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End-to-End 2D Convolutional Neural Network Architecture for Lung Nodule Identification and Abnormal Detection in Cloud

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 461-475页

作者： safdar ali Saad Asad Zeeshan Asghar Atif ali Dohyeun Kim Department of Software Engineering the University of LahoreDefence Road CampusLahore55150Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering Jeju National UniversityAra CampusJeju City63243Korea

The extent of the peril associated with cancer can be perceivedfrom the lack of treatment, ineffective early diagnosis techniques, and mostimportantly its fatality rate. Globally, cancer is the second leading cause ofdeath and among over a hundred types of cancer;lung cancer is the secondmost common type of cancer as well as the leading cause of cancer-relateddeaths. Anyhow, an accurate lung cancer diagnosis in a timely manner canelevate the likelihood of survival by a noticeable margin and medical imagingis a prevalent manner of cancer diagnosis since it is easily accessible to peoplearound the globe. Nonetheless, this is not eminently efficacious consideringhuman inspection of medical images can yield a high false positive rate. Ineffectiveand inefficient diagnosis is a crucial reason for such a high mortalityrate for this malady. However, the conspicuous advancements in deep learningand artificial intelligence have stimulated the development of exceedinglyprecise diagnosis systems. The development and performance of these systemsrely prominently on the data that is used to train these systems. A standardproblem witnessed in publicly available medical image datasets is the severeimbalance of data between different classes. This grave imbalance of data canmake a deep learning model biased towards the dominant class and unableto generalize. This study aims to present an end-to-end convolutional neuralnetwork that can accurately differentiate lung nodules from non-nodules andreduce the false positive rate to a bare minimum. To tackle the problem ofdata imbalance, we oversampled the data by transforming available images inthe minority class. The average false positive rate in the proposed method isa mere 1.5 percent. However, the average false negative rate is 31.76 *** proposed neural network has 68.66 percent sensitivity and 98.42 percentspecificity.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks medical image processing lung nodule identification data imbalance deep learning

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Developing a Breast Cancer Resistance Protein Substrate Prediction System Using Deep Features and LDA

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第8期76卷 1643-1663页

作者： Mehdi Hassan safdar ali Jin Young Kim Muhammad Sanaullah Hani Alquhayz Khushbakht safdar Department of Computer Science Air UniversitySector E-9PAF ComplexIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of ICT Convergence System Engineering Chonnam National UniversityGwangjuKorea Directorate of National Repository IslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information College of Science in ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission General HospitalIslamabadPakistan

Breast cancer resistance protein(BCRP)is an important resistance protein that significantly impacts anticancer drug discovery,treatment,and *** identification of BCRP substrates is quite a challenging *** study aims to predict early substrate structure,which can help to optimize anticancer drug development and clinical *** this study,a novel intelligent approach-based methodology is developed by modifying the ResNet101 model using transfer learning(TL)for automatic deep feature(DF)extraction followed by classification with linear discriminant analysis algorithm(TLRNDF-LDA).This study utilized structural fingerprints,which are exploited by DF contrary to conventional molecular *** proposed in silico model achieved an outstanding accuracy performance of 98.56%on test data compared to other state-of-the-art approaches using standard quality ***,the model’s efficacy is validated via a statistical *** is demonstrated that the developedmodel can be used effectively for early prediction of the substrate *** pipeline of this study is flexible and can be extended for in vitro assessment efficacy of anticancer drug response,identification of BCRP functions in transport experiments,and prediction of prostate or lung cancer cell lines.

关键词： BCRP drug response deep learning transfer learning LDA In silico

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Drug Response Prediction of Liver Cancer Cell Line Using Deep Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 2743-2760页

作者： Mehdi Hassan safdar ali Muhammad Sanaullah Khuram Shahzad Sadaf Mushtaq Rashda Abbasi Zulqurnain ali Hani Alquhayz Department of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Directorate General National Repository Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Department of Physics Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Biotechnology Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad44000Pakistan Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information College of Science in ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Cancer is the second deadliest human disease worldwide with high mortality *** and treatment of this disease requires precise and automatic assessment of effective drug response and control *** of treated and untreated cancerous cell line is one of the most challenging problems for precise and targeted drug delivery and response.A novel approach is proposed for prediction of drug treated and untreated cancer cell line automatically by employing modified Deep neural *** hepatocellular carcinoma(HepG2)cells are exposed to anticancer drug functionalized CFO@BTO nanoparticles developed by our *** models are developed by modifying ResNet101 and exploiting the transfer learning *** three layers of ResNet101 are re-trained for the identification of drug treated cancer *** learning approach in an appropriate choice especially when there is limited amount of annotated *** proposed technique is validated on acquired 203 fluorescentmicroscopy images of human HepG2 cells treated with drug functionalized cobalt ferrite@barium titanate(CFO@BTO)magnetoelectric nanoparticles in *** developed approach achieved high prediction with accuracy of 97.5%and sensitivity of 100%and outperformed other *** high performance reveals the effectiveness of the *** is scalable and fully automatic prediction approach which can be extended for other similar cell diseases such as lung,brain tumor and breast cancer.

