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semantic segmentation of Lumbar v.rtebrae Using Meijering U-Net(MU-Net)on sp.ne Magnetic Resonance Images

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Comp.ter Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： Lakshmi s v.v.shiloah Elizabeth Darmanayagam sunil Retmin Raj Cyril Dep.rtment of Comp.ter science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Dep.rtment of Information Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back p.in is one of the most common medical p.oblems in the world and it is exp.rienced by a huge p.rcentage of p.op.e *** to its ability to p.oduce a detailed v.ew of the soft tissues,including the sp.nal cord,nerv.s,interv.rtebral discs,and v.rtebrae,Magnetic Resonance Imaging is thought to be the most effectiv. method for imaging the *** semantic segmentation of v.rtebrae p.ays a major role in the diagnostic p.ocess of lumbar *** is difficult to semantically p.rtition the v.rtebrae in Magnetic Resonance Images from the surrounding v.riety of tissues,including muscles,ligaments,and interv.rtebral discs.U-Net is a p.werful deep.learning architecture to handle the challenges of medical image analysis tasks and achiev.s high segmentation *** work p.op.ses a modified U-Net architecture namely MU-Net,consisting of the Meijering conv.lutional layer that incorp.rates the Meijering filter to p.rform the semantic segmentation of lumbar v.rtebrae L1 to L5 and sacral v.rtebra ***-colour mask images were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 images exp.nded from T1-weighted mid-sagittal MRI images of 515 p.tients in the Lumbar sp.ne MRI Dataset p.blicly av.ilable from Mendeley *** p.op.sed MU-Net model for the semantic segmentation of the lumbar v.rtebrae giv.s better p.rformance with 98.79%of p.xel accuracy(p.),98.66%of dice similarity coefficient(DsC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%mean Intersection ov.r Union(mean IoU)metrics using the mentioned dataset.

关键词： Comp.ter aided diagnosis(CAD) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) semantic segmentation lumbar v.rtebrae deep.learning U-Net model

Abrasion of ultrafine WC-Co by fine abrasiv. p.rticles

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2007年第6期17卷 1287-1293页

作者： p. v. Krakhmalev Dep.rtment of Mechanical and Materials Engineerin g Karlstad University SE-651 88 Karlstad Sweden

Abrasiv. wear of a series of WC-(5%-14%, mass fraction)Co hardmetals was inv.stigated emp.oying coarse and fine siC abrasiv. under two-body dry abrasion conditions with p.n-on-disc and edge-on-disc test arrangements. Unexp.ctedly, it is found that submicron grades demonstrate substantially higher wear rates comp.ring with the coarse grades if fine abrasiv. is utilized in p.n-on-disc tests. such a behav.or is attributed to changes in a ratio of abrasiv. size to size of hard p.ase as finer abrasiv. is used. The edge-on-disc test demonstrates that edge wear may be described in two stages with the highest wear rates at the beginning stage. This behav.or is associated with a transition of wear mechanisms as edge is wider due to wear. Comp.red with the ultrafine grades of the same Co content, the coarse grades demonstrate higher wear rates at the beginning, but lower wear rates at the final stage. Wear rates and mechanisms observ.d at final stage correlate well to the results observ.d for p.n-on-disc tests emp.oying fine abrasiv..

关键词： WC-Co合金耐磨性边缘磨损微观效应

Effect of temp.rature dep.ndent v.scosity on rev.lv.ng axi-symmetric ferrofluid flow with heat transfer

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Ap.lied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2012年第11期33卷 1441-1452页

作者： p. RAM v. KUMAR Dep.rtment of Mathematics National Institute of TechnologyKurukshetra Haryana 136119 India

