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Controlling plant architecture by manipulation of gibberellicacid signalling in petunia

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Horticulture Research 2014年第1期1卷 16-21页

作者： yin-Chih Liang Michael s Reid Cai-Zhong Jiang Department of Plant sciences University of California DavisOne Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA Crops Pathology&Genetics Research unit USDA-ARSOne Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA

since stem elongation is a gibberellic acid(GA)response,GA inhibitors are commonly used to control plant height in the production of potted ornamentals and bedding *** this s.udy,we investigated interfering with GA signaling by using molecular techniques as an alternative *** isolated three putative GID1 genes(PhGID1A,PhGID1B and PhGID1C)encoding GA receptors from ***-induced gene silencing(VIGs)of these genes results in s.unted growth,dark-green leaves and *** also isolated the gai mutant gene(gai-1)from *** have generated transgenic petunia plants in which the gai mutant protein is over-expressed under the control of a dexamethasone-inducible *** system permits induction of the dominant Arabidopsis gai mutant gene at a desired stage of plant development in petunia plants by the application of dexamethasone(Dex).The induction of gai in Dex-treated T1 petunia seedlings caused dramatic growth retardation with short internodes.

关键词： pet plant bedding

Biomass energy cost and feasibility of gasifier based biomass power generation system

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第4期6卷 55-63页

作者： Khambalkar V P Kankal u s Karale D s Gangde C N Department of Farm Power and Machinery College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology and Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Agricultural UniversityAkola MS 444104India

The present research work has been carried out on biomass based on 10 kW capacity gasifier power generation system installed at College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology,*** Deshmukh Agricultural university(***),Akola Maharashtra,*** main objectives were to evaluate various costs and benefits involved in the power generation *** costs of energy per unit were calculated for the first year of *** economics of gasifier based power generation system and thereby the feasibility of the system was examined by estimating per unit cost,Net Present Value(NPV),Benefit Cost Ratio(BCR),Internal Rate of Return(IRR)and payback *** discount cash flow method was.used to find out the *** the present analysis,three costs viz.,installed capital cost,operation and maintenance cost,and levelised replacement cost were examined for the evaluation of the power generation per *** rate on investment in case of subsidy(Case I)and in case without subsidy(Case II)for installation cost of system was considered as 12.75%.The BCR comes in Case I for operating duration of 22 h,20 h,and 16 h are 1.24,1.18,and 1.13,*** for Case II BCR comes 1.44,1.38,and *** IRR comes in Case I for operating duration of 22 h,20 h,and 16 h are 26%,22%,and 19%,*** for Case II,IRR comes 52%,44%,and 39%for operating duration of 22 h,20 h,and 16 h,*** payback period in the present analysis was worked *** payback period for biomass based gasifier power generation system was observed to be for Case I from three to four years and for Case II it was one to two years.

关键词： cost of biomass energy biomass power generation system discounted cash flow benefit cost ratio net present value payback period internal rate of return

Micromechanical analysis of the behavior of stiffclay

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Acta Mechanica sinica 2011年第6期27卷 1013-1022页

作者： Zhen-Yu yin Ching s. Chang Pierre-Yves Hicher Jian-Hua Wang Department of Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 200240 Shanghai China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01002 USA Research Institute in Civil and Mechanical Engineering uMR CNRs 6183 Ecole Centrale de Nantes BP 92101 44321 Nantes France

Cementations formed in geological timescale are observed in various stiff clays.A micromechanical stress strain model is developed for modeling the effect of cementation on the deformation behavior of stiff *** proposed approach considers explicitly cementations at intercluster contacts,which is different from conventional *** concept of inter-cluster bonding is introduced to account for an additional cohesion in shear sliding and a higher yield stress in normal compression.A damage law for inter-cluster bonding is proposed at cluster contacts for the debonding process during mechanical *** model is.used to simulate numerous stress-path tests on Vallericca stiff *** applicability of the present model is evaluated through comparisons between the predicted and the measured *** order to explain the stress-induced anisotropy arising from externally applied load,the evolution of local stresses and local strains at inter-cluster planes are dis.ussed.

