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Preparation and evaluation of colon targeted drug delivery systems for albendazole using kneading,extrusion and compaction technology

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药学学报 2009年第10期44卷 1152-1158页

作者： Martins EMEJE Phyllis NWABUNIKE Yetunde ISIMI Olobayo KUNLE sabinus ofoefule Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Raw Materials Development National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy University of Nigeria

Albendazole is an orally administered broad-spectrum benzimidazole anthelmintic used against helminthiasis,hydatid cyst disease and *** objectives of this investigation are to develop a sustained release drug delivery system for albendazole,and to target its delivery to *** matrix tablets containing varying proportions of single and binary blends of four polymers;polyacrylic acid(carbopol 971),ethylcellulose(Etcell),eudragit L100-55(EUD),and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC) were prepared by a modified wet granulation technique of kneading,extrusion and *** vitro release profiles of albendazole was sequentially determined in simulated gastric fluid(SGF),simulated intestinal fluid(SIF) without enzymes and in rat caecal content medium(RCCM) at 37 ℃.The in vitro drug release from matrix tablets containing CMC and Etcell as single polymers showed initial burst effect in the first 2 h(>20% and 50% respectively),followed by a slow release in ***,matrix tablets containing polymer blends showed that no appreciable drug release occurred up to 5 *** release from tablets containing polymer blends in the dissolution medium containing rat caecal material suddenly increased to ≥30% after 5 h(RCCM),and reaching up to 90% in 24 *** matrix tablets containing carbopol 971,Etcell,EUD,and CMC as single polymers and as blends were formulated for oral *** release from the tablet matrices containing carbopol alone,binary blends of carbopol/Etcell,and CMC/EUD were found to be very slow and dependent on polymer *** tablets containing blends of these polymers formulated using kneading,extrusion and compaction technique could provide sustained drug release and can be utilized in the colonic delivery of albendazole.

关键词：制剂学药学医学蠕虫病

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中印尼社会称谓语对比及教学策略

中印尼社会称谓语对比及教学策略

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作者：文光（sabinus iden）山东师范大学

学位级别：硕士

“称谓语”是人们在日常生活中进行交际的重要工具。随着中国的不断发展，全世界的人，尤其是印尼人为了了解中国、了解中国文化以及交际更加方便，都在学习汉语。这些年来学习汉语的印尼学生越来越多，但是对汉语的掌握不是那么好。尤... 详细信息

“称谓语”是人们在日常生活中进行交际的重要工具。随着中国的不断发展，全世界的人，尤其是印尼人为了了解中国、了解中国文化以及交际更加方便，都在学习汉语。这些年来学习汉语的印尼学生越来越多，但是对汉语的掌握不是那么好。尤其是“称谓语”对印尼学生来说是比较难掌握的。因此，调查了解印尼学生使用汉语社会称谓语的情况及研究对印尼学生的汉语社会称谓语教学是很有价值的。首先，本文谈到了选题的意义、前人研究成果以及研究目标与研究方法。第二章，本文将中印尼社会称谓语进行对比，并找出两国在日常生活中使用社会称谓语的异同。第三章，为了了解印尼留学生汉语社会称谓语使用水平以及汉语社会称谓语教学情况，本文设计了调查问卷，调查的对象包括中国学生100名与印尼留学生100名，他们的年龄大概在17-30岁之间。随后对调查问卷进行分析，并从调查分析中找出产生偏误的原因。第四章，本文通过中印尼社会称谓语的对比以及印尼学生社会称谓语使用情况调查分析，提出了汉语社会称谓语教学的建议，包括针对学习者及教师、教材的建议。最后，本文从中印社会称谓语对比研究中进行总结。

关键词：印尼学生社会称谓语对比分析教学建议

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Petrology and Geochemistry of Basement Complex Rocks in Okom-Ita Area, Oban Massif, Southeastern Nigeria

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International Journal of Geosciences 2014年第4期5卷 394-407页

作者： Kelechi Denis Opara Young E. Obioha Samuel Okechukwu Onyekuru Chikwendu Okereke sabinus Ikechukwu Ibeneme Department of Geosciences Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria

