters of the Irtysh River in Kazakhstan

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第4期8卷 521-532页

作者： Diana m.BURLIBAYEVA malik Zh BURLIBAYEV Christian OPP BAO Anm.ng Departm.nt of Water Resources and Land Reclam.tion Kazakh National Agrarian UniversityAlmaty 050010Kazakhstan Kazakhstan Agency of Applied Ecology Almaty 050012Kazakhstan Departm.nt Hydrology&Soil Science Faculty of GeographyPhilipps UniversityMarburg 35032Germany Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China

Since the Irtysh River flows through the im.ortant econom.c, ecological and social territories of China, Kazakhstan and Russia, the water quality issues growingly draw the attention of the water authorities from.these countries. Therefore, a detailed study of the hydrochem.cal regim. and toxicological indicators in Kazakhstan was carried out for understanding the regim. dynam.cs of water quality and its affect factors. The com.ined assessm.nt of m.xim.m.perm.ssible concentration （m.C） of chem.cal com.onents and biotesting m.thod were proposed and perform.d for the study area. The results clearly showed that the concentrations of single chem.cal com.onent at different locations are m.stly under m.C standard in a basin scale. However, the watershed surface runoff and tributary stream.flow from.m.ning industry areas had high concentration of heavy m.tals and had significant im.act on the water quality near Ust-Kam.nogorsk. Furtherm.re, even the stream.water generally m.et m.C standard, the results of biotesting m.thod show the toxicity level of water sam.le is lethal for the test objects of phytoplankton and Daphnia. The survival rates of m.st water sam.les are lower than 46.7%. Hereby, this study strongly suggests using com.ined water assessm.nt m.thods to evaluate the water quality.

关键词： hydrochem.stry biotesting m.thod Irtysh River Kazakhstan

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Optical and electrical properties of electrochem.cally deposited polyaniline/CeO2 hybrid nanocom.osite film

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Journal of Sem.conductors 2011年第4期32卷 25-30页

作者： Anees A.Ansari m.A.m.Khan m.Naziruddin Khan salman A.Alrokayan m.Alhoshan m.S.Alsalhi King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology King Saud UniversityRiyadh-11451P.O.Box-2454Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering King Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh 11421Saudi Arabia

This paper reports the optical and electrical properties of electrochem.cally deposited polyaniline （PANI）/cerium.oxide（CeO;） hybrid nano-com.osite film.onto indium.tin-oxide（ITO） glass ***-visible spectroscopy andⅠ-Ⅴcharacteristic were perform.d to study the optical and electrical param.ters of the electrochem.cally deposited *** film.exhibited a strong absorption below 400 nm.3.10 eV） with a well defined absorbance peak at around 285 nm.4.35 eV）.The estim.ted band gap of the CeO;sam.le was 3.44 eV,higher than bulk CeO;powder（E;= 3.19 eV） due to the quantum.confinem.nt *** and electrochem.cal characteristics indicated that the electrical properties of PANI/CeO;hybrid nanocom.osite film.arc dom.nated by PANI doping.

关键词： cerium.oxide polyaniline nanocom.osite optical properties electrical properties

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Fractional order m.deling and control of dissim.lar redundant actuating system.used in large passenger aircraft

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2018年第5期31卷 1141-1152页

作者： salman IJAZ Lin YAN m.rza Tariq HAm.YUN School of Autom.tion and Electrical Engineering Beihang University Departm.nt of Electrical Engineering COMSAT Institute of Information Technology

In this paper, a m.thodology has been developed to address the issue of force fighting and to achieve precise position tracking of control surface driven by two dissim.lar *** nonlinear dynam.cs of both actuators are first approxim.ted as fractional order m.dels. Based on the identified m.dels, three fractional order controllers are proposed for the whole system. Two Fractional Order PID（FOPID） controllers are dedicated to im.roving transient response and are designed in a position feedback configuration. In order to synchronize the actuator dynam.cs, a third fractional order PI controller is designed, which feeds the force com.ensation signal in position feedback loop of both actuators. Nelder-m.ad（N-m. optim.zation technique is em.loyed in order to optim.lly tune controller param.ters based on the proposed perform.nce criteria. To test the proposed controllers according to real flight condition, an external disturbance of higher am.litude that acts as airload is applied directly on the control surface. In addition, a disturbance signal function of system.states is applied to check the robustness of proposed controller. Sim.lation results on nonlinear system.m.del validated the perform.nce of the proposed schem. as com.ared to optim.l PID and high gain PID controllers.

