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Performance Evaluation of solar Chimney Draft: Application to Ventilation

smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2024年第4期15卷 107-122页

作者： Boukaré ouedraogo Adama ouedraogo Arouna Kabore Kalifa Palm Dieudonné Joseph Bahiebo Laboratoire dEnergies Thermiques Renouvelables (LETRE) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO: UFR/SEA Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Physique Spatiale et Energtique (LACAPSE) Universit Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso Centre Universitaire Polytechnique de Kaya (CUP-Kaya) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire des systmes dEnergie Renouvelable et Environnement Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliques et Technologies (IRSAT) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Ventilation is one of the factors contributing to energy consumption in buildings and food preservation. The solar chimney proves to be an alternative for reducing conventional energy consumption. Thus, in this study, the performance of a solar chimney with two active faces for thermally drawing air from a chamber for preserving agri-food products was evaluated. These performances were experimentally assessed through data measurements: temperatures and velocities within the chimney, and their analysis using Excel and MATLAB. The obtained results were compared with those from literature to verify their validity. From this study, it is found that the maximum temperature at the chimney outlet reaches 49.4˚C with an average value of 43.7˚C. Additionally, the heating evolution of the chimney air presents four (04) identical phases in pairs, reflecting the chimney’s operation throughout day. The temperature difference between the outlet and inlet of the chimney reaches a maximum of 17˚C with an average of 12.6˚C. Regarding airflow, the maximum air velocity at the chimney outlet is 0.8 m/s, and the average velocities have consistently been greater than or equal to 0.46 m/s. Thus, it can be concluded that the solar chimney is capable of providing ventilation for the preservation chamber through thermal draft.

关键词： solar Chimney Natural Ventilation Thermal Draft Airflow Chimney Effect

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Petrographic and Geochemical Characters of Granites of the Banfora Belt, Burkina Faso (West Africa)

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第9期15卷 682-697页

作者： Abdoulaye ouedraogo seta Naba Hermann Ilboudo Laboratoire Gosciences et Environnement (LaGE) Dpartement des Sciences de la Terre Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Bureau des Mines et de la Gologie du Burkina (BUMIGEB) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The Banfora’s birimian greenstones belt is located in the western part of Burkina Faso (west Africa). Recent petrographic and lithogeochemical studies have highlighted plutons intruding the metasedimentary and metavolcanic series. These plutonic rocks are composed of leucogranites belonging to the so-called Ferkessedougou’s or Ferké’s batholith, granites, granodiorites, monzodiorites and quartz monzonites. From the lithogeochemical studies, these plutonic rocks have a calc-alkaline and peraluminous character. The rare earth elements spectra of the Ferké’s leucogranites let distinguished two sub-facies. One of the sub-facies is composed of quartz monzonite to granite, while the other is granitic sensu stricto. However, all these plutonic rocks were emplaced in a geodynamic context of subduction followed by collision.

关键词： Burkina Faso Banfora Greenstones Belt Plutons Geodynamic Context subduction

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Acute Toxicity and Anthelmintic Effects of Gomphrena serrata L. (Amaranthaceae) Extracts on Adult Worms and Eggs of Haemonchus contortus

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2024年第5期15卷 207-221页

作者： Hippolyte ouedraogo Mohamed Bonewendé Belemlilga Aristide Traore Gilchrist Abdoul Laurent Boly Félicité Moyenga Gueswindé Geoffroy ouedraogo sylvain Ilboudo Lazare Belemnaba sylvin ouedraogo Laboratoire de Recherche-Dé veloppement de Phytom&#233dicaments et M&#233dicaments (LR-D/PM) Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant&#233 (IRSS) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Dé veloppement du M&#233dicament (LADME) Centre de Formation deRecherche et d&#8217Expertises en Sciences du M&#233dicament (CEA-CFOREM) &#201cole Doctorale Sciences de la Sant&#233 (ED2S) Universit&#233 Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso International Research Laboratory-Environnement Sant&#233 Soci&#233t&#233s (IRL 3189 ESS) CNRS/CNRST/UCAD/UGB/USTTB Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Gomphrena serrata L. (Amaranthaceae) is a medicinal plant widely used traditionally in rural areas to treat many diseases, including gastrointestinal helminthiasis of small ruminants. This work aims to estimate the plant extracts phytochemical potential and study the activities of the aqueous decoction (Gs_AD), aqueous macerate (Gs_AM), and hydroalcoholic macerate (Gs_HEM) of Gomphrena serrata extracts on two developmental stages (eggs and adult worms) of Haemonchus contortus. Phytochemical screening was carried out. The acute toxicity test was performed according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guideline 423. The Haemonchus contortus eggs hatching inhibition test was performed left to incubate for 48 hours in the presence of the different plant extracts at increasing concentrations of 0.125;0.25;0.5;0.625;1;2;3 mg/mL. For the motility inhibition test on adult worms, the worms were contacted with the extracts at concentrations of 0.75;1;1.25;1.5;2;3;4 mg/mL and left to incubate for 24 hours. Albendazole and levamisole were used as standard. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, reducing compounds, coumarins and derivatives, anthocyanins, steroids, triterpenes, and flavonoids. An acute toxicity study showed that the oral LDsub>50sub> value of G. serrata was estimated to be 5000 mg/kg. All extracts showed an effect on both stages of parasite development. The hatching inhibition rate was 100% from 3 mg/mL for all three extracts. The rate of inhibition of motility was 100% from 4 mg/mL for each extract. HEM is more efficient on eggs and Haemonchus contortus adult worms than other extracts with ICsub>50sub> of 0.457 mg/mL and LCsub>50sub>sub> sub>of 1.329 mg/mL, respectively. These results suggest that Gomphrena serrata, a plant used by farmers, has anthelmintic properties.