关键词： Drug delivery in vitro transfer learning microscopic images deep learning

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Analysis of socio-environmental impacts of the loss of urban trees and vegetation in Lahore,Pakistan:a review of public perception

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Ecological Processes 2016年第1期5卷 48-59页

作者： safdar ali Shirazi Jamil H.Kazmi Department of Geography University of the PunjabQuaid-i-Azam CampusLahorePakistan Department of Geography University of KarachiKarachiPakistan

Introduction:This paper focused on the process of urbanization in Lahore and its correlation with the loss of urban vegetation and perceived environmental impacts based on local population’s perception through administration of a questionnaire *** is known as a city of gardens and green spaces in Pakistan and always possessed rich green character in its long *** the past few decades due to rapid urbanization,the city has lost its aesthetically important urban vegetation,tress,and *** field studies and remote sensing data revealed that the loss of vegetation has been experienced at an astonishing rate in many union councils of the ***:This study was conceived to probe importance and value of the urban tress and vegetation of Lahore in an environmental context and its general importance for the residents of the *** objectives were to analyze the role of vegetation in the life of citizens;the specific objective was to reveal the attitudes and responses of city dwellers about loss of urban trees/vegetation and its role in the overall environment,process of urbanization,and maintenance *** the present paper,perception of local people(n=2080)regarding the socio-environmental impacts due to the ongoing process of urbanization and detriments of vegetation loss has been probed through administration of a household *** collected data has been tested with respondent’s age,gender,marital status,education,monthly income,and ***:This study was an attempt to document and explore the change in historical transformation in vegetation and perception of the sample population of *** perception survey has revealed that urbanization is the major cause of loss of vegetation and has caused a number of perceived environmental problems in the ***:The study underlined an analysis of people’s perceptions regarding the loss of trees and *** perceived socio-environmental findings revea

关键词： Anthropogenic Union council Socio-environmental Perception Vegetation Urban trees

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Binary phase solid-state photopolymerization of acrylates： design, characterization and biomineralization of 3D scaffolds for tissue engineering

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2017年第4期11卷 307-317页

作者： Inamullah MAITLO safdar ali Muhammad Yasir AKRAM Farooq Khurum SHEHZAD Jun NIE State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering & Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China

Porous polymer scaffolds designed by the cryogel method are attractive materials for a range of tissue engineering applications. However, the use of toxic cross- linker for retaining the pore structure limits their clinical applications. In this research, acrylates （HEA/PEGDA, HEMA/PEGDA and PEGDA） were used in the low-temperature solid-state photopolymerization to produce porous scaffolds with good structural retention. The morphology, pore diameter, mineral deposition and water absorption of the scaffold were characterized by SEM and water absorption test respectively. Elemental analysis and cytotoxicity of the biomineralized scaffold were revealed by using XRD and MTT assay test. The PEGDA-derived scaffold showed good water absorption ability and a higher degree of porosity with larger pore size compared to others. XRD patterns and IR results confirmed the formation of hydroxyapatite crystals from an alternative socking process. The overall cell proliferation was excellent, where PEGDA-derived scaffold had the highest and the most uniform cell growth, while HEMAJPEGDA scaffold showed the least. These results suggest that the cell proliferation and adhesion are directly proportional to the pore size, the shape and the porosity of scaffolds.

关键词： binary phase solid-state photopolymerization phase separation tissue engineering biomineralization MTT

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Genuine entanglement under squeezed generalized amplitude damping channels with memory

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 158-163页

作者： Mazhar ali Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringIslamic University MadinahMadinah 107Saudi Arabia

We study genuine entanglement among three qubits undergoing a noisy process that includes dissipation, squeezing,and decoherence. We obtain a general solution and analyze the asymptotic quantum states. We find that most of these asymptotic states can be genuinely entangled depending upon the parameters of the channel, memory parameter, and the parameters of the initial states. We study Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger(GHZ) states and W states, mixed with white noise,and determine the conditions for them to be genuinely entangled at infinity. We find that for these mixtures, it is possible to start with a bi-separable state(with a specific mixture of white noise) and end with genuine entangled states. However, the memory parameter μ must be very high. We find that in contrast to the two-qubit case, none of the three-qubit asymptotic states for n → ∞ are genuinely entangled.