The determination of the mineralogical composition of rocks that underlie Okom-Ita area, in Oban Massif became necessary for the interpretation of the petrogenesis and protoliths of rocks in the area. Twelve representative rock samples were selected for thin section petrography and bulk rock geochemical analysis. The results reveal that the dominant intrusive rocks in Okom-Ita area are pegmatites, quartz veins and dolerites emplaced within gneisses, schists and phyllites host rocks. The quartz veins and pegmatites are leucocratic consisting predominantly of quartz, plagioclase and subordinate amount of Muscovites. The dolerite is dark grey, fine to medium grained and texturally ophitic and consists dominantly of pyroxenes, olivine and opaques. Three varieties of gneisses were recognized: feldspathic, banded and biotite gneisses. The gneisses, schists, and phyllites are dominated by SiO2 in the range of (60% - 75%). The rocks exhibit higher molecular concentration {Al2O3 > (CaO + Na2O + K2O)}, high alkali concentration with Na2O > K2O, high Al2O3 to alkali ratios and low TiO2, CaO and MgO concentrations. These distribution trends suggest a compensation for the high silica and alumina concentrations and support a granitic protolith for the pegmatites and their host gneisses and schists. The dolerites and amphibolites are impoverished in SiO2, but relatively enriched in lime and alkali oxides. Plots in the AFM, TiO2-K2O-P2O5 and Na2O/Al2O3-K2O/Al2O3 diagrams show that the pegmatite was derived from calc-alkaline magmatic source, while the dolerite was derived from tholeiitic basalt magma.

关键词： Okom-Ita Oban Massif Petrology Geochemistry Petrogenesis Protolith Tectonics

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Microbial Assay of Otamiri River and Its Sediments in Parts of Owerri

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第8期7卷 155-166页

作者： Victor Inumidun Fagorite Cosmas Ahamefula Ahiarakwem sabinus Ikechukwu Ibeneme Ekeoma Sandra Chinemelu Judith Ifeanyi Ukwajiunor Chidimma Maria Abiahu John Olalekan Poopola Department of Geology Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria Department of Geology Federal University of Petroleum Resources Effurun Nigeria Department of Public Health Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria

The aim of the study was to analyse and identify microbial constituents in the water and sediment samples with comparison of the River to World Health Organisation (WHO, 2011) standard for drinking water and Federal Ministry of Environment (FME, 2006) and their public health implications with respect to water quality. The microbial assay of Otamiri River was investigated using Standard plate count. The result indicates that microbial constituents of Otamiri river obtained at five strategic gauge stations designated SSWS1 (Egbu), SSWS2 (Timber Market), SSWS3 (FUTO), DOWNSTREAM (Mbirichi) and CONTROL POINT with mean Total coliform Count of 3.0 × 102, 3.0 × 103, 4.1 × 103 and 1.0 × 103 cfu/100ml with control point value of 0.5 × 103 respectively. The mean Total Bacteria Count was 3.0 × 104, 2.1 × 103, 1.1 × 103 and 0.8 × 103 cfu/100ml respectively with control point value of 0.2 × 103 while the mean values for Total E. coli Count were 1.1 × 102, 3.0 × 102, 4 × 103 and 2.0 × 103 cfu/100ml with control point value of 0.2 × 103. The biochemical identification of some organisms in water was Escherichia coli, Vibro spp., Klebsiella spp., and Entrobacteria spp. The result of stream sediment samples indicates that the mean Total Bacterial Count was 3.5 × 104, 5.0 × 104, 6.5 × 104 and 2.0 × 104 cfu/g respectively with 1.5 × 102 as control point value and that of Total Coliform Count was 6.5 × 103, 2.0 × 103, 2.5 × 103 and 0.8 × 103 cfu/g respectively with control point value of 0.5 × 102. While for the Total E. coli Count, the values were 2.5 × 103, 1.0 × 103, 2.5 × 103 and 0.5 × 105 cfu/g respective with control as 0.5 × 102. Biochemical identification of some organisms in sediments includes: Escherichia coli, Vibro spp., Klebsiella spp., Entrobacteria spp. and Bacillus spp. The mean total bacterial count, total coli form count and total E. coli, were not in conformity with both World Health Organisation (WHO, 2011) Standard for drinking water and Federal Ministry of Environm

关键词： Coliforms E. coli Bacteria Otamiri River Sediments and Chlorination

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Geoelectrical Investigation of a Proposed Dam Site in a Sedimentary Terrain: Case Study of Aba River at Amapu-Ideobia, Akanu Ngwa Southeastern Nigeria

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International Journal of Geosciences 2013年第10期4卷 1376-1381页