关键词： stiff clay Destructuration Micromechanics Plasticity Induced anisotropy

Effect of sliding speed on elevated-temperature wear behavior of AIsI H13 steel

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Journal of Iron and steel Research International 2021年第9期28卷 1180-1189页

作者： yin Zhou Wei Jiang school of shipping and Mechatronic Engineering Taizhou UniversityTaizhou225300JiangsuChina Light Alloy Research Institute Central South UniversityChangsha410083HunanChina

Elevated-temperature wear tests were performed on AIsI H13 steel under 50 and 100 r/min at 400–600℃.Through examining the morphology,structure and composition of worn surfaces as well as the microhardness at subsurfaces,the wear mechanisms in various sliding conditions were explored.H13 steel exhibited totally different elevated-temperature wear behavior at two sliding speeds while the high sliding speed would seriously deteriorate its wear *** sliding at two sliding speeds,the wear rate of H13 steel decreased first and then rose with the increase in temperature and the wear rate reached the lowest value(lower than 1×10^(–6)mm^(3)/mm)at 500℃and 50 r/*** wear rate at 600℃was lower than that at 400℃for 50 r/min,but the wear rate at 600℃was higher than that at 400℃for 100 r/min(except for 50 N).At 50 r/min,the wear rate decreased first and then increased with the increase in ***,at 100 r/min,the wear rate monotonically increased with increasing load and reached 33×10^(–6)mm^(3)/mm at 600℃and 150 N,where severe wear *** the other sliding conditions,severe wear did not appear with wear rate lower than 5×10^(–6)mm^(3)/*** mild wear merely prevailed at 500℃and 50 r/min and oxidative wear appeared in the other sliding conditions except for 600℃and 150 N,where severe plastic extrusion wear *** effect of sliding speed on wear behavior was attributed to the changes of tribo-oxide *** elevated-temperature sliding,tribo-oxide particles were more readily retained to form protective tribo-oxide layers on worn surfaces at the lower sliding speed than at the higher sliding speed,so as to protect from wear.

关键词： AIsI H13 steel Dry sliding wear Elevated-temperature wear Wear testing surface analysis Wear mechanism sliding speed

Continental drift, plateau uplift, and the evolutions of monsoon and arid regions in Asia, Africa, and Australia during the Cenozoic

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science China Earth sciences 2019年第7期62卷 1053-1075页

作者： Xiaodong LIu Buwen DONG Zhi-Yong yin Robin s.sMITH Qingchun GuO state Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences CAs Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth sciences College of Earth and Planetary sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Centre for Atmospheric science University of Reading Department of Environmental & Ocean sciences University of San Diego school of Environment and Planning Liaocheng University

Monsoon and arid regions in the Asia-Africa-Australia(A-A-A) realm occupy more than 60% of the total area of these continents. Geological evidence showed that significant changes occurred to the A-A-A environments of the monsoon and arid regions, the land-ocean configuration in the Eastern Hemisphere, and the topography of the Tibetan Plateau(TP) in the Cenozoic. Motivated by this background, numerical experiments for 5 typical geological periods during the Cenozoic were conducted using a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model to systemically explore the formations and evolutionary histories of the Cenozoic A-A-A monsoon and arid regions.under the influences of continental drift and plateau uplift. Results of the numerical experiments indicate that the timings and causes of the formations of monsoon and arid regions in the A-A-A realm were very different. The northern and s.uthern African monsoons existed during the mid-Paleocene, while the s.uth Asian monsoon appeared in the Eocene after the Indian subcontinent moved into the tropical Northern Hemisphere. In contrast, the East Asian monsoon and northern Australian monsoon were established much later in the Miocene. The establishment of the tropical monsoons in northern and s.uthern Africa, s.uth Asia, and Australia were determined by both the continental drift and seasonal migration of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone(ITCZ), while the position and height of the TP were the key factor for the establishment of the East Asian monsoon. The presence of the subtropical arid regions in northern and s.uthern Africa,Asia, and Australia depended on the positions of the continents and the control of the planetary scale subtropical high pres.ure zones, while the arid regions in the Arabian Peninsula and West Asia were closely related to the retreat of the Paratethys sea. The formation of the mid-latitude arid region in the Asian interior, on the other hand, was the consequence of the uplift of the *** resul

关键词： Cenozoic Monsoon region Arid region Continental drift Tibetan Plateau uplift Climate simulation

Periodic solutions of singular second Order Equations at Resonance

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Acta Mathematica sinica,English series 2015年第10期31卷 1599-1610页

作者： yin yin Wu Ding Bian QIAN school of Mathematical sciences Soochow University Department of Fondamental Courses Wuxi Institute of Technology

In this paper, we s.udy the existence of positive periodic solutions for singular second order equations x＂＋ n2/4＋h（x） = p（t）, where h has a singularity at the origin and n is a positive integer. We give an explicit condition to ensure the existence of positive periodic solutions when h is an unbounded perturbation at infinity by using qualitative analysis and topological dezree theory.

