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Performance Enhancement of Praseodymium Doped Fiber Amplifiers

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 5411-5422页

作者： Abdullah G.Alharbi Jawad Mirza Mehak Raza salman ghafoor Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringJouf UniversitySakaka42421Saudi Arabia SEECS Photonics Research Group Islamabad44000Pakistan Institute of Space Technology Islamabad44000Pakistan School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science(SEECS) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Islamabad44000Pakistan

In this paper,we report a simulation study on the performance enhancement of Praseodymium doped silica fiber amplifiers(PDFAs)in O-band(1270-1350 nm)in terms of small signal gain,power conversion efficiency(PCE),and output optical power by employing bidirectional *** PDFA performance is examined by optimizing the length of Praseodymium doped silica fiber(PDF),its mode-field diameter(MFD)and the concentration of Pr^(3+).A small-signal peak gain of 56.4 dB,power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 47%,and output optical power of around 1.6 W(32 dBm)is observed at optimized parameters for input signal wavelength of 1310 *** noise figure(NF)of 4.1 dB is observed at input signal wavelength of 1310 ***,the effect of varying the pump wavelength and pump power on output optical power of the amplifier and amplified spontaneous emission(ASE)noise is also investigated,***,the impact of ion-ion interaction(up-conversion effect)on small-signal gain of the amplifier is also studied by considering different values of up-conversion coefficient.

关键词： Praseodymium-doped fiber doped fiber amplifiers optical amplification mode field diameter noise figure

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Isolation Enhancement in a Compact Four-Element MIMO Antenna for Ultra-Wideband Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 911-925页

作者： Awais Khan Shahid Bashir salman ghafoor Hatem Rmili Jawad Mirza Ammar Ahmad Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawar25000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering University of Science and TechnologyBannu28100Pakistan School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science(SEECS) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Islamabad44000Pakistan Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia SEECS Photonic Research Group National University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabad44000Pakistan

Mutual coupling reduction or isolation enhancement in antenna arrays is an important area of research as it severely affects the performance of an *** this paper,a new type of compact and highly isolated Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output(MIMO)antenna for ultra-wideband(UWB)applications is *** design consists of four radiators that are orthogonally positioned and confined to a compact 40×40×0.8 mm3 *** final antenna design uses an inverted L shape partial ground to produce an acceptable reflection coefficient(S1120 db for majority of the UWB *** antenna was fabricated and tested with the vector network analyzer(VNA)and in an anechoic chamber for scattering parameters and radiation ***,different MIMO diversity performance metrics are also measured to validate the proposed *** simulation results and the experimental results from the constructed model agree quite *** proposed antenna is compared with similar designs in recently published literature for various performance *** of its low envelope correlation coefficient(ECC9.99 dB),peak gain of 4.6 dB,reduced channel capacity loss(CCL<0.4 b/s/Hz),and average radiation efficiency of over 85%,the proposed MIMO antenna is ideally suited for practical UWB applications.

关键词： Multiple input multiple output antennas envelope correlation coefficient defected ground structure ultra wide band diversity gain

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Polarization multiplexing based duplex radio-over-fiber link for millimeter wave signal transmission to a ring of multiple radio access units

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019年第2期20卷 300-306页

作者： Tayyab MEHMOOD Hina QAYYUM salman ghafoor School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National University of Sciences and Technology

A radio-over-fiber(RoF) distributed antenna system(DAS) architecture is proposed, where millimeter wave(mm-wave) signals are transmitted to four different radio access units(RAUs) arranged in a ring *** proposed architecture transmits duplex data of 128 Mb/s to each RAU in both downlink(DL) and uplink(UL)directions. The radio frequency(RF) signals are transmitted by polarization multiplexing a multi-wavelength ***-wave signals at a frequency of 25 GHz are generated at each RAU using remote heterodyne *** proposed architecture provides increased coverage while maintaining good bit error rate(BER) results.

关键词： Radio over fiber Millimeter wave Radio access units

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SER estimation method for 56 GBaud PAM-4 transmission system

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Chinese Optics Letters 2018年第4期16卷 30-34页

作者： Aadil Raza Kangping Zhong salman ghafoor Saeed Iqbal Muhammad Adeel Shahid Habib Muhammad Fasih Uddin Butt Chao Lu COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT) Islamabad Pakistan Department of Electronic and Information Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad Pakistan

In this Letter, we have proposed a generalized Gaussian probability density function（GGPDF）-based method to estimate the symbol error ratio（SER） for pulse amplitude modulation（PAM-4） in an intensity modulation/direct detection（IM/DD） system. Furthermore, a closed form expression of SERGGDfor PAM-4 has been derived. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated through simulation as well as experimental *** fitting of probability density functions of the received signal is applied via GGPDF and shape parameters P1 and P2 associated with different PAM-4 levels are determined. The optimum single value of shape parameter P is then calculated to estimate the SER. The mathematical relationship of P with different received optical powers and receiver bandwidths has been determined and verified. The proposed method is a fast and accurate method to estimate SER of a PAM-4 system, which is more reliable and in agreement with the error counting method.

关键词： PAM SER estimation method for 56 GBaud PAM-4 transmission system

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Temporal Preferences-Based Utility Control for Smart Homes

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 1699-1714页

作者： salman Naseer Raheela Saleem Muhammad Mudasar ghafoor Shahzada Khurram Shafiq Ahmad Abdelaty Edrees Sayed Muhammad Shafiq Jin-Ghoo Choi Department of Information Technology University of the PunjabGujranwala Campus52250Pakistan Department of Computer Science Gift UniversityGujranwalaPunjab52250 Pakistan University of the Punjab Jehlum CampusJehlum49600Pakistan Faculty of Computing The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Industrial Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

The residential sector contributes a large part of the energy to the global energy *** date,housing demand has mostly been uncontrollable and inelastic to grid *** the performance of a home energy manage-ment system requires the creation of various proﬁles of real-world residential demand,as residential demand is complex and includes multiple factors such as occupancy,climate,user preferences,and appliance *** Peak Ratio(A2P)is one of the most important parameters when managing an efﬁcient and cost-effective energy *** the household level,the larger relative magni-tudes of certain energy devices make managing this ratio critical,albeit difﬁ*** Demand Response(DR)and Demand Side Management(DSM)systems have been proposed to reduce this ratio to *** main ways to achieve this are economic incentives,user comfort modeling and control,or *** this study,we propose a unique opportunistic social time approach called the Time Utility Based Control Feature(TUBCF),which uses the concept of a utility function from economics to model and control consumer *** propose a DR model for residential customers to reduce Peak-to-Average Ratio(PAR)and improve customer satisfaction by eliminating Appliance Wait Time(WTA)during peak *** PAR reduction and WTA,we propose a system architecture and mathematical *** proposed model automatically schedules devices based on their temporal preferences and considers six households with different device types and operational *** results show that using this strategy can reduce A2P by 80%and improve user comfort during peak hours.

关键词： Temporal preferences utility control ﬁxed priority demand shaping

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