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COVID-19 pandemic and the cyberthreat landscape:Research challenges and opportunities

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第1期9卷 211-222页

作者： Heba Saleous Muhusina Ismail Saleh HAlDaajeh Nisha Madathil saed alrabaee Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo Nabeel Al-Qirim Information Systems and Security College of ITUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl AinUnited Arab Emirates Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security The University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249USA College of Technological Innovations(CIT) Zayed UniversityUAE

Although cyber technologies benefit our society,there are also some related cybersecurity *** example,cybercriminals may exploit vulnerabilities in people,processes,and technologies during trying times,such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic,to identify opportunities that target vulnerable individuals,organizations(e.g.,medical facilities),and *** this paper,we examine the various cyberthreats associated with the COVID-19 *** also determine the attack vectors and surfaces of ***,we will discuss and analyze the insights and suggestions generated by different cyberattacks against individuals,organizations,and systems.

关键词： COVID-19 Cyberattacks Security and privacy Mitigation Potential solutions

Oncological features and prognosis of colorectal cancer in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients: A retrospective study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第1期16卷 29-39页

作者： Fu-Yu Yang Fan He De-Fei Chen Cheng-Lin Tang saed Woraikat Yao Li Kun Qian Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of General Surgery Chongqing Public Health Medical CenterChongqing 400036China

BACKGROUND Due to the prolonged life expectancy and increased risk of colorectal cancer(CRC)among patients with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection,the prognosis and pathological features of CRC in HIV-positive patients require *** To compare the differences in oncological features,surgical safety,and prognosis between patients with and without HIV infection who have CRC at the same tumor stage and *** In this retrospective study,we collected data from HIV-positive and-negative patients who underwent radical resection for *** random stratified sampling,24 HIV-positive and 363 HIV-negative patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma after radical resection were *** propensity score matching,we selected 72 patients,matched 1:2(HIV-positive:negative=24:48).Differences in basic characteristics,HIV acquisition,perioperative serological indicators,surgical safety,oncological features,and long-term prognosis were compared between the two *** Fewer patients with HIV infection underwent chemotherapy compared to patients ***-positive patients had fewer preoperative and postoperative leukocytes,fewer preoperative lymphocytes,lower carcinoembryonic antigen levels,more intraoperative blood loss,more metastatic lymph nodes,higher node stage,higher tumor node metastasis stage,shorter overall survival,and shorter progression-free survival compared to patients who were *** Compared with CRC patients who are HIV-negative,patients with HIV infection have more metastatic lymph nodes and worse long-term survival after *** treatment options for HIV-positive patients with CRC should be explored.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Human immunodeficiency virus Propensity score matching Oncological features Surgical safety Prognosis

A Review on Selenium Function under Oxidative Stress in Plants Focusing on ROS Production and

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第7期92卷 1921-1941页

作者： Armin saed-Moucheshi Elham Rezaei Mirghaed Horticulture and Crop Research Department Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center(AREEO)KermanshahIran Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Faculty of AgricultureLorestan UniversityKhorramabadIran

One of the main reasons of the annual reduction in plant production all around the world is the occurrence of abiotic stresses as a result of an unpredicted changes in environmental *** stresses basically trigger numerous pathways related to oxygen free radicals’generation resulting in a higher rate of reactive oxygen species(ROS)***,higher rate of oxygen free radicals than its steady state causes to oxidize various types of molecules and compartments within the plants’cells and *** stress is the result of high amount free radicals of oxygen interfering with different functions leading to undergo signiﬁcant changes from molecular to phenotypic *** response to oxidative stress,plants deploy different enzymatic and non-enzy-matic antioxidant mechanisms to detoxify extra free radicals and get back to a normal *** some spe-ciﬁc treatments have shown to signiﬁcantly affect the antioxidant capacity and efﬁciency of the stressed cells and *** of such reportedly effective treatments is the utilization of selenium(Se)element in stressed *** the past years some different experiments evaluated the probable effect or efﬁciency of Se regarding its impact on plant under oxidative ***,based on the recent studies,Se has a signiﬁcant role in plant responses to abiotic stresses probably due to its ability to improve the plants’tolerance to oxidative *** signiﬁcant inﬂuences of Se,and its related components such as nano-selenium,in plants under oxidative stress rooting from abiotic stresses,along with the newﬁnding pertaining to its metabolism and translocation mechanisms inside the plant cells under oxidative stress condition are clearly explained in this ***,there are still lack of a comprehensive explanation related to the precise mechanism of Se in plants under oxida-tive stress.