关键词： genuine entanglement squeezed thermal baths multipartite states

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New Applications to Solitary Wave Ansatz

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Applied Mathematics 2014年第6期5卷 969-974页

作者： Muhammad Younis safdar ali Centre for Undergraduate Studies University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan Department of Mathematics Minhaj University Lahore Pakistan

In this article, the solitary wave and shock wave solitons for nonlinear Ostrovsky equation and Potential Kadomstev-Petviashvili equations have been obtained. The solitary wave ansatz is used to carry out the solutions.

关键词： Solitary Wave Solitons Shock Wave Solitons The Ostrovsky Equation The Potential Kadomstev-Petviashvili Equation Solitary Wave Ansatz

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Heat transfer analysis in particle-laden flows using the immersed boundary method

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 394-403页

作者： ali Abbas Zaidi Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Manitoba75A Chancellors CircleWinnipegR3T 5V6Canada

This paper investigates an efficient immersed boundary method(IBM)for multiple-core CPU machines with local grid refinement for the calculation of heat transfer between fluids and finite-sized *** fluid momentum equations are solved by using the fractional step method,while the energy equation is solved by employing the second-order Adams-Bashforth *** efficient load balancing between the CPU cores,the coupling between particles and fluid is obtained by applying the body force in the fluid equations,which depends on the solid volume fraction of particles contained in each grid cell,and then by linearly interpolating the particle temperature and velocity on the fluid grid cell(in place of the delta function commonly used in literature).Several test cases from the literature are studied,and good agreement is observed between the simulation results and the ***,a scaling study on multiple core machines is performed,demonstrating the proposed IBM's capabilities for a significant reduction in processing time.

关键词： Heat transfer Immersed boundary method Particle resolved direct numerical simulations Fluid solid interactions

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Simulation of the deformable lateral boundaries in biaxial test using DEM

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 161-175页

作者： ali Momeni Barry Clarke Yong Sheng ali Hassanpour WSP 3 Wellington PlaceLeedsLS1 4APUK Hull University HullHU6 7RXUK School of Civil Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK School of Computer Science University of HullHullHU6 7RXUK School of Chemical and Process Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK

Applying the discrete element method(DEM)in soil mechanics can provide abundant information at the particle-scale and facilitates illustration of the macro-mechanical behaviour of soils based on the inter-particle *** triaxial test is one of the most common laboratory methods to study the macro-mechanical behaviour of particulate materials such as ***,many problems in geotechnical design can be assumed and simplified as a plane strain *** a biaxial test can be conducted to reproduce the macro-mechanical behaviour of soil,where the sample is enclosed by two horizontal rigid platens and a vertical latex membrane,which is a deformable continuous element and allows the enclosed specimen to deform freely while maintaining confining stress during *** paper presents an algorithm to represent physical and mechanical characteristics of latex membrane in the 2D DEM simulation of biaxial test using the PFC^(2D) *** investigate the impact of the lateral boundary conditions on the micro-macro mechanical behaviours of soil samples,two sets of DEM biaxial tests are conducted,*** rigid and deformable lateral boundary *** DEM modeling results indicate that the lateral boundary conditions have a significant effect on the micro-scale fabric properties,thickness and inclination of the shear *** comparison between these two simulations also demonstrates that the lateral boundary conditions play a major role in the peak and post-peak stress-strain behaviours as well as the dilation and critical state behaviours of granular soils.

关键词： Discrete element method Biaxial test Deformable boundaries Shear band Critical state Fabric anisotropy Geometrical stability index

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Sensing the heavy water concentration in an H_(2)O-D_(2)O mixture by solid-solid phononic crystals

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 493-498页

作者： Mohammadreza Rahimi ali Bahrami Optoelectronic and Nanophotonics Research Laboratory(ONRL) Faculty of Electrical EngineeringSahand University of TechnologyTabrizIran

A new method based on phononic crystals is presented to detect the concentration of heavy water(D_(2)O)in an H_(2)O-D_(2)O *** have been obtained and analyzed in the concentration range of 0%-10%and 90%-100%D_(2)O.A proposed structure of tungsten scatterers in an aluminum host is *** order to detect the target material,a cavity region is considered as a sound wave resonator in which the target material with different concentrations of D_(2)O is *** changing the concentration of D_(2)O in the H_(2)O-D_(2)O mixture,the resonance frequency undergoes a frequency *** 1%change in D_(2)O concentration in the H_(2)O-D_(2)O mixture causes a frequency change of about 120 *** finite element method is used as the numerical method to calculate and analyze the natural frequencies and transmission spectra of the proposed *** performance evaluation index shows a high Q factor up to 1475758 and a high sensitivity up to 13075,which are acceptable values for sensing *** other figures of merit related to the detection performance also indicate high-quality performance of the designed sensor.

关键词： phononic crystals sensor H_(2)O-D_(2)O mixture cavity

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