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End-to-End 2D Convolutional Neural Network Architecture for Lung Nodule Identification and Abnormal Detection in Cloud

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 461-475页

作者： safdar ali Saad Asad Zeeshan Asghar Atif ali Dohyeun Kim Department of Software Engineering the University of LahoreDefence Road CampusLahore55150Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering Jeju National UniversityAra CampusJeju City63243Korea

The extent of the peril associated with cancer can be perceivedfrom the lack of treatment, ineffective early diagnosis techniques, and mostimportantly its fatality rate. Globally, cancer is the second leading cause ofdeath and among over a hundred types of cancer;lung cancer is the secondmost common type of cancer as well as the leading cause of cancer-relateddeaths. Anyhow, an accurate lung cancer diagnosis in a timely manner canelevate the likelihood of survival by a noticeable margin and medical imagingis a prevalent manner of cancer diagnosis since it is easily accessible to peoplearound the globe. Nonetheless, this is not eminently efficacious consideringhuman inspection of medical images can yield a high false positive rate. Ineffectiveand inefficient diagnosis is a crucial reason for such a high mortalityrate for this malady. However, the conspicuous advancements in deep learningand artificial intelligence have stimulated the development of exceedinglyprecise diagnosis systems. The development and performance of these systemsrely prominently on the data that is used to train these systems. A standardproblem witnessed in publicly available medical image datasets is the severeimbalance of data between different classes. This grave imbalance of data canmake a deep learning model biased towards the dominant class and unableto generalize. This study aims to present an end-to-end convolutional neuralnetwork that can accurately differentiate lung nodules from non-nodules andreduce the false positive rate to a bare minimum. To tackle the problem ofdata imbalance, we oversampled the data by transforming available images inthe minority class. The average false positive rate in the proposed method isa mere 1.5 percent. However, the average false negative rate is 31.76 *** proposed neural network has 68.66 percent sensitivity and 98.42 percentspecificity.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks medical image processing lung nodule identification data imbalance deep learning

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Developing a Breast Cancer Resistance Protein Substrate Prediction System Using Deep Features and LDA

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第8期76卷 1643-1663页

作者： Mehdi Hassan safdar ali Jin Young Kim Muhammad Sanaullah Hani Alquhayz Khushbakht safdar Department of Computer Science Air UniversitySector E-9PAF ComplexIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of ICT Convergence System Engineering Chonnam National UniversityGwangjuKorea Directorate of National Repository IslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information College of Science in ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission General HospitalIslamabadPakistan

Breast cancer resistance protein(BCRP)is an important resistance protein that significantly impacts anticancer drug discovery,treatment,and *** identification of BCRP substrates is quite a challenging *** study aims to predict early substrate structure,which can help to optimize anticancer drug development and clinical *** this study,a novel intelligent approach-based methodology is developed by modifying the ResNet101 model using transfer learning(TL)for automatic deep feature(DF)extraction followed by classification with linear discriminant analysis algorithm(TLRNDF-LDA).This study utilized structural fingerprints,which are exploited by DF contrary to conventional molecular *** proposed in silico model achieved an outstanding accuracy performance of 98.56%on test data compared to other state-of-the-art approaches using standard quality ***,the model’s efficacy is validated via a statistical *** is demonstrated that the developedmodel can be used effectively for early prediction of the substrate *** pipeline of this study is flexible and can be extended for in vitro assessment efficacy of anticancer drug response,identification of BCRP functions in transport experiments,and prediction of prostate or lung cancer cell lines.

关键词： BCRP drug response deep learning transfer learning LDA In silico

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Analysis of socio-environmental impacts of the loss of urban trees and vegetation in Lahore,Pakistan:a review of public perception

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Ecological Processes 2016年第1期5卷 48-59页

作者： safdar ali Shirazi Jamil H.Kazmi Department of Geography University of the PunjabQuaid-i-Azam CampusLahorePakistan Department of Geography University of KarachiKarachiPakistan

Introduction:This paper focused on the process of urbanization in Lahore and its correlation with the loss of urban vegetation and perceived environmental impacts based on local population’s perception through administration of a questionnaire *** is known as a city of gardens and green spaces in Pakistan and always possessed rich green character in its long *** the past few decades due to rapid urbanization,the city has lost its aesthetically important urban vegetation,tress,and *** field studies and remote sensing data revealed that the loss of vegetation has been experienced at an astonishing rate in many union councils of the ***:This study was conceived to probe importance and value of the urban tress and vegetation of Lahore in an environmental context and its general importance for the residents of the *** objectives were to analyze the role of vegetation in the life of citizens;the specific objective was to reveal the attitudes and responses of city dwellers about loss of urban trees/vegetation and its role in the overall environment,process of urbanization,and maintenance *** the present paper,perception of local people(n=2080)regarding the socio-environmental impacts due to the ongoing process of urbanization and detriments of vegetation loss has been probed through administration of a household *** collected data has been tested with respondent’s age,gender,marital status,education,monthly income,and ***:This study was an attempt to document and explore the change in historical transformation in vegetation and perception of the sample population of *** perception survey has revealed that urbanization is the major cause of loss of vegetation and has caused a number of perceived environmental problems in the ***:The study underlined an analysis of people’s perceptions regarding the loss of trees and *** perceived socio-environmental findings revea