关键词： Gomphrena serrata Haemonchus contortus Anthelmintic In Vitro

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Growth, Population Parameters and stock status of sarotherodon galilaeus in samandeni Reservoir, Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第4期14卷 257-273页

作者： Nomwine Da Raymond ouedraogo Mahamoudou Minoungou Adama Oueda Institute for the Environment and Agricultural Research National Center for Scientific and Technological Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Animal Biology and Ecology Laboratory Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Mango tilapia, sarotherodon galilaeus is one of the most caught fish species in the samandeni multi-species fishing sites of which, few data on its biology and exploitation are available. The study aimed to Assess the stock status of s. galilaeus. sampling was conducted from March, 2021 to February 2022 based on commercial fish catches to analyze growth parameters, first sexual maturity size and harvest status of the stock. A total of 572 specimens including 297 females and 275 males were examined. The stock assessment was performed by using the Length based Bayesian method of Biomass (LBB) and that of growth by the ELEFAN method. The growth parameters showed a seasonality of growth and females appeared to grow faster than males. On the other hand, males had a greater asymptotic length than females. Results on the estimated length of fish at first maturity showed that females firstly reached the maturity compared to males. The relative biomass (B/Bsub>0sub>) estimated for the stock was higher than the relative biomass that produces maximum sustainable yield (Bsub>MsYsub>/Bsub>0sub>) indicating healthy biomass. In addition, the length at first sexual maturity was less than the length at the first catch, indicating the absence of overfishing of growth. In addition, extending the study to the various stocks of the reservoir would be important for the sustainable management of the samandeni high economic fishing area.

关键词： Growth stock status sarotherodon galilaeus samandeni Reservoir Maturity

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On a Compound Poisson Risk Model Perturbed by Brownian Motion with Variable Premium and Tail Dependence between Claims Amounts and Inter-Claim Time

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Open Journal of statistics 2024年第1期14卷 1-37页

作者： Delwendé Abdoul-Kabir Kafando Kiswendsida Mahamoudou ouedraogo Pierre Clovis Nitiema Department of Mathematics University Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Mathematics University Ouaga 3s Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Mathematics University Thomas-Sankara Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This paper considers the compound Poisson risk model perturbed by Brownian motion with variable premium and dependence between claims amounts and inter-claim times via spearman copula. It is assumed that the insurance company’s portfolio is governed by two classes of policyholders. On the one hand, the first class where the amount of claims is high, and on the other hand, the second class where the amount of claims is low, this difference in claim amounts has significant implications for the insurance company’s pricing and risk management strategies. When policyholders are in the first class, they pay an insurance premium of a constant amount csub>1sub> and when they are in the second class, the premium paid is a constant amount csub>2sub> such that csub>1 sub>> csub>2sub>. The nature of claims (low or high) is measured via random thresholds . The study in this work will focus on the determination of the integro-differential equations satisfied by Gerber-shiu functions and their Laplace transforms in the risk model perturbed by Brownian motion with variable premium and dependence between claims amounts and inter-claim times via spearman copula. .