关键词： Reactive oxygen species abiotic stress reactive oxygen species stress tolerance antioxidant defense system

Testing the short-termism hypothesis:Institutional investors,family control,and capital spending in Malaysia

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2022年第2期6卷 67-77页

作者： saed A.Sulub Zalailah Salleh Hafiza Aishah Hashim School of Graduate Studies University of Hargeisa25263 HargeisaSomaliland Faculty of Business Economics and Social DevelopmentUniversiti Malaysia Terengganu21030Kuala TerengganuMalaysia

We have examined whether institutional ownership and family control in Malaysia are linked to capital *** panel data from 220 listed companies in Malaysia,we showed that institutional ownership is positively associated with capital expenditure(CAPEX).Consistent with institutional investors’monitoring role in corporate governance,the results indicate that this relationship was driven by the presence of growth ***,we found that family control was negatively associated with *** analyses showed that this relationship was moderated by company *** larger family firms invest less in CAPEX,smaller family firms invest more in CAPEX,indicating that the benefits of lower agency conflicts in family firms hold only for smaller *** results are robust to alternative empirical measurements that account for firm characteristics and the endogeneity of institutional shareholding.

关键词： Institutional investors Innovation Capital expenditures Corporate governance Malaysia

A Comprehensive Guide for Selecting Appropriate Statistical Tests: Understanding When to Use Parametric and Nonparametric Tests

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Open Journal of Statistics 2023年第4期13卷 464-474页

作者： saed Jama Abdi Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) Mogadishu Somalia

Choosing appropriate statistical tests is crucial but deciding which tests to use can be challenging. Different tests suit different types of data and research questions, so it is important to choose the right one. Knowing how to select an appropriate test can lead to more accurate results. Invalid results and misleading conclusions may be drawn from a study if an incorrect statistical test is used. Therefore, to avoid these it is essential to understand the nature of the data, the research question, and the assumptions of the tests before selecting one. This is because there are a wide variety of tests available. This paper provides a step-by-step approach to selecting the right statistical test for any study, with an explanation of when it is appropriate to use it and relevant examples of each statistical test. Furthermore, this guide provides a comprehensive overview of the assumptions of each test and what to do if these assumptions are violated.

关键词： Statistical Tests Levels of Measurement Parametric Nonparametric Normal Distribution

Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Isolated Bacteria from Otitis Media in Children at Mohamed Aden Sheikh Children Teaching Hospital in Hargeisa, Somaliland

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第6期11卷 57-70页

作者： saed N. Ahmed Departments of Health Services and Public Health Ministry of Health Development Hargeisa Somaliland

Background: Otitis media (OM) is a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear. OM is a prevailing problem among children in Hargeisa. The antibiotic susceptibility of etiologic bacteria is not investigated in Somaliland which hinders the effective treatment of OM cases in children. Objective: This study aimed at determining the etiologic bacteria and its antibiotic susceptibilities in children presenting with OM to a pediatric referral hospital in Hargeisa for the period March 2013-May 2017. Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on a random sample of 270 children with OM. The laboratory used standard microbiological techniques for bacterial isolation and Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method for antibiotic susceptibility testing. Data were entered and analyzed using Epi Info 7 and any associations among the study variables tested with Chi2 test with confidence level of 95% and p value of Results: The rate of bacterial isolation was 96.3%. The predominant bacterial isolate was S. aureus (31.48%) followed by P. aeruginosa (24.81%) and P. mirabilis (15.93%) respectively while the least prevalent isolates were coagulase negative Staphylococcus (1.48%), S. pyogenes (0.74%) and Enterobacter spp. (0.37%) in descending order. Age group 0 - 3, χ2 (143,270 = 223.245, p = 0.000) showed highest bacterial isolation. There was no significant relationship between bacterial isolate and gender, χ2 (11,270 = 9.2283, p = 0.6008). S. aureus showed highest sensitivity towards ciprofloxacin (85.7%), amikacin (76.5%), and gentamicin (73.8%). All isolates showed mixed resistance pattern. Conclusion: S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and P. mirabilis were the leading causative pathogens of otitis media. No association was established between isolate distribution and gender. Both the isolated gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria showed greatest sensitivity towards ciprofloxacin while the highest resistance was observed to penicillins, tetracyclines a

