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Using Path Analysis to Identify the Influence of Climatic Factors on Spring Peak Flow Dominated by Snowmelt in an Alpine Watershed

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第4期11卷 990-1000页

作者： ZHANG Fei-Yun LI Lan-Hai ahmad sajjad LI Xue-Mei State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate School University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Nevada Las Vegas NV 89154-4015 USA Faculty of Geomatics Lanzhou Jiaotong University

Spring snowmelt peak flow(SSPF) can cause serious damage. Precipitation as rainfall directly contributes to the SSPF and influences the characteristics of the SSPF, while temperature indirectly impacts the SSPF by shaping snowmelt rate and determining the soil frozen state which partitions snowmelt water into surface runoff and soil infiltration water in spring. It is necessary to identify the important and significant paths of climatic factors influencing the SSPF and provide estimates of the magnitude and significance of hypothesized causal connections between climatic factors and the *** study used path analysis with a selection of five factors – the antecedent precipitation index(API),spring precipitation(SP), winter precipitation as snowfall(WS), 0°C temperature accumulation in spring(AT) – to analyze their influences on the SSPF in the Kaidu River in Xinjiang,China. The results show that |ATN|, AT and WS have a significant correlation with the SSPF, while API and SP do not show a significant correlation. AT and WS directly influence the SSPF, while as the influence of |ATN| on SSPF is indirect through WS and AT. The indirect influence of |ATN| on SSPF through WS accounts for 69% of the total influence of |ATN| on SSPF. Compared to the multiple linear regression method, path analysis provides additional valuable information, including influencing paths from independent variables to the dependent variable as well as direct and indirect impacts of external variables on the internal variable. This information can help improve the description of snow melt and spring runoff in hydrologic models as well as the planning and management of water resources.

关键词：路径分析融雪速度气候因素高峰流量多元线性回归方法流域高山春运

Glisson’s capsule in The Avicenna’s Canon of Medicine

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第5期12卷 804-805页

作者： sajjad Sadeghi Elnaz Dostmohammadi Mahdi Firoozi Department of Traditional Medicine School of Traditional MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Anesthesia Technology Student Research CommitteeSorkheh School of Allied Medical SciencesSemnan University of Medical SciencesSemnanIran Medical Surgical Nursing Sorkheh School of Allied Medical SciencesSemnan University of Medical SciencesSemnanIran

The rich history of anatomy in Persian Medicine is evident and significant(1).In the medieval era,there were a large number of experienced Persian physicians who studied and were experts in the field of human dissecti... 详细信息

关键词： Glisson’s capsule Francis Gleason Avicenna The Canon of Medicine

Drought Forecasting in a Semi-arid Watershed Using Climate Signals:a Neuro-fuzzy Modeling Approach

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第6期11卷 1593-1605页

作者： Bahram CHOUBIN shahram KHALIGHI-SIGAROODI Arash MALEKIAN sajjad ahmad Pedram ATTAROD Department of Watershed Management Sari University of Agriculture Sciences and Natural ResourcesSari 48181-68984Iran University of Tehran Faculty of Natural ResourcesKaraj 31585-3314 Iran Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of NevadaLas Vegas NV 89154-4015 USA

Large-scale annual climate indices were used to forecast annual drought conditions in the Maharlu-Bakhtegan watershed,located in Iran,using a neuro-fuzzy *** Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI) was used as a proxy for drought *** the 45 climate indices considered,eight identified as most relevant were the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation(AMO),Atlantic Meridional Mode(AMM),the Bivariate ENSO Time series(BEST),the East Central Tropical Pacific Surface Temperature(NINO 3.4),the Central Tropical Pacific Surface Temperature(NINO 4),the North Tropical Atlantic Index(NTA),the Southern Oscillation Index(SOI),and the Tropical Northern Atlantic Index(TNA).These indices accounted for 81% of the variance in the Principal Components Analysis(PCA) *** Atlantic surface temperature(SST:Atlantic) had an inverse relationship with SPI,and the AMM index had the highest *** forecasts of neuro-fuzzy model demonstrate better prediction at a two-year lag compared to a stepwise regression model.

关键词：神经模糊模型半干旱流域干旱预测气候指数模糊建模方法热带大西洋南方涛动指数热带太平洋

Deposition kinetics and mechanism of pyrocarbon for electromagnetic-coupling chemical vapor infiltration process

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第6期101卷 118-127页

作者： Chenglong Hu Rida Zhao sajjad Ali Yuanhong Wang Shengyang Pang Jian Li Sufang Tang Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Physics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China The 31st Research Institute of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corp Beijing 100074China