关键词： Gerber-shiu Function Copula Integro-Differential Equation Laplace Trans-form Brownian Motion

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Numerical Assessment of the Thermal Efficiency of a Concentrated Photovoltaic/Thermal (CPV/T) Hybrid system Using Air as Heat Transfer Fluid

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smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2024年第1期15卷 1-14页

作者： Amadou Konfe Boureima Kabore Yves Christian Nonguierma Fatimata ouedraogo sié Kam Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies University Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Physic Department University Norbert Zongo Koudougou Burkina Faso Photonics and Nolinear Optics Laboratory University of Moncton Moncton Canada

In this paper, we propose a thermal model of a hybrid photovoltaic/thermal concentration system. starting from the thermal balance of the model, the equation is solved and simulated with a MATLAB code, considering air as the cooling fluid. This enabled us to evaluate some of the parameters influencing the electrical and thermal performance of this device. The results showed that the temperature, thermal efficiency and electrical efficiency delivered depend on the air mass flow rate. The electrical and thermal efficiencies for different values of air mass flow are encouraging, and demonstrate the benefits of cooling photovoltaic cells. The results show that thermal efficiency decreases air flow rate greater than 0.7 kg/s, whatever the value of the light concentration used. The thermal efficiency of the solar cell increases as the light concentration increases, whatever the air flow rate used. For a concentration equal to 30 sun, the thermal efficiency is 0.16 with an air flow rate equal to 0.005 kg/s;the thermal efficiency increases to 0.19 with an air flow rate equal to 0.1 kg/s at the same concentration. An interesting and useful finding was that the proposed numerical model allows the determination of the electrical as well as thermal efficiency of the hybrid CPV/T with air flow as cooling fluid.

关键词： PV Cell Concentrating Thermal Energy Conversion Cooling Hybrid system

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Assessing the Impact of Gold Mining on the Quality of Water Resources in the Commune of Meguet, Burkina Faso

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第4期16卷 281-292页

作者： Issoufou ouedraogo samuel Lankoande Yacouba Konate Boukary sawadogo Nicolas Kagambega Martin Lompo Higher school of Engineering (EsI) University of Fada N&#8217Gourma Fada N&#8217Gourma Burkina Faso Geosciences and Environment Laboratory (LaGE) Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Water Hydro-Systems and Agriculture Laboratory (LEHSA) International Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (2iE) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Despite its often illegal nature, artisanal gold mining in Burkina Faso contributes to the economic and social development of the country. However, the rudimentary techniques used in gold panning have a significant impact on the environment due to inappropriate practices and the use of various chemical substances. This study aims to assess the impact of artisanal gold mining on the quality of water resources in a rural community at Méguet, Burkina Faso. To this end, surface and groundwater samples were collected and analyzed at the BUMIGEB laboratory. Field results show that the waters are slightly alkaline (6.97 s/cm), with temperatures ranging from 24.6˚C to 31.6˚C. In addition, trace metals (TMEs) analyzed from surface and subsurface waters show very high levels, generally deviating from the levels recommended by WHO guidelines for Burkina Faso. Trace metals contamination of water resources in the commune of Méguet is mainly due to Fe (3.78 - 11.12 mg/kg), Hg (0.03 - 0.29 mg/kg), As (0.01- 6.31 mg/kg) and Pb (0.01 - 3.8 mg/kg). This study can serve as a basis for guiding national environmental policies to protect the water resources of the Méguet mine.

关键词： Gold Panning Water Quality Trace Metal Méguet Burkina Faso

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Effect of size and Initial Water Content on the Effective Diffusion Coefficient during Convective Drying of sweet Potato Cut into Cubic and Cylindrical shapes

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Journal of Materials science and Chemical Engineering 2024年第6期12卷 71-82页

作者： Ibrango Abdoul salam Ouoba Kondia Honoré Bama Désiré Traoré Yssa Zongo Karim ouedraogo salifou Laboratoire de Matriaux de lHliophysique et Environnement (La.M.H.E.) Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences. Exactes et Appliques (UFR/SEA) Universit Nazi BONI de Bobo-Dioulasso Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

In this article, we investigated the influence of size and initial water content on the effective diffusion coefficient of sweet potatoes samples cut into cubic and cylindrical shapes. The sizes of the cubic samples are 0.5, 1, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 2.5 and 3 cm edge with a respective initial water content of 2.7, 3.76, 3.48, 2.68, 3.28, 2.17 and 2.29 kg/kgms. For cylindrical samples, the radius is set at 0.5 cm and sample heights are 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4 cm with respective water contents of 2.2, 3.19, 2.85, 2.1, 2.17, 2.39 and 2.03 kg/kgms. The effective diffusion coefficients of cubic samples are of the order of 10−10 and 10−9 m2∙s−1 grew with sample edge. As for the cylindrical samples, the effective diffusion coefficients were of the order of 10−9 m2∙s−1 and there was no linear correlation between cylinder height and their effective diffusion coefficient. As for the examination of the initial water content on the effective diffusion coefficient, it turned out that the initial water content had no influence on the effective diffusion coefficient of the sweet potato samples.