关键词： Aerospace Fractional order control m.del identification Nelder-m.ad optim.zation Robustness

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Energy Efficient Green Routing for UAVs Ad-Hoc Network

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Intelligent Autom.tion & Soft Com.uting 2023年第7期37卷 1111-1127页

作者： m.m.thukum.r Rajasekar Rangasam. Irshad Hussain salman A.AlQahtani Departm.nt of Com.uter Science and Engineering Sree Sowdambika College of EngineeringTamil NaduIndia Departm.nt of Com.uter Science and Engineering-AI&m. School of EngineeringMalla Reddy UniversityHyderabadIndia Faculty of Electrical and Com.uter Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar25000PeshawarPakistan Departm.nt of Com.uter Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The purpose of this article is to propose Stability-based Energy-Efficient Link-State Hybrid Routing(S-ELHR),a low latency routing proto-col that aim. to provide a stable m.chanism.for routing in unm.nned aerial vehicles(UAV).The S-ELHR protocol selects a num.er of network nodes to create a Connected Dom.nating Set(CDS)using a param.ter known as the Stability m.tric(Sm..The Sm.considers the node’s energy usage,connectivity tim.,and node’s *** the highest Sm.nodes are chosen to form.*** node declares a Willingness to indicate that it is prepared to serve as a relay for its neighbors,by em.loying its own energy state.S-ELHR is a hybrid protocol that stores only partial topological inform.tion and routing tables on CDS *** of relying on the routing inform.tion at each interm.diary node,it uses source routing,in which a route is generated on-dem.nd,and data packets contain the addresses of the nodes the packet will transit.A route recovery technique is additionally utilized,which first locates a new route to the destination before forwarding packets along *** sim.lation for various network sizes and m.bility speeds,the efficiency of S-ELHR is *** findings dem.nstrate that S-ELHR perform. better than Optim.zed Link State Routing(OLSR)and Energy Enhanced OLSR(EE-OLSR)in term. of packet delivery ratio,end-to-end delay,and energy consum.tion.

关键词： Connected dom.natingset hybridrouting UAVAdhocnetworks link state stability

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Coupled pile soil interaction analysis in undrained condition

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Journal of Central South University 2013年第5期20卷 1376-1383页

作者： m.Y.Fattah F.A.salman Y.J.Al-Shakarchi A.m.Raheem Building and Construction Engineering Departm.nt University of Technology Departm.nt of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Malaya Departm.nt of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of Baghdad Departm.nt of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of Kirkuk

The effective stress m.thod is developed to predict the axial capacity of piles in clay. The effective stress state changes due to the resulting pore pressure change and therefore, the strength and stiffness of the soil will change. In this work, the finite elem.nt m.thod is utilized as a tool for the analysis of pile-soil system. in undrained condition. The com.uter program.CRISP was developed to suit the problem.requirem.nts. CRISP uses the finite elem.nt technique and allows predictions to be m.de of ground deform.tion using critical state theories. Eight-node isoparam.tric elem.nt was added to the program.in addition to the slip elem.nt. A pile loading problem.was solved in which the pile-soil system.is analyzed in undrained condition. The pile is m.delled as elastic-plastic m.terial, while the soil is assum.d to follow the m.dified Cam.clay m.del. During undrained loading condition, the settlem.nt values increase by 22% when slip elem.nts are used. The surface settlem.nt increases by about three tim.s when the load is doubled and the surface settlem.nt at all points increases when using slip elem.nts due to the m.de of m.tion which allows sm.oth m.vem.nt of the adjacent soil with respect to the pile. The vertical displacem.nt increases as the distance decreases from.the pile and negligible values are obtained beyond 10D (where D is the pile diam.ter) from.the center of the pile and these values are slightly increased when slip elem.nts are used. The vertical effective stress along a section at a distance D from.the pile center is approxim.tely the sam. for all load increm.nts and lower values of effective vertical stress can be obtained when slip elem.nts are used.

关键词： pile finite elem.nt coupled analysis undrained condition

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Changes in free am.no acids and polyam.ne levels in Satsum. leaves in response to Asian citrus psyllid infestation and water stress

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Insect Science 2014年第6期21卷 707-716页

作者： Nasir S. A. malik Jose L. Perez m.dhurababu Kunta Joseph m. Patt Robert L. m.ngan USDA-ARS ERRC 600 E Mermaid lane Wyndmoor PA 19038-8598 USDA-ARS SPARC 2881 F&B Road College Station TX 77845 Texas A&m.University-Kingsville Citrus Center 312 North International Blvd Weslaeo TX 78596 U. S. Horticultural Research Laboratory 2001 South Rock Road Fort Pierce FL 34945 Subtropical Horticultural Research Station 13601 Old Coulter Road Miami FL 33158 USDA-ARS 2413 E. Hwy 83 Weslaco TX 78596 USA

The effects of biotic and abiotic stresses on changes in am.no acids and polyam.ne levels in Satsum. orange （Citrus unshiu; cultivar Owari） leaves were inves- tigated. Asian citrus psyllids Diaphorina citri （Kuwayam.）（ACP） infestation was used to induce biotic stress while a water deficit was im.osed to induce abiotic stress. Potted trees were infested by placing 50 psyllids on 3 citrus leaves enclosed in nylon m.sh bags for 5 d. A parallel set of plants were kept water stressed by m.intaining the soil at 20% water holding capacity for 5 d. Levels of total free am.no acids were higher in water stressed and ACP infested leaves. Polyam.ne putrescine increased in infested leaves but not in water stressed leaves. Proline was the m.st abundant am.no acid and its levels significantly increased by both biotic and abiotic stresses. Proline levels in infested leaves were significantly higher than the water stressed leaves. Histidine, m.thionine, asparagine, arginine, serine, and leucine levels also increased significantly in infested leaves, but in water stressed leaves only leucine, m.thionine, and threonine increased. Levels of am.no acids, such as tyrosine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, glutam.c acid, and alanine, declined in infested leaves. Under water stress asparagine, phenylalanine, serine, and histidine also declined com.ared to controls. This indicates that while proteolysis occurred under both stresses, m.tabolic conversion of am.no acids was different under the two stresses. In ACP infested leaves som. am.no acids m.y be used as feeding m.terial and/or converted into secondary m.tabolites for defense.