关键词： Anthropogenic Union council Socio-environmental Perception Vegetation Urban trees

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Binary phase solid-state photopolymerization of acrylates： design, characterization and biomineralization of 3D scaffolds for tissue engineering

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2017年第4期11卷 307-317页

作者： Inamullah MAITLO safdar ali Muhammad Yasir AKRAM Farooq Khurum SHEHZAD Jun NIE State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering & Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China

Porous polymer scaffolds designed by the cryogel method are attractive materials for a range of tissue engineering applications. However, the use of toxic cross- linker for retaining the pore structure limits their clinical applications. In this research, acrylates （HEA/PEGDA, HEMA/PEGDA and PEGDA） were used in the low-temperature solid-state photopolymerization to produce porous scaffolds with good structural retention. The morphology, pore diameter, mineral deposition and water absorption of the scaffold were characterized by SEM and water absorption test respectively. Elemental analysis and cytotoxicity of the biomineralized scaffold were revealed by using XRD and MTT assay test. The PEGDA-derived scaffold showed good water absorption ability and a higher degree of porosity with larger pore size compared to others. XRD patterns and IR results confirmed the formation of hydroxyapatite crystals from an alternative socking process. The overall cell proliferation was excellent, where PEGDA-derived scaffold had the highest and the most uniform cell growth, while HEMAJPEGDA scaffold showed the least. These results suggest that the cell proliferation and adhesion are directly proportional to the pore size, the shape and the porosity of scaffolds.

关键词： binary phase solid-state photopolymerization phase separation tissue engineering biomineralization MTT

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Drug Response Prediction of Liver Cancer Cell Line Using Deep Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 2743-2760页

作者： Mehdi Hassan safdar ali Muhammad Sanaullah Khuram Shahzad Sadaf Mushtaq Rashda Abbasi Zulqurnain ali Hani Alquhayz Department of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Directorate General National Repository Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Department of Physics Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Biotechnology Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad44000Pakistan Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information College of Science in ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Cancer is the second deadliest human disease worldwide with high mortality *** and treatment of this disease requires precise and automatic assessment of effective drug response and control *** of treated and untreated cancerous cell line is one of the most challenging problems for precise and targeted drug delivery and response.A novel approach is proposed for prediction of drug treated and untreated cancer cell line automatically by employing modified Deep neural *** hepatocellular carcinoma(HepG2)cells are exposed to anticancer drug functionalized CFO@BTO nanoparticles developed by our *** models are developed by modifying ResNet101 and exploiting the transfer learning *** three layers of ResNet101 are re-trained for the identification of drug treated cancer *** learning approach in an appropriate choice especially when there is limited amount of annotated *** proposed technique is validated on acquired 203 fluorescentmicroscopy images of human HepG2 cells treated with drug functionalized cobalt ferrite@barium titanate(CFO@BTO)magnetoelectric nanoparticles in *** developed approach achieved high prediction with accuracy of 97.5%and sensitivity of 100%and outperformed other *** high performance reveals the effectiveness of the *** is scalable and fully automatic prediction approach which can be extended for other similar cell diseases such as lung,brain tumor and breast cancer.

关键词： Drug delivery in vitro transfer learning microscopic images deep learning

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New Applications to Solitary Wave Ansatz

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Applied Mathematics 2014年第6期5卷 969-974页

作者： Muhammad Younis safdar ali Centre for Undergraduate Studies University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan Department of Mathematics Minhaj University Lahore Pakistan

In this article, the solitary wave and shock wave solitons for nonlinear Ostrovsky equation and Potential Kadomstev-Petviashvili equations have been obtained. The solitary wave ansatz is used to carry out the solutions.

关键词： Solitary Wave Solitons Shock Wave Solitons The Ostrovsky Equation The Potential Kadomstev-Petviashvili Equation Solitary Wave Ansatz

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Correction to: Analysis of socioenvironmental impacts of the loss of urban trees and vegetation in Lahore, Pakistan: a review of public perception

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 342-343页

作者： safdar ali Shirazi Jamil H.Kazmi Department of Geography University of the PunjabQuaid-i-Azam CampusLahorePakistan Department of Geography University of KarachiKarachiPakistan.

Correction to:Ecol Process https://***/10.1186/s13717-016-0050-8 In the original publication of this article(Shirazi et al.,2016)the author figured out that in the Fig.1,the upper left corner Map of Pakistan was inappropriate as per the national *** map of Pakistan,Jammu&Kashmir(occupied by India)must be shown annexed with Pakistan while mentioning Azad Jammu&Kashmir as disputed territory.

