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Emerging concepts in the care of patients with cirrhosis and septic shock

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第4期15卷 497-514页

作者： Jose Victor Jimenez Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao saad saffo Section of Digestive Diseases Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States

Septic shock impacts approximately 6% of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Although a number of landmark clinical trials have paved the way for incremental improvements in the diagnosis and management of septic shock in the general population, patients with cirrhosis have largely been excluded from these studies and critical knowledge gaps continue to impact the care of these individuals. In this review,we discuss nuances in the care of patients with cirrhosis and septic shock using a pathophysiology-based approach. We illustrate that septic shock may be challenging to diagnose in this population in the context of factors such as chronic hypotension, impaired lactate metabolism, and concomitant hepatic encephalopathy. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the application of routine interventions such as intravenous fluids, vasopressors, antibiotics, and steroids should be carefully considered among those with decompensated cirrhosis in light of hemodynamic, metabolic, hormonal, and immunologic disturbances. We propose that future research should include and characterize patients with cirrhosis in a systematic manner, and clinical practice guidelines may need to be refined accordingly.

关键词： Cirrhosis Septic shock Intravenous fluids Vasopressors Antibiotics Steroids

Impact of epinephrine volume on further bleeding due to high-risk peptic ulcer disease in the combination therapy era

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2022年第5期13卷 67-76页

作者： saad saffo Anil Nagar Section of Digestive Diseases Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States

BACKGROUND In monotherapy studies for bleeding peptic ulcers,large volumes of epinephrine were associated with a reduction in ***,the impact of epinephrine volume in patients treated with combination endoscopic therapy remains *** To assess whether epinephrine volume was associated with bleeding outcomes in individuals who also received endoscopic thermal therapy and/or *** Data from 132 patients with Forrest class Ia,Ib,and IIa peptic ulcers were *** primary outcome was further bleeding at 7 d;secondary outcomes included further bleeding at 30 d,need for additional therapeutic interventions,post-endoscopy blood transfusions,and 30-day *** and linear regression and Cox proportional hazards analyses were *** There was no association between epinephrine volume and all primary and secondary outcomes in multivariable *** odds for further bleeding at 7 d occurred in patients with elevated creatinine values(aOR 1.96,95%CI 1.30-3.20;P<0.01)or hypotension requiring vasopressors(aOR 6.34,95%CI 1.87-25.52;P<0.01).Both factors were also associated with all secondary *** Epinephrine maintains an important role in the management of bleeding ulcers,but large volumes up to a range of 10-20 mL are not associated with improved bleeding outcomes among individuals receiving combination endoscopic *** bleeding is primarily associated with patient factors that likely cannot be overcome by increased volumes of ***,in carefully-selected cases where ulcer location or size pose therapeutic challenges or when additional modalities are unavailable,it is conceivable that increased volumes of epinephrine may still be beneficial.

关键词： Peptic ulcer disease Gastrointestinal bleeding Upper endoscopy Endoscopic hemostasis Epinephrine

Enhancing Deepfake Detection:Proactive Forensics Techniques Using Digital Watermarking

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 73-102页

作者： Zhimao Lai saad Arif Cong Feng Guangjun Liao Chuntao Wang School of Automation Guangdong University and TechnologyGuangzhou510006China School of Immigration Administration(Guangzhou) China People’s Police UniversityGuangzhou510663China Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Faisal UniversityAl Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Cyber Police Division Guangzhou Public Security BureauGuangzhou510030China School of Forensic Science and Technology Guangdong Police CollegeGuangzhou510320China College of Mathematics and Informatics South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China

