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semantic segmentation of Lumbar vertebrae Using Meijering U-Net(MU-Net)on spine Magnetic Resonance Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： Lakshmi s v v shiloah Elizabeth Darmanayagam sunil Retmin Raj Cyril Department of Computer science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of Information Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the world and it is experienced by a huge percentage of people *** to its ability to produce a detailed view of the soft tissues,including the spinal cord,nerves,intervertebral discs,and vertebrae,Magnetic Resonance Imaging is thought to be the most effective method for imaging the *** semantic segmentation of vertebrae plays a major role in the diagnostic process of lumbar *** is difficult to semantically partition the vertebrae in Magnetic Resonance Images from the surrounding variety of tissues,including muscles,ligaments,and intervertebral discs.U-Net is a powerful deep-learning architecture to handle the challenges of medical image analysis tasks and achieves high segmentation *** work proposes a modified U-Net architecture namely MU-Net,consisting of the Meijering convolutional layer that incorporates the Meijering filter to perform the semantic segmentation of lumbar vertebrae L1 to L5 and sacral vertebra ***-colour mask images were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 images expanded from T1-weighted mid-sagittal MRI images of 515 patients in the Lumbar spine MRI Dataset publicly available from Mendeley *** proposed MU-Net model for the semantic segmentation of the lumbar vertebrae gives better performance with 98.79%of pixel accuracy(pA),98.66%of dice similarity coefficient(DsC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%mean Intersection over Union(mean IoU)metrics using the mentioned dataset.

关键词： Computer aided diagnosis(CAD) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) semantic segmentation lumbar vertebrae deep learning U-Net model

A comprehensive investigation on nonlinear vibration and bending characteristics of bio-inspired helicoidal laminated composite structures

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 81-100页

作者： s.sAURABH R.KIRAN D.sINGH R.vaIsH v.s.CHAUHAN school of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Mandi

Bio-inspired helicoidal composite laminates, inspired by the intricate helical structures found in nature, present a promising frontier for enhancing the mechanical properties of structural designs. Hence, this study provides a comprehensive investigation into the nonlinear free vibration and nonlinear bending behavior of bio-inspired composite plates. The inverse hyperbolic shear deformation theory(IHsDT) of plates is employed to characterize the displacement field, with the incorporation of Green-Lagrange nonlinearity. The problem is modeled using the C0finite element method(FEM), and an in-house code is developed in the MATLAB environment to solve it numerically. various helicoidal layup configurations including helicoidal recursive(HR), helicoidal exponential(HE), helicoidal semi-circular(Hs), linear helicoidal(LH), and Fibonacci helicoidal(FH)with different layup sequences and quasi-isotropic configurations are studied. The model is.validated, and parametric studies are conducted. These studies investigate the effects of layup configurations, side-to-thickness ratio, modulus ratios, boundary conditions, and loading conditions at different load amplitudes on the nonlinear vibration and nonlinear bending behaviors of bio-inspired composite plates. The results show that the laminate sequence exerts a substantial impact on both nonlinear natural frequencies and nonlinear bending behaviors. Moreover, this influence varies across different side-to-thickness ratios and boundary conditions of the bio-inspired composite plate.

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs víctor Cilleros-Mañé Laia Just-Borràs Marta Balanyà-segura Aleksandra polishchuk Laura Nadal Marta Tomàs Carolina silvera-simón Manel M.santafé Maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(pKA and pKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the pKA/pKC activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and p/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

A mild, configurable, flexible CoNi-LDH（v）/Zn battery based on H-vacancy-induced reversible Zn2+ intercalation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 498-508页

作者： Xinyue Cheng Dingsheng Wu Hao Gao Qingqing Wang pengfei Lv sam s.Yoon Qufu Wei Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles Ministry of Education Jiangnan University school of Mechanical Engineering Korea University

