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Abnormal liver chemistries as a predictor of COVID-19 severity and clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第5期28卷 570-587页

作者： Arunkumar Krishnan Laura Prichett Xueting Tao saleh a alqahtani James P Hamilton Esteban Mezey Alexandra T Strauss Ahyoung Kim James J Potter Po-Hung Chen Tinsay A Woreta Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States Department of Pediatrics Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States Liver Transplant Center King Faisal Specialist Hospital&Research CenterRiyadh 12713Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Abnormal liver chemistries are common findings in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19).However,the association of these abnormalities with the severity of COVID-19 and clinical outcomes is poorly understood AIM We aimed to assess the prevalence of elevated liver chemistries in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and compare the serum liver chemistries to predict the severity and in-hospital *** This retrospective,observational study included 3380 patients with COVID-19 who were hospitalized in the Johns Hopkins Health System(Baltimore,MD,United States).Demographic data,clinical characteristics,laboratory findings,treatment measures,and outcome data were *** regression modeling was used to explore variables associated with abnormal liver chemistries on admission with disease severity and prognosis RESULTS A total of 2698(70.4%)had abnormal alanine aminotransferase(ALT)at the time of *** more prevalent abnormal liver chemistries were aspartate aminotransferase(AST)(44.4%),alkaline phosphatase(ALP)(16.1%),and total bilirubin(T-Bil)(5.9%).Factors associated with liver injury were older age,Asian ethnicity,other race,being overweight,and *** ALT,AST,T-Bil,and ALP levels were more commonly associated with disease *** adjusted Cox regression analysis revealed that abnormal AST and T-Bil were associated with the highest mortality risk than other liver injury indicators during *** AST,T-Bil,and ALP were associated with a need for vasopressor drugs,whereas higher levels of AST,T-Bil,and a decreased albumin levels were associated with mechanical ventilation CONCLUSION Abnormal liver chemistries are common at the time of hospital admission in COVID-19 patients and can be closely related to the patient’s severity and *** liver chemistries,specifically ALT,AST,ALP,and T-Bil levels,can be used to stratify risk and predict the need for advanced therapies in t

关键词： Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Liver injury Liver tests Aspartate aminotransferase Alanine aminotransferase bilirubin

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Regional and National Trends of Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation in the United States Over the Last Two Decades

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第5期10卷 814-824页

作者： saleh A.alqahtani Ahmet Gurakar Hani Tamim Thomas D.Schiano Alan Bonder Zachary Fricker Marwan Kazimi Devin E.Eckhoff Michael P.Curry Behnam Saberi Johns Hopkins University Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyBaltimoreMDUSA American University of Beirut Department of Internal MedicineBeirutLebanon Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Division of Liver DiseasesNew YorkNYUSA Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Background and Aims:Liver organ shortage remains a major health burden in the US,with more patients being waitlisted than the number of liver transplants(LTs)*** study investigated US national and regional trends in living donor LT(LDLT)and identified factors associated with recipient ***:We retrospectively analyzed LDLT recipients and donors from the United Network Organ Sharing/Organ Procurement Transplant Network database from 1998 until 2019 for clinical characteristics,demographic differences,and survival *** and regional trends in LDLT,recipient outcomes,and predictors of survival were ***:Of the 223,571 candidates listed for an LT,57.5%received an organ,of which only 4.2%were *** adult LDLTs first peaked at 412 in 2001 but experienced a significant decline to 168 by *** then gradually increased to 445 in *** 2 had the highest LDLT numbers(n=919),while region 1 had the highest proportion(11.1%).Overall,post-LT mortality was 21.4%among LDLT ***-LDLT survival rates after 1-,5-,and 10-years were 92%,87%,and 70%,*** analysis(2004–2019)showed that patients undergoing LDLT in recent years had lower mortality than in earlier years(hazard ratio=0.81,95%confidence interval=0.75–0.88).Conclusions:Following a substantial decline after a peak in 2001,the number of adult LDLTs steadily increased from 2011 to ***,LDLTs still constitute the minority of the transplant pool in the *** policies to increase the use of LDLTs,particularly in regions of high organ demand,should be implemented.

关键词： Living donor Liver transplantation Survival UNOS Organ demand

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Awareness and Behaviour Related to Orthodontic Treatment among School Children in Aseer Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2019年第4期9卷 87-94页

作者： M. Zakirulla Hussain Almubarak Sahar N. Fageeh Abeer A. Alghothimi saleh Khalid alqahtani Faris Mohammed alqahtani Fahad Thamer Alshahrani Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontic Sciences College of Dentistry King Khalid University Abha KSA Department of the Diagnostic Science and Oral Biology (DDS) College of Dentistry King Khalid University Abha KSA