关键词： al. Pakistan occupied

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Optimal Placement of Distribution Generation Sources in Hybrid Generation Network

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2021年第5期12卷 65-80页

作者： Danish ali Ward Ul Hijaz Paul Md safdar ali Mubassir Ahmad Haroon Ashfaq Department of Electrical Engineering Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi India

The ideal places and size of the distribution generators were determined by reducing the loss of power in the distribution networks. The ideal positioning of various kinds of DGs has been suggested in the current job. In this job, the ideal power factor for DG supply has been acquired, both the active power as well as the reactive power. In the proposed approach, different types of distribution generation (DG) supply both reactive and real power. For the optimal placement of DG sources, particle swarm optimization techniques have been used in this job. Each of these innovations has its own strengths and drawbacks. Most of the methods that have been proposed so far to formulate DG’s optimum placement problem only consider Type-I DGs, Type-II and Type-III DGs that are considered for optimal position in the existing research. In the reference, artificial bee colony algorithm was used to determine sites of DGs and condenser combinations and optimal size. The author used PSO method in the reference to determine the appropriate positioning of the DG’s and to maximize the savings of power loss and voltage profile in the distribution network.

关键词： Distribution Generators Renewable Integration Optimal Allocation Particle Swarm Optimization

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An Efficient Hybrid TLBO-PSO Approach for Congestion Management Employing Real Power Generation Rescheduling

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2021年第8期12卷 113-135页

作者： Muneeb Ul Bashir Ward Ul Hijaz Paul Mubassir Ahmad Danish ali Md. safdar ali Department of Electrical Engineering Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi India

In the present deregulated electricity market, power system congestion is the main complication that an independent system operator (ISO) faces on a regular basis. Transmission line congestion trigger serious problems for smooth functioning in restructured power system causing an increase in the cost of transmission hence affecting market efficiency. Thus, it is of utmost importance for the investigation of various techniques in order to relieve congestion in the transmission network. Generation rescheduling is one of the most efficacious techniques to do away with the problem of congestion. For optimizing the congestion cost, this work suggests a hybrid optimization based on two effective algorithms viz Teaching learning-based optimization (TLBO) algorithm and Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. For binding the constraints, the traditional penalty function technique is incorporated. Modified IEEE 30-bus test system and modified IEEE 57-bus test system are used to inspect the usefulness of the suggested methodology.

关键词： Congestion Management Deregulation Optimal Power Flow Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO) Power System Modeling

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煤炭腐植酸作为土壤改良剂对土壤物理性质和小麦产量的影响

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腐植酸 2016年第3期 26-32页

作者： Ijaz Ahmad safdar ali Khalid Saifullah Khan Fayyazul Hassan Kashif Bashir 何一通孙志梅巴基斯坦拉瓦尔品第PMAS干旱农业大学土壤和土壤水资源保护学院拉瓦尔品第46000 巴基斯坦拉瓦尔品第PMAS干旱农业大学农学院拉瓦尔品第46000 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院保定071000

在巴基斯坦旁遮普的波特瓦地区(33°N,74°E),集约化土壤耕作,土壤侵蚀和低量作物残体的投入是导致土壤结构退化的原因。结构不稳定的土壤很容易受到侵蚀,反过来,土壤侵蚀又会造成作物产量的下降。因此,为了改善土壤的物理性状,在巴基... 详细信息

在巴基斯坦旁遮普的波特瓦地区(33°N,74°E),集约化土壤耕作,土壤侵蚀和低量作物残体的投入是导致土壤结构退化的原因。结构不稳定的土壤很容易受到侵蚀,反过来,土壤侵蚀又会造成作物产量的下降。因此,为了改善土壤的物理性状,在巴基斯坦旁遮普的干旱地区进行了田间试验。试验地点位于大学(拉瓦尔品第PMAS干旱农业大学)研究农场的园区内。2种不同等级(实验室级和商品级)的腐植酸(HA)各分8个水平,施用2年,处理分别为HL_0(对照,不施腐植酸),HL_1 10 kg HA/hm^2,HL_2 20 kg HA/hm^2,HL_3 30 kg HA/hm^2,HL_4 60 kg HA/hm^2,HL_5 90 kg HA/hm^2,HL_6 120 kg HA/hm^2和HL_7 150 kg HA/hm^2,各处理同时配合施用N-P-K(120-90-60 kg/hm^2)。试验期间,检测土壤总有机碳、饱和导水率、团聚体稳定性、容重、土壤含水量和作物产量。试验结果表明,腐植酸能通过影响土壤总有机碳、饱和导水率、团聚体稳定性、容重和土壤含水量等指标来改善土壤的物理性状。2年试验结果均表现为,实验室级的腐植酸比商品级的腐植酸能更好地改善土壤物理性状,从而提高小麦产量。2种不同级别的腐植酸各施用水平与对照相比,差异均显著。在120 kg/hm^2和150 kg/hm^2的腐植酸施用水平下,大多数指标均显示出了相似的结果,因此,从经济角度考虑,120 k g/hm^2的腐植酸用量为最佳施用量。

关键词：实验室级腐植酸饱和导水率团聚体稳定性土壤有机碳小麦产量

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