With the rapid advancement of visual generative models such as Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs)and stable Diffusion,the creation of highly realistic Deepfake through automated forgery has significantly *** paper examines the advancements inDeepfake detection and defense technologies,emphasizing the shift from passive detection methods to proactive digital watermarking *** detection methods,which involve extracting features from images or videos to identify forgeries,encounter challenges such as poor performance against unknown manipulation techniques and susceptibility to counter-forensic *** contrast,proactive digital watermarking techniques embed specificmarkers into images or videos,facilitating real-time detection and traceability,thereby providing a preemptive defense againstDeepfake *** offer a comprehensive analysis of digitalwatermarking-based forensic techniques,discussing their advantages over passivemethods and highlighting four key benefits:real-time detection,embedded defense,resistance to tampering,and provision of legal ***,the paper identifies gaps in the literature concerning proactive forensic techniques and suggests future research directions,including cross-domain watermarking and adaptive watermarking *** systematically classifying and comparing existing techniques,this review aims to contribute valuable insights for the development of more effective proactive defense strategies in Deepfake forensics.

关键词： Deepfake proactive forensics digital watermarking traceability detection techniques

Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury:from pathology to therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan saad Bachar El Baba Ali Tfaily Firas Kobeissy Juanmarco Gutierrez Gonzalez Daniel Refai Gerald R.Rodts Christian Mustroph David Gimbel Jonathan Grossberg Daniel L.Barrow Matthew F.Gary Ali M.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotrauma Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation,there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation,a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins,triggers of complement activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data demonstrating the different triggers of complement activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to damage-associated molecular *** effector functions of complement have been implicated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of complement anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while emphasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we systematically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into human *** review emphasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different complement pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvement of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of complement in white matter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplement genetic models.

关键词： complement neuroinflammation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy

Antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibitory properties of a novel flavonoid from Pistacia chinensis Bunge and its molecular docking analysis

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Traditional Medicine Research 2025年第2期10卷 30-36页

作者： Abdur Rauf Zuneera Akram Naveed Muhammad Najla AlMasoud Taghrid saad Alomar Saima Naz Abdul Wadood Chandni Hayat Marcello Iriti Department of Chemistry University of SwabiAmbar 23561Pakistan Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesBaqai Medical UniversityKarachi 74600Pakistan Department of Pharmacy Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan 23200Pakistan Department of Chemistry College of SciencePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Biotechnology BKUC-Bacha Khan University CharsaddaCharsadda 24620Pakistan Department of Biochemistry Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan 23200Pakistan Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental SciencesUniversity of MilanMilan 20129Italy National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology(INSTM) Firenze 50121Italy

Background:Pistacia chinensis Bunge has been traditionally used to manage various conditions,including asthma,pain,inflammation,hepatoprotection,and *** study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant and anti-lipoxygenase(LOX)properties of the isolated compound 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one from Pistacia ***:LOX assay and antioxidant activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)assay were *** docking studies were conducted using a molecular operating ***:The LOX assay revealed significant inhibitory effects at 0.2µM concentration,with an IC50 value of 37.80µ*** antioxidant effect demonstrated dose-dependency across 5 to 100µg/mL concentrations,reaching 93.09%at 100µg/mL,comparable to ascorbic acid’s 95.43%*** docking studies highlighted strong interactions with the lipoxygenase enzyme,presenting an excellent docking score of-10.98 kcal/***:These findings provide valuable insights into Pistacia chinensis’chemical components and biological effects,reinforcing its traditional medicinal applications.

关键词： Pistacia chinensis Bunge antioxidant DPPH assay antilipoxygenase docking analysis

Thermal explosion of a reactive gas mixture at constant pressure for non-uniform and uniform temperature systems

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2022年第10期18卷 1842-1851页

作者： saad A.El-Sayed Mechanical Power Engineering Dept.Zagazig University ZagazigAlshrkiaEgypt

In this study,the approximate and exact solutions for the stationary-state of the solids model with neglecting reactant consumption for both non-uniform and uniform temperature systems were applied on gas ignition under a constant pressure *** criticality conditions for a slab,an infinite cylinder,and a sphere are determined and discussed using dimensionless temperatures under constant ambient and surface temperatures for a non-uniform temperature *** solution for a Semenov model with convection heat loss was also *** solution of the Semenov problem for constant volume or density as a solid and constant pressure were *** critical parameterδis calculated and compared with those of Frank-Kamenetskii solution *** validation of the calculated ignition temperatures with other exact solution and experimental results were *** relation between critical parameters form Semenov and *** solution was introduced.