Background: Awareness of malocclusion and the need to make corrections have increasingly become prevalent among the young population. In the period of adolescence, physical appearance is crucial in the construction of personal identity, including one’s relationship with one’s own body. Orthodontic treatment includes improved oral health and enhanced psychological wellbeing. Early orthodontic treatment for children will be crucial to improving oral health. The present study aims to assess the awareness towards orthodontic treatment among school children’s of Aseer region, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: A total of 835 (450 boys and 385 girls) school children’s, of age group between 10 - 15 years were included in the study. A total of 16 schools in the all Aseer region were surveyed during January to May 2018. A pre-structured self-administered questionnaire consisting of 12 questions with multiple answers were given to the children after the clinical examination to assess their knowledge and attitude towards Orthodontic treatment. Statistical Analysis: The survey data was collected and organized into Microsoft Excel spreadsheets (Microsoft Inc., USA), and was statistically analyzed utilizing the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0 software (IBM Inc., USA). The statistical test used here was the chi-square test and P values less than 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant (P Result: A total of 292 (65%) of males and 285 (74%) of females have heard of an orthodontist. 234 (52%) of males said that orthodontist would align their teeth. 203 (45%) and 250 (65%) of males and females respectively are aware that few teeth needed to be removed for aligning irregular teeth. Majority of the children are aware of taking braces treatment at an earlier age would improve facial appearance. 320 (83%) and 227 (59%) of female children aware of that irregular teeth can affect chewing ability and speech respectively. 261 (58%) of males knew that or

关键词： Orthodontic Treatment Malocclusion Children Oral Health Behaviour

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A literature review of genetics and epigenetics of HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma: translational impact

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第4期13卷 650-661页

作者： Ziyan Pan Wai-Kay Seto Chun-Jen Liu Yilei Mao saleh A.alqahtani Mohammed Eslam Storr Liver Centre Westmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead Hospital and University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Department of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Liver Research The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University HospitalTaipei Hepatitis Research Center National Taiwan University HospitalTaipei Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipei Department of Liver Surgery Peking Union Medical College(PUMC)HospitalPUMC&Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Organ Transplant Center of Excellence King Faisal Specialist Hospital&Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia Division of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA

Background and Objective:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)poses a significant global health burden and ranks as the fifth most prevalent cancer on a global *** C virus(HCV)infection remains one of the major risk factors for HCC *** is a heterogeneous disease,and the development of HCC caused by HCV is intricate and involves various factors,including genetic susceptibility,viral factors,immune response due to chronic inflammation,alcohol abuse,and metabolic dysfunction associated with fatty liver *** this review,we provide a comprehensive and updated review of research on the genetics and epigenetic mechanisms implicated in developing HCC associated with HCV *** also discuss the potential translational implications,including novel biomarkers and drugs for ***:A comprehensive literature search was conducted in June 2023 in PubMed and Embase *** Content and Findings:Recent findings indicate that a variety of genetic and epigenetic processes are involved in the pathogenesis and continue to exist even after the complete elimination of *** deregulation of the epigenome has been identified as a significant factor in the deletrious effects of liver disease,especially during the initial stages when genetic alterations are *** enduring“epigenetic memory”of gene expression is believed to be regulated by epigenetic mechanisms,indicating that alterations caused by HCV infection continue to exist and are linked to the risk of development of liver cancer even after successful *** biology analytical methods will be required to delineate the magnitude and significance of both genetic and epigenomic alterations in tumor ***:By facilitating a more profound understanding of these aspects,this will ultimately foster the advancement of novel therapies and ultimately improve outcomes for patients.

关键词： Epigenetics genetics hepatitis C virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCV-related HCC) translational implications

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Response surface methodology-based optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of β-sitosterol and lupeol from Astragalus atropilosus(roots) and validation by HPTLC method

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2020年第6期10卷 281-292页

作者： Perwez Alam Nasir A.Siddiqui Ali S.alqahtani Anzarul Haque Omer A.Basudan saleh I.Alqasoumi M.U.Khan Department of Pharmacognosy College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box-2457Riyadh-11451Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmacognosy College of PharmacyPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KharjKSA Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry&Pharmacognosy Unaizah College of PharmacyQassim UniversityAl QassimSaudi Arabia

Objective:To optimize the ultrasonication method for efficient extraction ofβ-sitosterol and lupeol from the roots of Astragalus atropilosus using Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology(RSM),and its validation by high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC)***:Ultrasonication method was used to extractβ-sitosterol and lupeol from Astragalus atropilosus(roots).RSM was used to optimize the different extraction parameters *** to solid ratio(10–14 m L/g),temperature(60-80℃)and time(40–60 min)to maximize the yield ofβ-sitosterol and *** quantitative estimation ofβ-sitosterol and lupeol was done in chloroform extract of Astragalus atropilosus by validated HPTLC method on 10 cm×20 cm glass-backed silica gel 60 F254 plate using hexane and ethyl acetate(8:2,v/v)as mobile ***:A quadratic polynomial model was found to be most appropriate with regard to R1(yield of total extraction;R2/%CV=0.9948/0.28),R2(β-sitosterol yield;R2/%CV=0.9923/0.39)and R3(lupeol yield;R2/%CV=0.9942/0.97).The values of adjusted R2/predicted R2/signal to noise ratio for R1,R2,and R3 were 0.9782/0.9551/48.77,0.9904/0.9110/31.33,and 0.9927/0.9401/36.08,respectively,indicating a high degree of correlation and adequate *** linear correlation plot between the predicted and experimental values for R1,R2,and R3 showed high values of R2 ranging from 0.9905-0.9973.β-sitosterol and lupeol in chloroform extract of Astragalus atropilosus were detected at Rf values of 0.22 and 0.34,respectively,atλmax=518 *** optimized ultrasonic extraction produced 8.462%w/w of R1,0.451%w/w of R2 and 0.172%w/w of R3 at 13.5 m L/g liquid to solid ratio,78℃of temperature and 60 min of ***:The experimental findings of RSM optimized extraction and HPTLC analysis can be further applied for the efficient extraction ofβ-sitosterol and lupeol in other species of Astragalus.