Flexible Zn-based batteries have attracted increasing research interest as essential components of wearable energy storage ***,the advancement of flexible aqueous Zn-based batteries based on Co-Ni layered double hydroxide （CoNi-LDH） as the cathode material is hampered by their poor cycling stability and the corrosiveness of alkaline ***,CoNi-LDH nanosheets enriched with H vacancies (CoNi-LDH（v）) were constructed on a flexible carbon cloth （CC） substrate via electrochemical deposition and *** Zn-based battery comprising CoNi-LDH（v）@CC as the cathode exhibited highly reversible conversion reactions and stable operation in 3 M ZnsO4electrolyte （pH=4）.The battery delivered an excellent specific capacity (225 mA h g-1,0.26 mA h cm-2),acceptable cycling stability（53.9%,900 cycles）,and high discharging *** abundant H vacancies served as active sites for the reversible intercalation of Zn2+and the extravasation of NO3-generated channels and space for Zn2+transport and storage,together enabling an excellent Zn2+storage ***,a sandwich-structured solid-state CoNi-LDH（v）@CC//Zn@CC battery was fabricated and was found to exhibit a noteworthy electrochemical performance and mechanical *** a proof of concept,the unencapsulated battery powered a digital watch under various deformation conditions and operated stably for 80 ***,the flexible battery displayed outstanding customizability,maintaining an open-circuit voltage of 1.42 v even after being cut *** proposed engineering strategy contributes to the realization of textiles with truly wearable energy-storage devices.

关键词： CoNi/Zn battery H vacancies Mild aqueous electrolyte Tailorable battery Wearable energy storage device

Restructuring of plasmonic nanoparticle aggregates with arbitrary particle size distribution in pulsed laser fields

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Chinese physics B 2016年第11期25卷 563-570页

作者： A E Ershov A p Gavrilyuk s v Karpov s p polyutov Institute of Computational Modeling Russian Academy of SciencesKrasnoyarsk 660036Russia L.v.Kirensky Institute of physics of the Russian Academy of sciences Krasnoyarsk 660036Russia siberian Federal University Krasnoyarsk 660028Russia siberian state Aerospace University Krasnoyarsk 660037Russia

We have studied processes of interaction of pulsed laser radiation with resonant groups of plasmonic nanoparticles（resonant domains） in large colloidal nanoparticle aggregates having different interparticle gaps and particle size *** processes are responsible for the origin of nonlinear optical effects and photochromic reactions in multiparticle *** describe photo-induced transformations in resonant domains and alterations in their absorption spectra remaining after the pulse action,we introduce the factor of spectral *** on calculation of changes in thermodynamic,mechanical,and optical characteristics of the domains,the histograms of the spectrum photomodification factor have been obtained for various interparticle gaps,an average particle size,and the degree of *** in spectra have been analyzed depending on the intensity of laser radiation and various combinations of size characteristics of *** obtained results can be used to predict manifestation of photochromic effects in composite materials containing different plasmonic nanoparticle aggregates in pulsed laser fields.

关键词： resonant arbitrary pulsed dipole manifestation alterations extinction remaining aggregate colloidal

solution‑processed Thin Film Transparent photovoltaics:present Challenges and Future Development

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 566-600页

作者： Tianle Liu Munerah M.s.Almutairi Jie Ma Aisling stewart Zhaohui Xing Mengxia Liu Bo Hou Yuljae Cho UM-sJTU Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China school of physics and Astronomy Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF243AAWalesUK Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Energy sciences Institute Yale UniversityWest HavenCT 06516USA Future photovoltaics Research Center Global Institute of Future TechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Electrical energy is essential for modern society to sustain economic *** soaring demand for the electrical energy,together with an awareness of the environmental impact of fossil fuels,has been driving a shift towards the utilization of solar ***,traditional solar energy solutions often require extensive spaces for a panel installation,limiting their practicality in a dense urban *** overcome the spatial constraint,researchers have developed transparent photovoltaics(Tpv),enabling windows and facades in vehicles and buildings to generate electric *** Tpv advancements are focused on improving both transparency and power output to rival commercially available silicon solar *** this review,we first briefly introduce wavelength-and non-wavelengthselective strategies to achieve *** of merit and theoretical limits of Tpvs are discussed to comprehensively understand the status of current Tpv *** we highlight recent progress in different types of Tpvs,with a particular focus on solution-processed thin-film photovoltaics(pvs),including colloidal quantum dot pvs,metal halide perovskite pvs and organic *** applications of Tpvs are also reviewed,with emphasis on agrivoltaics,smart windows and ***,current challenges and future opportunities in Tpv research are pointed out.