Although the electromagnetic-coupling chemical vapor infiltration(E-CVI)has been proven of a highefficiency technique for producing carbon fiber reinforced pyrocarbon(Py C)matrix(C/C)composites,a deep understanding of the deposition kinetics and mechanism of Py C matrix is still *** this work,a deposition model with uniform electric field but gradient magnetic field was set up by using unidirectional carbon fiber bundles as the substrates to investigate the deposition kinetics and ***,the polarizability,and the chemical adsorption and dehydrogenation barriers of hydrocarbon were simulated based on the density functional theory(DFT)and the Climb-image nudged elastic band method,*** E-CVI process exhibited extremely high Py C deposition rates of 8.7,11.5,16.5 and 22.7 nm/s at 700,750,800 and 850℃,respectively,together with a significantly low apparent activation energy of 57.9 k J/mol within the first 5 *** Py C deposited at different temperatures with different time shows a smooth laminar structure with low coherent length and graphitization *** theoretical calculation and simulation results indicated that the electrons existing on the carbon fibers and the accelerated motion of radicals with preferred orientation forced by the derived magnetic field have reduced the energy barrier for the deposition process,thereby resulting in low apparent activation energy and high Py C deposition *** results of this work may shed a light on how to better direct the preparation of C/C composites by E-CVI process with high quality and efficiency.

关键词： Electromagnetic-coupling chemical vapor infiltration CVI C/C composites Deposition mechanism

CO oxidation on MXene(Mo_(2)CS_(2)) supported single-atom catalyst: A termolecular Eley-Rideal mechanism

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中国化学快报：英文版 2023年第2期34卷 519-528页

作者： Shamraiz Hussain Talib Zhansheng Lu Beenish Bashir sajjad Hussain Khalil ahmad Salahuddin Khan sajjad Haider Zongxian Yang Kersti Hermansson Jun Li School of Physics Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics&Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Chemistry Minhaj UniversityLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Chemistry Mirpur University of Science and Technology(MUST)MirpurAJK 10250Pakistan College of Engineering King Saud UniversityPO Box 800Riyadh 11421Saudi Arabia Chemical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityPO Box 800Riyadh 11421Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry-Ångström Uppsala UniversityBox 538Uppsala 75121Sweden Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Finding transition metal catalysts for effective catalytic conversion of CO to CO_(2)has attracted much *** as a new 2D layered material of early transition metal carbides,nitrides,and carbo-nitrides is a robust support for achoring metal *** this study,the electronic structure,geometries,thermodynamic stability,and catalytic activity of MXene (Mo_(2)CS_(2)) supported single noble metal atoms (NM=Ru,Rh,Pd,Ir,Pt and Au) have been systematically examined using first-principles calculations and ab initio molecular dynamic (AIMD) ***,AIMD simulations and phonon spectra demonstrate the dynamic and thermal stabilities of Mo_(2)CS_(2)*** likely reaction pathways,LangmuirHinshelwood (LH),Eley-Rideal (ER),and Termolecular Eley–Rideal (TER) for CO oxidation on the Ru1-and Ir_(1)@Mo_(2)CS_(2)SACs,have been studied in *** is found that CO oxidation mainly proceeds via the TER mechanism under mild reaction *** corresponding rate-determining steps are the dissociation of the intermediate (OCO-Ru_(1)-OCO) and formation of OCO-Ir_(1)-OCO *** downshift d-band center of Ru1-and Ir_(1)@Mo_(2)CS_(2)help to enhance activity and improve catalytst ***,a microkinetic study predicts a maximum CO oxidation rate of 4.01×10^(2)s^(-1)and 4.15×10^(3)s^(-1)(298.15K) following the TER pathway for the Ru_(1)-and Ir_(1)@Mo_(2)CS_(2)catalysts,*** work provides guideline for fabricating and designing highly efficient SACs with superb catalyts using MXene materials.

关键词： CO oxidation Quantum chemical study 2D MXene monolayer M1@Mo_(2)CS_(2) Termolecular Eley–Rideal Single-atom catalysis

Hydrometallurgical leaching and kinetic modeling of low-grade manganese ore with banana peel in sulfuric acid

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第2期28卷 193-200页

作者： sajjad Ali Yaseen Iqbal Inamullah Khan Ansar Ullah Muhammad Sadiq Muhammad Fahad Khizar Hussain shah Materials Research Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of Peshawar25120 PeshawarPakistan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CampusUniversity Road 22060 AbbottabadPakistan Department of Chemistry COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CampusUniversity Road 22060 AbbottabadPakistan

Manganese was leached from a low-grade manganese ore(LGMO)using banana peel as the reductant in a dilute sulfuric acid *** effects of banana peel amount,H2SO4 concentration,reaction temperature,and time on Mn leaching from the complex LGMO were studied.A leaching efficiency of~98%was achieved at a leaching time of 2 h,banana peel amount of 4 g,leaching temperature of 120°C,manganese ore amount of 5 g,and sulfuric acid concentration of 15vol%.The phase,microstructural,and chemical analyses of LGMO samples before and after the leaching process confirmed the successful leaching of ***,the leaching process followed the shrinking core model and the leaching rate was controlled by a surface chemical reaction(1−(1−x)^1/3=kt)mechanism with an apparent activation energy of 40.19 kJ·mol^−1.