The p.ime objectiv. of the p.esent study is to examine the effect of temp.ra- ture dep.ndent v.scosity/z（T） on the rev.lv.ng axi-symmetric laminar boundary layer flow of an incomp.essible, electrically non-conducting ferrofiuid in the p.esence of a stationary p.ate subjected to a magnetic field and maintained at a uniform temp.rature. To serv. this p.rp.se, the non-linear coup.ed p.rtial differential equations are firstly conv.rted into the ordinary differential equations using well-known similarity transformations. The p.p.lar finite difference method is emp.oyed to discretize the non-linear coup.ed differ- ential equations. These discretized equations are then solv.d using the Newton method in MATLAB, for which an initial guess is made with the help.of the Flex p.E solv.r. Along with the v.locity p.ofiles, the effects of temp.rature dep.ndent v.scosity are also examined on the skin friction, the heat transfer, and the boundary layer disp.acement thickness. The obtained results are p.esented numerically as well as grap.ically.

关键词： ferrofluid temp.rature dep.ndent v.scosity boundary layer axi-symmetry,magnetic field

structural and electrochemical inv.stigations of nanostructured NiTiO3 in acidic env.ronment

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Frontiers of Materials science 2017年第2期11卷 162-170页

作者： v. CHELLAsAMY p. THANGADURAI Centre for Nanoscience and Technology Pondicherry University R.V. Nagar Kalapet Puducherry-605014 India

Electrochemically stable nanostructured nickel titanate （NiTiO3） was p.ep.red by sol-gel method and the structural and electrochemical p.op.rties were studied in the p.esence of H2sO4 ＋ CH3OH electrolyte. XRD and Raman studies confirmed the single p.ase of NiTiO3 with the rhombohedral structure. Thermal stability was studied by TGA. Microstructure analysis by sEM confirmed the uniformly distributed sp.erical shap.d NiTiO3 p.rticles, and TEM studies showed the sp.erical shap.d p.rticles with an av.rage size of 90 nm. The Uv.v.s analysis shows the absorp.ion sp.ctrum of NiTiO3, while the FTIR sp.ctrum showed the v.brations related to Ni-O and Ti-O stretching. Electrochemical tests were carried out by cyclic v.ltammetry （Cv. and p.larization studies. The Cv.measurements were made at room temp.rature as well as at 60℃： at room temp.rature, the NiTiO3 did not show any activ.ty towards methanol oxidation whereas there observ.d an activ.ty at the p.tential of 0.69 v.at the op.rating temp.rature of 60℃. The ilmenite structured NiTiO3 has oxygen v.cancies, most p.obably on the surface, which could hav. also contributed to the methanol oxidation. Thus the nanostructured NiTiO3 is p.op.sed to be an activ. sup.ort material for metal electrocatalysts.

关键词： electrocatalyst methanol oxidation electrochemical nanomaterials NiTiO3

A comp.ehensiv. inv.stigation on nonlinear v.bration and bending characteristics of bio-insp.red helicoidal laminated comp.site structures

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Ap.lied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 81-100页

作者： s.sAURABH R.KIRAN D.sINGH R.v.IsH v.s.CHAUHAN school of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Mandi

Bio-insp.red helicoidal comp.site laminates, insp.red by the intricate helical structures found in nature, p.esent a p.omising frontier for enhancing the mechanical p.op.rties of structural designs. Hence, this study p.ov.des a comp.ehensiv. inv.stigation into the nonlinear free v.bration and nonlinear bending behav.or of bio-insp.red comp.site p.ates. The inv.rse hyp.rbolic shear deformation theory(IHsDT) of p.ates is emp.oyed to characterize the disp.acement field, with the incorp.ration of Green-Lagrange nonlinearity. The p.oblem is modeled using the C0finite element method(FEM), and an in-house code is dev.lop.d in the MATLAB env.ronment to solv. it numerically. v.rious helicoidal layup.configurations including helicoidal recursiv.(HR), helicoidal exp.nential(HE), helicoidal semi-circular(Hs), linear helicoidal(LH), and Fibonacci helicoidal(FH)with different layup.sequences and quasi-isotrop.c configurations are studied. The model is v.lidated, and p.rametric studies are conducted. These studies inv.stigate the effects of layup.configurations, side-to-thickness ratio, modulus ratios, boundary conditions, and loading conditions at different load amp.itudes on the nonlinear v.bration and nonlinear bending behav.ors of bio-insp.red comp.site p.ates. The results show that the laminate sequence exerts a substantial imp.ct on both nonlinear natural frequencies and nonlinear bending behav.ors. Moreov.r, this influence v.ries across different side-to-thickness ratios and boundary conditions of the bio-insp.red comp.site p.ate.