关键词： Transparent semiconductors solution-processable transparent solar cell Emerging solar cell materials Buildingintegrated photovoltaics

processes underlying the laser photochromic effect in colloidal plasmonic nanoparticle aggregates

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Chinese physics B 2020年第3期29卷 412-419页

作者： A E Ershov v s Gerasimov I L Isaev A p Gavrilyuk s v Karpov Institute of Computational Modeling sB RAs 660036KrasnoyarskRussia siberian Federal University Krasnoyarsk660041Russia Kirensky Institute of physics Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS660036KrasnoyarskRussia siberian state University of science and Technology Krasnoyarsk 660014Russia

We have studied the dynamic and static processes occurring in disordered multiparticle colloidal Ag aggregates with natural structure and affecting their plasmonic absorption spectra under pico-and nanosecond pulsed laser radiations, as well as the physical origin responsible for these processes. We have shown that depending on the duration of the laser pulse,the mechanisms of laser modification of such aggregates can be associated both with changes in the resonant properties of the particles due to their heating and melting(picosecond irradiation mode) and with the particle shifts in the resonant domains of the aggregates(nanosecond pulses) which depend on the wavelength, intensity, and polarization of the *** mechanisms result in formation of a narrow dip in the plasmonic absorption spectrum of the aggregates near the laser radiation wavelength and affect the shape and position of the dip. The effect of polydispersity of nanoparticle aggregates on laser photochromic reaction has been studied.

关键词： nanoparticle surface plasmon resonance photochromic process pulsed laser radiation

Restless head syndrome:A retrospective study

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 51-59页

作者： sanjay prakash varoon vadodaria Niraj Chawda Chetsi s shah Anurag prakash Department of Neurology Smt.B.K.Shah Medical Institute and Research CentreSumandeep VidyapeethVadodara 391760GujarātIndia Department of Medicine Smt.B.K.Shah Medical Institute and Research CentreSumandeep VidyapeethVadodara 391760GujarātIndia Department of Medicine Parul Institute of Medical Sciences and Research CentreParul University WaghodiaVadodara 391760India

BACKGROUND Restless legs syndrome(RLs)is characterized by an urge to move with an unpleasant sensation in the lower *** typically affects the ***,it can also affect several other body regions,such as the arms,abdomen,face,neck,head,and genital *** are only a few reports of the RLs.variant affecting the *** To assess the epidemiological,clinical,and other aspects of the RLs.variant affecting the *** We conducted a retrospective study of 17 adult patients(>18 years)who met the RLs criteria and simultaneously experienced RLs-like symptoms in the *** The median age at which symptoms appeared was 41.6 *** and females were equally affected(1.1:1).All 17 patients had uncomfortable sensations in the lower *** or disturbed sleep was the most common comorbidity(n=16,88.2%).However,headache was the most common presenting or primary symptom(n=10,70.5%).Dizziness or an abnormal sensation in the head was the second most common presenting symptom(5 patients,29.4%).Other presenting features were leg pain,backache,and generalized body *** patients responded favorably to dopaminergic *** If RLs-related unpleasant sensations and pain are felt in the head,they may be misinterpreted as headache,dizziness,or psychosomatic *** and headaches in a subset of patients may be two phenotypic manifestations of the same disorder.

关键词： Restless legs syndrome Restless head syndrome Dopamine Headache Migraine Tension-type headache

Comprehensive Application of Graphene: Emphasis on Biomedical Concerns

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Nano-Micro Letters 2019年第1期11卷 101-131页

作者： s.syama p.v.Mohanan Toxicology Division Biomedical Technology Wing Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology

Graphene, sp^2 hybridized carbon framework of one atom thickness, is reputed as the strongest material to date. It has marked its impact in manifold applications including electronics, sensors, composites, and catalysis. Current state-of-the-art graphene research revolves around its biomedical applications. The two-dimensional(2D) planar structure of graphene provides a large surface area for loading drugs/biomolecules and the possibility of conjugating fluorescent dyes for bioimaging. The high near-infrared absorbance makes graphene ideal for photothermal therapy. Henceforth, graphene turns out to be a reliable multifunctional material for use in diagnosis and treatment. It exhibits antibacterial property by directly interacting with the cell membrane. potential application of graphene as a sca old for the attachment and proliferation of stem cells and neuronal cells is captivating in a tissue regeneration scenario. Fabrication of 2D graphene into a 3D structure is made possible with the help of 3D printing, a revolutionary technology having promising applications in tissue and organ engineering. However, apart from its advantageous application scope, use of graphene raises toxicity concerns. several reports have confirmed the potential toxicity of graphene and its derivatives, and the inconsistency may be due to the lack of standardized consensus protocols. The present review focuses on the hidden facts of graphene and its biomedical application, with special emphasis on drug delivery, biosensing, bioimaging, antibacterial, tissue engineering, and 3D printing applications.

关键词： Graphene Biomedical Bioprinting Toxicity photothermal therapy