关键词： Thermal explosion Approximate solution Critical conditions Distributed and uniform temperature systems

Decoherence Effect and Beam Splitters for Production of Quasi-Amplified Entangled Quantum Optical Light

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2018年第3期69卷 311-316页

作者： saad Rfifi Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies Avances Facult Polydisciplinaire de LaracheUniversit Abdelmalek ESSAADI

We let a set of beam splitters of vacuum mode with a chosen transmittance parameter η in interaction with a separable coherent *** model induces the production of an attenuated quantum channels based on entangled optical ***,the decoherence effect is exploited positively here to generate such kind of quantum ***,the amplitude damping and the entanglement amount of these produced channels are enhanced thereafter by a probabilistic quasi amplification process using again a 50 : 50 beam splitter.

关键词： beam splitters production quasi probabilistic amplification quantum channels decoherence effect entangled optical states entanglement amount

Effects of location, orchard type, laying period and nest position on the reproductive performance of Turtle Doves(Streptopelia turtur) on intensively cultivated farmland

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Chinese Birds 2016年第1期7卷 68-78页

作者： saad Hanane Forest Research Center High Commission for Water Forests and Desertification Control Avenue Omar Ibn El Khattab

Background: Until recently little was known about factors affecting reproductive parameters of the Turtle Dove(Streptopelia turtur) on intensively cultivated farmland in the Mediterranean area. In this study, the reproductive parameters of this game species were evaluated in relation to location, orchard type, laying period and nest position in central ***: A total of 317 nests were found and analyzed across five breeding seasons(2004–2008) in the Haouz and Tadla regions, over two major agro-ecosystems made up of olive and orange orchards. Nest position, laying period, clutch size and the number of chicks hatched and fledged per nest were determined on 120 study plots. I used Generalized Linear Models(GLMs) with a Poisson distribution and a log link function, including the logarithm of the number of eggs in each clutch as an offset to model the number of chicks hatched and fledged per ***: Clutch-size was not affected by location, orchard type, laying period or nest position. The number of chicks hatched per nest differed between orchard types; they were greater in olive orchards(1.33 ± 0.06) than in orange ones(1.03 ± 0.08), whereas the number of chicks fledged per nest consistently differed with laying period and orchard type, which were higher in the early laying period(1.22 ± 0.07) than in the late period(0.93 ± 0.08) and higher in olive orchards(1.22 ± 0.06) than in orange orchards(0.90 ± 0.06). Neither location nor nest position were related to variation in the fledging success of the Turtle ***: Olive orchards and the early laying period confer better nesting conditions than orange orchards and the late laying period. Although nest position could be different in each orchard type, it did not affect the breeding success of the Turtle Dove, suggesting that factors other than tree characteristics are influential. Further studies are needed to improve our understanding of the effects of anthropogenic disturbance, especially agric

关键词： Agroecosystems Breeding parameters Columbid species Gamebird species Morocco

The emancipation of testosterone from niche iormone to multi-system player

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第1期17卷 58-60页

作者： Farid saad Bayer Pharma Global Medical Affairs Andrology Berlin Germany Gulf Medical University School of Medicine Ajman United Arab Emirates.

It is no exaggeration to say that our lconceptualization of the （patho-） physiological functions of testosterone has undergone a revolutionary development over the last three decades. The traditional thinking was that the biological functions of testosterone were restricted mainly to the area of reproduction and male sexuality. However, scientific research has clearly demonstrated that testosterone is a multi-system hormone serving a wide range of hitherto unsuspected biological functions.

关键词： The emancipation testosterone from niche