关键词： second order equations singularity periodic solutions resonance unbounded perturba-tions

Cerium oxide nanoparticles-mediated cascade catalytic chemo-photo tumor combination therapy

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Nano Research 2022年第1期15卷 333-345页

作者： Zitao Hu yin Ding state Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life science School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

ROs-based tumor therapy based on nanocatalytic medicine has recently been proposed for its ***,a safe and highly efficient strategy towards getting high enough ROs to kill the hypoxic cancer cells is still a great ***,we report a simple pH/H_()20_(2)-activatable,O_(2)-evolving,and ROs regulating doxorubicin(DOX)and indocyanine green(ICG)co-loading PEGylated polyaniline(PANI)coated CeOx@polyacrylic acid(PAA)nanoclusters for highly selective and optimized cancer combination *** can selectively and greatly enhance intracellular O_(2) and ROs levels in tumor region,which depends on two-step catalytic properties of nanoceria(Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+)=3.46,neutral surface charge,mostly localize into the cytoplasm,pH 7.4-6.5,catalase-like catalytic agents convert to Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+)=0.58,negative surface charge,mostly localize into the lysosomes,pH 5-4,oxidase-like catalytic agents,triggered by near infrared(NIA)laser irradiation).Furthermore,the protective effect of polyethylene glycol(PEG),PANI,and PAA ensure that the nanoceria can only play the role of catalase under the irradiation of NIR light arrived at the tumor ***,loading of nanoceria and ICG onto PANI greatly enhanced photo thermal effect of nanoparticles.(NPs),which is.useful for killing cancer cells by relieving hypoxia and promoting cross-membrane drug *** further enhance photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy *** chemo-photo combination therapies fantastically inhibited tumor growth and prevented tumor recurrence in vivo,suggesting a smart nanotheranostic system to achieve more precise and effective therapies in O_(2)-deprived tumor tis.ue.

关键词： nanocatalytic medicine photodynamic therapy hypoxia cerium oxide@polyaniline combination therapy

Effectiveness of heat and mass transfer on mixed convective peristaltic motion of nanofluid with irreversibility rate

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2021年第10期73卷 36-46页

作者： Y Akbar F M Abbasi u M Zahid s A shehzad Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabadPakistan Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadSahiwalPakistan

Entropy generation is one of the key features in analysis as it exhibits irreversibility of the system. Therefore, the present s.udy investigates the entropy generation rate in a mixed convective peristaltic motion of a reactive nanofluid through an asymmetrical divergent channel with heat and mass transfer characteristics. The endorsed nanofluid model holds thermophoresis and Brownian diffusions. Mathematical modeling is configured under the effects of mixed convection, heat generation/absorption and viscous dissipation. A chemical reaction is also introduced for the description of mass transportation. The resulting system of differential equations is numerically tackled by employing the shooting method. The findings reveal that entropy generation rises by improving the Brownian motion and thermophoresis parameters. The temperature of the nanofluid decreases due to rising buoyancy forces caused by the concentration gradient. The concentration profile increases by increasing the chemical reaction parameter. The velocity increases by enhancing the Brownian motion parameter.

关键词： peristaltic flow thermophoresis and Brownian motion mixed convection chemical reaction irreversibility nanofluid

salinity Distribution at Canal Istanbul and Its Possible Impacts on the Northern Marmara sea

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China Ocean Engineering 2020年第6期34卷 881-888页

作者： Şehriban sAÇu Tarkan ERDIK OlgayŞEN Istanbul Technical university MaslakIstanbul 34467Turkey

Turkey has announced its plan to construct a new waterway, Canal Istanbul, parallel to the Bosphorus. In this s.udy,the influence of Canal Istanbul on salinity distribution in the northern Marmara sea is investigated using a previously calibrated 3 D hydrodynamic and salinity model. Moreover, the salinity field of the canal and its propagation are examined based on various meteorological cases. Finally, the flow structure of the canal is determined. It is calculated that at the s.uthern end of the canal, mainly unidirectional flow(from the Black sea to the Marmara sea)occurs during 68% of the simulation period. A two-layer flow is seen only 28% of the time with a weak lower layer flow, whereas this value decreases to 4% at the north end of the canal. In the s.uthward direction(to the Marmara sea), velocities higher than 1.5 m/s are rarely observed along the canal. The average surface salinity difference in the northern Marmara sea due to the construction of the canal is calculated to be smaller than 0.50 ppt. The salinity difference gradually diminishes as water depth increases and after 25 m(from the surface) almost no difference is observed.

关键词： Canal Istanbul Marmara sea salinity distribution hydrodynamic modeling