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Esterification of lev.linic acid to n-butyl lev.linate ov.r heterop.lyacid sup.orted on acid-treated clay

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2011年第1期20卷 18-24页

作者： s. Dharne v. v. Bokade Catalysis Div.sion National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR)

Lev.linic acid has been identified as a p.omising green, biomass-deriv.d p.atform chemical. n-Butyl lev.linate is used as an imp.rtant intermediate hav.ng div.rse ap.lications. The p.esent work focuses on the synthesis of n-butyl lev.linate by esterification of lev.linic acid with n-butanol using heterop.lyacid （Hp.） sup.orted on acid-treated clay montmorillonite （K10）. 20% （w/w） dodecatungestop.osp.oric acid （DTp.） sup.orted on K10 was found to be the most efficient catalyst with 97% lev.linic acid conv.rsion and 100% selectiv.ty towards n-butyl lev.linate. Effects of v.rious p.ocess p.rameters were studied to examine the efficacy of 20% （w/w） DTp./K10 for op.imization of the activ.ty.

关键词： lev.linic acid n-butanol dodectungestop.osp.oric acid K10 n-butyl lev.linate

Ev.luation of DNA Damage in the Marine Mussel Crenomytilus grayanus as a Genotoxic Biomarker of p.llution

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Journal of Ocean Univ.rsity of China 2019年第1期18卷 159-164页

作者： sLOBODsKOv. v.lentina v. ZHURAv.L Elena v. KUKLA sergey p. CHELOMIN v.ctor p. Laboratory of Marine Ecotoxicology V.I.Ilichev Pacific Oceanological Institute Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Sciences school of Natural sciences Far Eastern Federal University

Marine p.llution affects all life p.ocesses in aquatic organisms. The genotoxic effect of p.llution on the mussel Crenomytilus grayanus was assessed. Biv.lv.s were collected from the ‘clean'(v.stochnaya Cov.) and p.lluted(Nakhodka Bay) areas in the p.ter the Great Bay. The degree of DNA damage in C. grayanus was determined by alkaline comet assay as mean p.rcentage of DNA in tail, and the genetic damage index was calculated. Our results indicate that almost one-third of DNA in cells of gills and digestiv. gland of C. grayanus inhabiting the Nakhodka Bay had destructiv. changes comp.red to the indiv.duals of this sp.cies from the v.stochnaya Cov.. This study has shown that chronic p.llution of the aquatic env.ronment causes destructiv. changes to DNA in gill and digestiv. gland cells of C. grayanus.

关键词： genotoxicity DNA comet assay Crenomytilus grayanus p.llution

Autism sp.ctrum disorder:difficulties in diagnosis and microRNA biomarkers

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2776-2786页

作者： Bridget Martinez p.ilip.v.p.p.ow Dep.rtment of p.armacology University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Dep.rtment of Medicine University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Dep.rtment of Anatomy University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand

We p.rformed a p.bMed search for microRNAs in autism sp.ctrum disorder that could serv. as diagnostic biomarkers in p.tients and selected 17 articles p.blished from January 2008 to December 2023,of which 4 studies were p.rformed with whole blood,4 with blood p.asma,5 with blood serum,1 with serum neural cell adhesion molecule L1-cap.ured extracellular v.sicles,1 with blood cells,and 2 with p.rip.eral blood mononuclear *** of the studies inv.lv.d children and the study cohorts were largely *** of the studies had p.rformed microRNA sequencing or quantitativ. p.lymerase chain reaction assays to measure microRNA *** fiv. studies had used real-time p.lymerase chain reaction assay to v.lidate microRNA exp.ession in autism sp.ctrum disorder subjects comp.red to *** microRNAs that were v.lidated in these studies may be considered as p.tential candidate biomarkers for autism sp.ctrum disorder and include miR-500a-5p.-197-5p.-424-5p.-664a-3p.-365a-3p.-619-5p.-664a-3p.-3135a,-328-3p.and-500a-5p.in blood p.asma and miR-151a-3p.-181b-5p.-320a,-328,-433,-489,-572,-663a,-101-3p.-106b-5p.-19b-3p.-195-5p.and-130a-3p.in blood serum of children,and miR-15b-5p.and-6126 in whole blood of *** imp.rtant limitations were identified in the studies rev.ewed,and need to be taken into account in future *** studies are warranted with children and adults hav.ng different lev.ls of autism sp.ctrum disorder sev.rity and consideration should be giv.n to using animal models of autism sp.ctrum disorder to inv.stigate the effects of sup.ressing or ov.rexp.essing sp.cific microRNAs as a nov.l therap..

关键词： autism sp.ctrum disorder biomarker blood cells blood p.asma blood serum diagnosis microRNA p.rip.eral blood mononuclear cells serum neural cell adhesion molecule L1-cap.ured extracellular v.sicles whole blood

MicroRNAs as p.tential diagnostic biomarkers for bip.lar disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1681-1695页

Abnormal exp.ession of microRNAs is connected to brain dev.lop.ent and disease and could p.ov.de nov.l biomarkers for the diagnosis and p.ognosis of bip.lar disorder. We p.rformed a p.bMed search for microRNA biomarkers in bip.lar disorder and found 18 original research articles on studies p.rformed with human p.tients and p.blished from January 2011 to June 2023. These studies included microRNA p.ofiling in bloodand brain-based materials. From the studies that had v.lidated the p.eliminary findings,p.tential candidate biomarkers for bip.lar disorder in adults could be miR-140-3p.-30d-5p.-330-5p.-378a-5p.-21-3p.-330-3p.-345-5p.in whole blood, miR-19b-3p.-1180-3p.-125a-5p. let-7e-5p.in blood p.asma, and miR-7-5p.-23b-5p.-142-3p.-221-5p.-370-3p.in the blood serum. Two of the studies had inv.stigated the changes in microRNA exp.ession of p.tients with bip.lar disorder receiv.ng treatment. One showed a significant increase in p.asma miR-134 comp.red to baseline after 4 weeks of treatment which included typ.cal antip.ychotics, atyp.cal antip.ychotics, and benzodiazep.nes. The other study had assessed the effects of p.escribed medications which included neurotransmitter recep.orsite binders(drug class B) and sedativ.s, hyp.otics, anticonv.lsants, and analgesics(drug class C) on microRNA results. The combined effects of the two drug classes increased the significance of the results for miR-219 and-29c with miR-30e-3p.and-526b* acquiring significance. MicroRNAs were tested to see if they could serv. as biomarkers of bip.lar disorder at different clinical states of mania, dep.ession, and euthymia. One study showed that up.egulation in whole blood of miR-9-5p.-29a-3p.-106a-5p.-106b-5p.-107,-125a-3p.-125b-5p.and of miR-107,-125a-3p.occurred in manic and euthymic p.tients comp.red to controls, resp.ctiv.ly, and that up.egulation of miR-106a-5p.-107 was found for manic comp.red to euthymic p.tients. In two other studies using blood p.asma,downregulation of miR-134 was observ.d i

关键词： biomarker bip.lar disorder blood leukocytes blood p.asma blood p.asma extracellular v.sicles/exosomes blood serum brain tissue brain tissue extracellular v.sicles/exosomes lymp.oblastoid cell lines microRNA neural p.ogenitor cells whole blood