作者： sabinus Ikechukwu Ibeneme Kalu Kalu Ibe Alexander Olusegun Selemo Johnbosco Okechukwu Nwagbara Young Ezenwa Obioha Kingsley Obi Echendu Bridget Odochi Ubechu Department of Geosciences Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria Department of Physics Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria

The geoelectrical investigation of the proposed Aba River dam at Amapu-Ideobia, Akanu Ngwa Southeastern Nigeria has been carried out. The objective of this study is to determine the downward and lateral trends of the rock layers or units along and near the proposed dam axis and deduce the possible structures that may enhance workable design of the dam. ABEM Terrameter SAS 4000 model was used and the symmetrical Schlumberger configuration was adopted. Twelve (12) Vertical Electrical Sounding stations were located and fully occupied along the dam axis. Preliminary input data from the field were fed into Zohdy software to generate real resistivities and depths to geoelectric layers. Five geoelectric layers were interpreted as Loamy Top soil, Alluvial matter, Pebble bed, Sandy lateritic and Gravely sand. Layer 1 (the top loamy soil) was encountered in VES 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, 11 and 12 locations with maximum thickness of 1.5 m in VES 3 and 4. Resistivity values ranged from 216 to 519 Ohm-m. The second layer (lateritic matter) had a maximum lower depth of 5 m in VES 3 and 4 points. This was not encountered in VES 6 point being replaced by alluvium. Resistivity values ranged from 101 to 6190 Ohm-m. Layer 3 was interpreted as a restricted pebble bed which occurred only at VES 6, 7 and 8 locations flanking the river course with thickness of about 3.5 m and resistivity values range of 182 415 Ohm-m. The fourth layer was modeled as the alluvial matter and restricted to the river course (VES 6, 7, 8) locations with base at between 12.5 m in VES 8 and 8 m in VES 6. The last modeled layer (Layer 5) was composed of gravely sandstone that underlined the whole study area apart from the restricted pebble bed at the NE crestal portion (VES 12). No structures like fractures, lineaments and faults that would be of deleterious effect were observed in all the VES points down to about 40 m. However, it was observed that the axial length had overriding sandy matter with high porosity and

关键词： Aba River Amapu-Ideobia Dam Axis Electrical Resistivity Geoelectric

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The Gboko Limestone, Yandev, Benue State, Nigeria: Geology, Geochemistry and Industrial Potentials

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Geomaterials 2017年第2期7卷 51-63页

作者： Anuba Basil Ofulume sabinus Ikechukwu Ibeneme Donatus Maduka Orazulike Ibrahim Vela Haruna Sani Aishatu Diugo Okechukwu Ikoro Stephen Ikpendu Nwankwo Nnaemeka Oluchukwu Ezetoha Joseph Azi Bulus Department of Geology Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria GEM Executive Education Grenoble Ecole De Management Rue Pierre Semard Grenoble France Department of Geology Federal University of Technology Yola Nigeria Department of Geology University of Maiduguri Maiduguri Nigeria Department of Architecture Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria Department of Geology University of Jos Jos Nigeria

The Cretaceous shallow marine Gboko limestone, Yandev, Nigeria is a component of the sedimentary fill of the 800 km NE-SW trending Benue Trough, Nigeria. The limestone is made up of thin bedded to massive limestone beds interspersed with laminated grey shale having foraminifera as the dominant fossil. The limestone has both mud supported and grain supported texture, and micrites constitute about 75% of the limestone. Bulk chemical composition analysis of the limestone reveals average CaCO3 of 92.41% and a range of 77.50% - 99.00%. Mineralogical impurities include quartz, dolomite, pyrrhotite, fluorapatite etc. Trace elements concentration analysis was carried out using Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDXRF) spectrophotometry and showed the following trace elements: Mn (841.3 ppm), Sr (444.6 ppm), Fe (470 ppm), Zn (114.6 ppm) and Pb (116.4 ppm). Calcining the limestone in a laboratory muffle furnace at 1050°C for 90 minutes produced a compact, soft burnt porous and reactive lime that does not crumble into fines. The lime so produced neither meets the requirements of the Steel Making Shop (SMS) of the Ajaokuta Steel Plant nor could it be used in the growing sugar refining industry in Nigeria. It can however be used in the food and the food by-products industry, environmental, agricultural and petroleum industries etc. The raw stone remains a major source of raw materials for cement manufacture for the ever expanding building industry.

关键词： Benue Trough Calcination Fluxing Geochemistry Gboko Limestone

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