关键词： Otitis Media Children Etiologic Bacteria Antibiotic Susceptibility Treatment

Empirical Formalism for the Phantom Scatter Factor of Small Fields: Using Different Density Media

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2022年第1期11卷 36-47页

作者： saed J. Al Atawneh Department of Radiation Oncology King Hussein Cancer Center Amman Jordan Department of Physics Faculity of Science Al-Balqa Applied University Al-Salt Jordan

We present the Empirical Formula (EF) to calculate the phantom scatter factor, Sp, of small radiation fields under charge particle dis-equilibrium conditions. The Empirical Formula (EF) was verified by examining the calculated data with experimentally measured data utilizing the anthropomorphic phantom in twelve different combinations of beam entry and point location, where the value for Sp per tissue composition was within 3% in 8/12 cases, 5% in 1/12 cases, and 10% in 3/12 cases. Our results showed a good agreement with experimental data to less than 1% when the ion chamber was surrounded by the homogeneous tissue, whether lung, soft tissue, or bone. Indicating that the prediction of the equation is valid, and it can be reliably used for phantom scatter factor calculation for different homogeneous media under charge particle dis- equilibrium conditions.

关键词： Small Field Dosimetry Anthropomorphic Study Phantom Scatter Factor Dosimetry

Chloride Resistance of Concrete under Complex Stress and Environment

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2023年第1期13卷 171-180页

作者： Mohammed saed Yusuf Xue Wen Department of Civil Engineering Hormuud University Mogadishu Somalia

The presence of stress is shown to have a significant impact on chloride ions in concrete. Reinforced concrete is usually durable and cost-effective which has resulted in its widespread use for construction, however, the concrete subjected to environment and load has become increasingly apparently that attacked by aggressive agents such as chloride ion. In this study, the coupling influences are stress effects and environmental problems on the coastline concrete durability have been investigated. A series of cyclic of a wet-dry cycle and submersion tests were performed onto the stressed concrete to obtain an understanding of the physical mechanisms causing the accumulation of chlorides in the interior pores of concrete under different stress types and exposure environments, based on the same duration. Specimens were prepared and subjected to NaCl solution in a wet-dry cycle and submersion, the chloride in the tension zone is gradual with increasing the stress level, as well as the chloride ion in the wet-dry cycle, is increasing the number of cycles. The apparent diffusion coefficient of each specimen was calculated respectively, the profile of concentration at a different section of tension and compression zones were presented in influence factors of the number of cycles, the length of drying phase, and periodic wetting cycles with sodium solution was discussed. After employed Fick’s second law, the results suggested Da in a wet-dry cycle is much higher than the Da in submersion zones.

关键词： Concrete Durability Chlorideion Penetration Wet Dry Cycle’s Zone Submerges Zone Compressive Stress Tensile Stress Life Prediction Micro-Structure

Analysis and Modeling of Tooth-Tip Leakage Fluxes in a Radial-Flux Dual-Stator Machine with Diametrically Magnetized Cylindrical Permanent Magnets

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2019年第4期3卷 382-388页

作者： Nejat saed Shahin Asgari Mojtaba Mirasalim the Electrical Machines and Transformers Research Laboratory Department of Electrical EngineeringAmirkabir University of TechnologyTehran 15916Iran Department of Electrical Engineering StMary’s UniversitySan AntonioTX 78228USA

Tooth-tip Leakage flux(TLF)has a major effect on the prediction of air-gap flux distribution and electromagnetic torque in the permanent magnet(PM)***,deriving a model for TLF is necessary for machine design and *** modeling of TLF can lead to fast and precise solutions,which ease the analysis of electromagnetic *** also provides the opportunity to increase torque density by more efficient utilization of PM’s volume and prevent saturation in machine *** paper presents a method for modeling and analyzing TLFs in a radial-flux dual-stator permanent magnet(DSPM)machine with diametrically magnetized cylindrical permanent magnets(DMCPM)in series and parallel magnetic circuit *** this model,some expressions in terms of machine dimensions are derived for the TLF *** element method(FEM)is applied to validate the proposed *** indicate that the maximum error between the proposed model and FEM is insignificant(less than 6%).Finally,by a prototyped machine the validity of the proposed model was investigated with the experimental tests.

关键词： Dual-stator permanent magnet(DSPM)machine diametrically magnetized cylindrical permanent magnet(DMCPM) tooth-tip leakage fluxes(TLFs).