关键词： Effective Diffusion Coefficient Initial Water Content sweet Potato Cubic Cylindrical

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Development of a Web-Based GIs of Flood Zones in the Municipality of Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Geographic Information system 2024年第1期16卷 32-43页

作者： Halidou Kafando Blaise ouedraogo Vincent Nduka Ojeh Andreas Rienow Aliou Gadiaga Ibrahim Elh Maman Garba WAsCAL Graduate Research Programme on Climate Change and Education Department of Agriculture and Environment Science University of The Gambia Kanifing The Gambia Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Geography Faculty of Social Sciences Taraba State University Jalingo Nigeria Interdisciplinary Geographic Information science Institute of Geography Ruhr-University Bochum Bochum Germany WAsCAL Graduate Research Programme on Climate Change and Human Habitat University of Mina Mina Nigeria

This document describes the creation of an informative Web GIs aimed at mitigating the impacts of flooding in the municipality of Ouagadougou, in Burkina Faso, a region that is highly sensitive to climate change. Burkina Faso, which is undergoing rapid urbanization, faces major natural threats, particularly flooding, as demonstrated by the severe floods of 2009 that caused loss of life, injury, structural damage and economic losses in Ouagadougou. The aim of this research is to develop a web map highlighting the municipality’s flood-prone areas, with a view to informing and raising awareness of flood risk reduction. Using the Leaflet Javascript mapping library, the study uses HTML, Css and Javascript to implement web mapping technology. Data on Ouagadougou’s flood zones is generated by a multi-criteria analysis combining saaty’s AHP method and GIs in QGIs, integrating seven (7) parameters including hydrography, altitude, slope, rainfall, soil types, land use and soil moisture index. QGIs processes and maps the themes, PostgresQL with PostGIs serves as the DBMs and Geoserver functions as the map server. The Web GIs platform allows users to visualize the different flood risks, from very low to very high, or the high-risk areas specific to Ouagadougou. The AHP calculations classify the municipality into five flood vulnerability zones: very low (24.48%), low (27.93%), medium (23.01%), high (17.11%) and very high (7.47%). Effective risk management requires communication and awareness-raising. This online mapping application serves as a tool for communication, management and flood prevention in Ouagadougou, helping to mitigate flood-related natural disasters.

关键词： Web GIs Flood Mapping Leaflet Javascript Mapping Library Analysis Hierarchical Processes (AHP) Climate Change Adaptation Ouagadougou Municipality

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Granulometry Assessment of Lom Pangar Dam sediments (East-Cameroon)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第6期12卷 207-231页

作者： Rodrigue Fotie Lele Mihaela Amalia Diminescu Issoufou ouedraogo Annette Madelene Dăncila souleymane Pelede Alphonse Emadak Martin Lompo Department of Geology University Joseph Ki Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Water and Energy Green Heart International Bafoussam Cameroon Department of Hydraulic Machineries and Environmental Engineering National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest Bucharest Romania Department of Mining Engineering University Yembila-Abdoulaye-Toguyeni Fada NGourma Burkina Faso Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Yaound I Yaound Cameroon

The Lom Pangar dam, the largest reservoir in Cameroon with a storage capacity of 6 km3 and a 30 MW hydropower plant, primarily regulates the hydrologic regime of the sanaga River to maintain hydropower efficiency during dry seasons and enhance downstream hydropower plant performance. Understanding and managing sediments are crucial for the sustainability of dams, as indicated by numerous studies. This study assessed the granulometry of the sediments transported across the reservoir. For that purpose, 6 samples of fresh sediments were collected in the lacustrine and transitional sections of the reservoir using the standard method. Particles size was assessed using the laser diffusion technic after a 3 mm sieving. Various granulometric parameters were derived from the literature to analyze and characterize those sediments. Results show that silts are more than 70% of particles size and range between 2.19 - 60.26 µm. size distribution also shows the same trend with D75 less than 51 µm. This is confirmed by the low values of Inman skewness skΦ (−0.168 to 0.303). The sorting index s0 ranges from 0.31 to 0.53 µm, showing a very well-sorted sediments, aligning with low values of Krumbein index (0.906 - 1.683) that express the low heterometry of the particles. The consequence on the dam will be a quick clogging of the bottom of the reservoir. Their pH varies from 7.0 to 7.5. It also appears that the sandy fraction trend is higher in the right bank of the dam and reaches 22% on the right bank of Pangar River due to crystalline geology. Fraction greater than 3000 µm is negligible. The management of the dam has to keep attention to these results as siltation may close the safety outlet of the dam, damage turbines, and provoke recurrent technical and safety issues. Further, the clogging of the bottom of the reservoir may lead to an ecological problem with the limitation of hyporheic flow. Thus, water exchange with the underground water table and the natural purification of wate

关键词： Lom Pangar Dam sediments Granulometry sustainability Hydropower Dam safety

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