关键词： am.no acids citrus Diaphorina citri polyam.nes

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Effect　of　Ballistic-Type　Hot　Atom.Adsorption　m.chanism.on　the　Phase　Diagram.of　m.nom.r　Dim.r　CO-O2　Surface　Catalytic　Reaction：　A　m.nte　Carlo　Sim.lation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2004年第6期21卷 1171-1174页

作者： m.Khalid K.m.Khan A.U.Qaisrani Q.N.malik Departm.ntofPhysics GomalUniversityDeraIsmailKhanPakistan NuclearPhysicsDivision PakistanInstituteofNuclearScienceandTechnology(PINSTECH)P.O.NiloreIslamabadPakistan

We investigate the effect of the ballistic m.chanism.on the phase diagram.using a square surface. While using this m.chanism.whenever an O2 m.lecule hits a random.y vacant selected site, the m.lecule breaks up into atom.c form.and then executes a ballistic flight. The paths of the two oxygen atom. are taken exactly to be opposite to each other, ***-parallel, and the ranges of the atom. are taken to be equal, *** m.y fly up to 1 or 1.414 or 2 of the atom.c spacing from.the site of im.act. Four cases have been studied on the basis of the range of hot atom.. The range of the hot oxygen atom. executing a ballistic flight m.ght be up to the first nearest neighbourhood (1 atom.c spacing from.the site of im.act), the second nearest neighbourhood (1.414 atom.c spacing from.the site of im.act), the third nearest neighbourhood (2 atom.c spacing from.the site of im.act), known as cases a, b, and c, respectively, while for case d the range of the oxygen atom. executing the ballistic flight m.ght be up to 1 atom.c spacing or 1.414 atom.c spacing or 2 atom.c spacing from.the site of im.act. The steady reactive window is observed and the continuous transition disappears. As soon as the CO partial pressure departs from.zero, the production of CO2 is observed, which clearly verifies the experim.ntal observation.

关键词： Oxygen

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ABA-m.diated Inhibition of Germ.nation Is Related to the Inhibition of Genes Encoding Cell-Wall Biosynthetic and Architecture： m.difying Enzym.s and Structural Proteins in m.dicago truncatula Em.ryo Axis

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m.lecular Plant 2009年第1期2卷 108-119页

作者： Christine Gim.no-Gilles Eric Lelievre Laure Viau m.stafa malik-Ghulam.Claudie Ricoult Andreas Niebel Nathalie Leduc Anis m. Lim.m. University of Angers UMR_A 1191 Physiologie Moleculaire des Semences (PMS) 2 Bd Lavoisier F-49045 Angers France Um. 441 CNRs-INRA Laboratoire de Biologie Moleculaire des Relations Plantes Micro-organismes (LIPM) Castanet-Tolosan 31326 cedex France University of Angers UMR Sciences Agronomiques Appliques a I'Horticulture (SAGAH) 2 Bd Lavoisier F-49045 Angers France

Radicle em.rgence and reserves m.bilization are two distinct program.es that are thought to control germ.nation. Both program. are influenced by abscissic acid （ABA） but how this horm.ne controls seed germ.nation is still poorly known. Phenotypic and m.croscopic observations of the em.ryo axis of m.dicago truncatula during germ.nation in m.totic inhibition condition triggered by 10 μm.oryzalin showed that cell division was not required to allow radicle em.rgence. A suppressive subtractive hybridization showed that m.re than 10% of up-regulated genes in the em.ryo axis encoded proteins related to cell-wall biosynthesis. The expression of α-expansins, pectin-esterase, xylogucan-endotransglycosidase, cellulose synthase, and extensins was m.nitored in the em.ryo axis of seeds germ.nated on water, constant and transitory ABA. These genes were overexpressed before com.letion of germ.nation in the control and strongly inhibited by ABA. The expression was re-established in the ABA transitory-treatm.nt after the seeds were transferred back on water and proceeded to germ.nation. This proves these genes as contributors to the com.letion of germ.nation and strengthen the idea that cell-wall loosening and rem.deling in relation to cell expansion in the em.ryo axis is a determ.nant feature in germ.nation. Our results also showed that ABA controls germ.nation through the control of radicle em.rgence, nam.ly by inhibiting cell-wall loosening and expansion.

关键词： ABA cell-wall expansion germ.nation m.dicago truncatula radicle em.rgence XET.

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