关键词： low-grade manganese ore glucose leaching kinetics activation energy

Genetic diversity and population structure of Pisum sativum accessions for marker-trait association of lipid content

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The Crop Journal 2015年第3期3卷 238-245页

作者： sajjad ahmad Simerjeet Kaur Neil Dylan Lamb-Palmer Mark Lefsrud Jaswinder Singh Department of Plant Science Mc Gill University Ste Anne de Bellevue Quebec H9X 3V9 Canada Department of Bioresource Engineering Mc Gill University Ste Anne de Bellevue Quebec H9X 3V9 Canada

Field pea(Pisum sativum L.) is an important protein-rich pulse crop produced globally. Increasing the lipid content of Pisum seeds through conventional and contemporary molecular breeding tools may bring added value to the crop. However, knowledge about genetic diversity and lipid content in field pea is limited. An understanding of genetic diversity and population structure in diverse germplasm is important and a prerequisite for genetic dissection of complex characteristics and marker-trait associations. Fifty polymorphic microsatellite markers detecting a total of 207 alleles were used to obtain information on genetic diversity, population structure and marker-trait associations. Cluster analysis was performed using UPGMA to construct a dendrogram from a pairwise similarity matrix. Pea genotypes were divided into five major clusters. A model-based population structure analysis divided the pea accessions into four groups. Percentage lipid content in 35 diverse pea accessions was used to find potential associations with the SSR markers. Markers AD73, D21, and AA5 were significantly associated with lipid content using a mixed linear model(MLM) taking population structure(Q) and relative kinship(K) into account. The results of this preliminary study suggested that the population could be used for marker-trait association mapping studies.

关键词： Diversity Field Pea Lipid content Marker-trait association Mixed linear model SSR

Reconfigurable Sensing Time in Cooperative Cognitive Network Using Machine Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5209-5227页

作者： Noor Gul Saeed Ahmed Su Min Kim Muhammad sajjad Khan Junsu Kim Department of Electronics Engineering Korea Polytechnic UniversityGyeonggi-do15073Korea Department of Electronics University of PeshawarPeshawar25120Pakistan Deparment of Electrical Engineering Mirpur University of Science of TechnologyAJ&KMirpur10250Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering International Islamic UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan

A cognitive radio network(CRN)intelligently utilizes the available spectral resources by sensing and learning from the radio environment to maximize spectrum *** CRNs,the secondary users(SUs)opportunistically access the primary users(PUs)***,unambiguous detection of the PU channel occupancy is the most critical aspect of the operations of *** spectrum sensing(CSS)is rated as the best choice for making reliable sensing *** paper employs machinelearning tools to sense the PU channels reliably in *** sensing parameters are reconfigured to maximize the spectrum utilization while reducing sensing error and cost with improved channel *** fine-k-nearest neighbor algorithm(FKNN),employed in this paper,estimates the number of samples based on the nature of the channel under-specific detection and false alarm probability *** simulation results reveal that the sensing cost is suppressed by reducing the sensing time and exploiting the traditional fusion rules,validating the effectiveness of the proposed ***,the global decision made at the fusion center(FC)based on the modified sensing samples,results low energy consumption,higher throughput,and improved detection with low error probabilities.

关键词： Energy detection machine learning k-nearest-neighbor decision tree linear regression throughput energy consumption

Assessment of Metals Concentration and Ecotoxicology of the Sediment Core of Rehri Creek, Karachi Coast, Pakistan

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第5期87卷 1434-1443页

作者： Muhammad Z. CHAUDHARY Nasir ahmad Azhar MASHIATULLAH sajjad MUNIR Tariq JAVED Isotope Application Division Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH) Institute of Geology University of the Punjab Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences Bahria University Islamanad

Trace metal concentrations were investigated in a recent sediment core collected from the Rehri Creek area of the Karachi coast, Sindh - Pakistan. The core was sliced horizontally at 2.5-cm intervals to determine grain size, sediment composition, pH, organic matter, and acid-leachable trace metals： cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, and zinc. The trace metals were analyzed by ICP. To separate anthropogenic from geogenic input, several approaches were made, including comparison with sediment quality guidelines--ecotoxicological sense of heavy metal contamination and classification by quantitative indexes. Grain-size analysis and sediment composition of core sample show a sandy nature with neutral pH. Elemental sequence （ES） of the trace metals is in the order of Zn （19.2-109.56 ppm）〉 Si （66.46-101.71 ppm）〉 Ba （12.05-26.86 ppm）〉 As （8.18-17.36 ppm）〉 Ni （4.2- 14.69 ppm）〉 Cr （3.02-9.62 ppm）〉 Pb （2.79-6.83 ppm）〉 Cu （2.2-5.29 ppm）〉 Co （0.9-2.05 ppm）. Thus it is likely that the area may face a serious threat of metal pollution with the present deposition rates unless stringent pollution control norms are adopted. The Sediment Geo-accumulation Index shows that there is no Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, or Fe pollution; however, the former index and the Pollution Load Index indicate arsenic pollution in the sediments.

关键词： trace elements lake sedimentation sediment quality guidelines pollution shale values