关键词： β-sitosterol Lupeol Box-Behnken design Astragalus High performance thin layer chromatography

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Racial Differences Effects on Oral Health and Periodontal Diseases Extent, Staging and Grading among the Multi-Ethnic Expatriates in Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2021年第4期12卷 145-164页

作者： Mohammed M. A. Abdullah Al-Abdaly Sultan Mansour A. alqahtani Shaker saleh M. Alosman Ghadah Ali Saad alqahtani Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences Department College of Dentistry King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia College of Dentistry King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia

Background: Given the increase in the numbers of expatriates in Saudi Arabia and the shortage of information about expatriates’ oral health and periodontal disease severity and progression. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the racial differences on oral health and periodontal disease extent, staging, and grading among the multi-ethnic expatriates in the Aseer region, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 300 expatriates in Aseer region, Saudi Arabia. They were divided into three equal racial different groups (n = 100), Arabs (AR), Asians (AS), and Africans (AF). The interviews of all participants were completed then the clinical examinations of periodontal diseases extent, staging, and grading parameters were performed. Statistical analysis was done by ANOVA test, Tukey’s test, and Chi-square test. The statistical significance level was determined at p Results: There were statistically significant differences in the comparison between the three ethnic/racial groups in clinical parameters except in GBI, PCR, FI, TFO, and BC, where there were no statistically significant differences in the comparison between the three ethnic/racial groups. There were differences associated with age, gender, smoking, and diabetes, without statistically significant differences among the three racial groups. Conclusion: We concluded that most participants in this study had a generalized severe grade 4 plaque-induced gingivitis and localized periodontitis stage III grade B.

关键词： Multi-Ethnics Oral Health Periodontal Diseases Extent Staging and Grading

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Adherence to Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices in diabetes mellitus patients in Saudi Arabia:A multicenter retrospective study

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 440-454页

作者： saleh Fahad Alqifari Aya K Esmail Dalal M Alarifi Ghalya Y Alsuliman Maram M Alhati May R Mutlaq Mohammed Aldhaeefi Shaden A Alshuaibi Palanisamy Amirthalingam Abrar Abdallah Afaf S Wasel Heba R Hamad Shoroq Alamin Tasneem H Atia Tariq alqahtani Department of Pharmacy Practice University of TabukTabuk 71491Saudi Arabia Department of Clinical Sciences Sulaiman Alrajhi UniversityQassim 52726Saudi Arabia Department of Family Medicine International Medical CenterJeddah 23214Saudi Arabia Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy Sciences College of PharmacyHoward UniversityWashingtonDC 20059United States Department of Pharmacology King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesKing Abdullah International Medical Research CenterRiyadh 11481Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)are predisposed to an increased risk of infection signifying the importance of vaccination to protect against its potentially severe *** Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices(CDC/ACIP)issued immunization recommendations to protect this patient *** To assess the adherence of patients with DM to the CDC/ACIP immunization recommendations in Saudi Arabia and to identify the factors associated with the vaccine adherence *** An observational retrospective study conducted in 2023 was used to collect data on the vaccination records from 13 diabetes care centers in Saudi Arabia with 1000 eligible patients in phase I with data collected through chart review and 709 patients in phase II through online *** Among participants,10.01%(n=71)had never received any vaccine,while 85.89%(n=609)received at least one dose of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccine,and 34.83%(n=247)had received the annual influenza *** 2.96%(n=21),2.11%(n=15),and 1.12%(n=8)received herpes zoster,tetanus,diphtheria,and pertussis(Tdap),and human papillomavirus(HPV)vaccines,*** patients with DM in Saudi Arabia,the rate of vaccination for annual influenza and COVID-19 vaccines was higher compared to other vaccinations such as herpes zoster,Tdap,pneumococcal,and *** such as vaccine recommendations provided by family physicians or specialists,site of care,income level,DM-related hospitalization history,residency site,hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)level,and health sector type can significantly influence the vaccination rate in patients with *** non-vaccinated patients with DM,the most reported barriers were lack of knowledge and fear of side *** signifies the need for large-scale research in this area to identify additional factors that might facilitate adherence to CDC/ACIP vaccine recommendations in patients with *** In S

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Vaccine recommendation COVID-19 vaccine Influenza vaccine Pneumococcal vaccine Immunization Retrospective study

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