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Experimental investigation on weak shock wave mitigation characteristics of flexible polyurethane foam and polyurea

Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 179-191页

作者： shiyu Jia Cheng Wang Wenlong Xu Dong ma Fangfang Qi state Key Laboratory of Explosion science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Institute for Advanced Technology Shandong UniversityJinan250061China

In recent years,explosion shock wave has been considered as a signature injury of the current military *** strong shock wave is lethal to the human body,weak shock wave can cause many more lasting *** investigate the protection ability and characteristics of flexible materials and structures under weak shock wave loading,the blast wave produced by TNT explosive is loaded on the polyurethane foam with the density of 200.0 kg/m3(F-200)and 400.0 kg/m3(F-400),polyurea with the density of 1100.0 kg/m^(3)(P-1100)and structures composed of the two materials,which are intended for individual *** results indicate that the shock wave is attenuated to weak pressure disturbance after interacting with the flexible materials which are not *** shock wave protective capability of single-layer materials is dependent on their thickness,density and microscopic *** overpressure,maximum pressure rise rate and impulse of transmitted wave decrease exponentially with increase in sample *** the same thickness,F-400 provides better protective capability than F-200 while P-1100 shows the best protective capability among the three *** this study,as the materials are not destroyed,F-200 with a thickness more than10.0 mm,F-400 with a thickness more than 4.0 mm,and P-1100 with a thickness more than 1.0 mm can attenuate the overpressure amplitude more than 90.0%.Further,multi-layer flexible composites are *** layer layouts of designed structures and layer thickness of the single-layer materials can affect the protective *** the research range,the structure in which polyurea is placed on the impact side shows the optimal shock wave protective performance,and the thicknesses of polyurea and polyurethane foam are 1.0 mm and 4.0 mm *** overpressure attenuation rate reached maximum value of 93.3%and impulse attenuation capacity of this structure are better than those of s

关键词： Free-field explosion Weak shock wave mitigation Polyurea Polyurethane foam Multi-layered composites

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A novel alcohol dehydrogenase in the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon Hyperthermus butylicus

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mLife 2024年第2期3卷 317-325页

作者： Ching Tse Kesen ma Department of Biology University of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada

Hyperthermus butylicus is a hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon that produces 1-butanol as an end product.A thermostable alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH)must be present in *** to act as the key enzyme responsible for this production;however,the gene that encodes the ADH has not yet been identified.A novel ADH,HbADH2,was purified from a cell-free extract of ***,and its characteristics were *** gene that encodes HbADH2 was demonstrated to be HBUT_Rs04850 and annotated as a hypothetical protein in ***2 was found to be a primary-secondary ADH capable of using a wide range of substrates,including butyraldehyde and *** had the highest specificity constant,calculated as k_(cat)/K_(m),with kcat and apparent K_(m) values of 8.00±0.22 s^(-1) and 0.59±0.07 mM,*** apparent Km values for other substrates,including ethanol,1-propanol,2-propanol,butanol,acetaldehyde,propanal,and acetone,were 4.36±0.42,4.69±0.41,3.74±0.46,2.44±0.30,1.27±0.18,1.55±0.20,and 0.68±0.04 mM,*** optimal pH values for catalyzing aldehyde reduction and alcohol oxidation were 6.0 and 9.0,respectively,while the optimal temperature was higher than 90°C due to the increase in enzymatic activity from 60℃ to 90℃.Based on its substrate specificity,enzyme kinetics,and thermostability,HbADH2 may be the ADH that catalyzes the production of 1-butanol in *** putative conserved motif sites for NAD(P)^(+)and iron binding were identified by aligning HbADH2 with previously characterized Fe-containing ADHs.

关键词： butanol hyperthermophile Hyperthermus butylicus novel alcohol dehydrogenase thermostability

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Asymmetric Electrolytes Design for Aqueous Multivalent Metal Ion Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 227-253页

作者： Xiaochen Yang Xinyu Wang Yue Xiang Longtao ma Wei Huang Frontiers science Center for Flexible Electronics Institute of Flexible ElectronicsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China school of materials science and Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage MaterialsSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641People’s Republic of China

With the rapid development of portable electronics and electric road vehicles,high-energy-density batteries have been becoming front-burner ***,homogeneous electrolyte cannot simultaneously meet diametrically opposed demands of high-potential cathode and low-potential anode,which are essential for high-voltage ***,homogeneous electrolyte is difficult to achieve bi-or multi-functions to meet different requirements of *** comparison,the asymmetric electrolyte with bi-or multi-layer disparate components can satisfy distinct requirements by playing different roles of each electrolyte layer and meanwhile compensates weakness of individual ***,the asymmetric electrolyte can not only suppress by-product sedimentation and continuous electrolyte decomposition at the anode while preserving active substances at the cathode for high-voltage batteries with long cyclic *** this review,we comprehensively divide asymmetric electrolytes into three categories:decoupled liquid-state electrolytes,bi-phase solid/liquid electrolytes and decoupled asymmetric solid-state *** design principles,reaction mechanism and mutual compatibility are also studied,***,we provide a comprehensive vision for the simplification of structure to reduce costs and increase device energy density,and the optimization of solvation structure at anolyte/catholyte interface to realize fast ion transport kinetics.

关键词： Asymmetric electrolyte Aqueous multivalent metal ion batteries Electrochemical stability windows Electrolyte interface

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Dynamic analysis of axle box bearings on the high-speed train caused by wheel-rail excitation

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Applied mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 441-460页

作者： Qiaoying ma shaopu YANG Yongqiang LIU Baosen WANG Zechao LIU state Key Laboratory of Mechanical behavior and system safety of Traffic Engineering structures Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China school of Transportation Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China school of Mechanical Engineering Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China

To explore the impact of wheel-rail excitation on the dynamic performance of axle box bearings,a dynamic model of the high-speed train including axle box bearings is ***,the dynamic response characteristics of the axle box bearing are *** investigation focuses on the acceleration characteristics of bearing vibration under excitation of track irregularities and wheel *** addition,experiments on both normal and faulty bearings are conducted separately,and the correctness of the model and some conclusions are *** to the research,track irregularity is unfavorable for bearing fault detection based on resonance *** the same speed conditions,the acceleration peak of bearing is inversely proportional to the length of the wheel flat and directly proportional to its *** paper will contribute to a deeper understanding of the dynamic performance of axle box bearings.

关键词： high-speed train track irregularity wheel flat dynamic simulation

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Optimal confrontation position selecting games model and its application to one-on-one air combat

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 417-428页

作者： Zekun Duan Genjiu Xu Xin Liu Jiayuan ma Liying Wang school of mathematics and statistics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China International Joint Research Center on Operations Research Optimization and Artificial IntelligenceXi'an 710129China AVIC Xi’an Aeronautics Computing Technique Research Institute Xi'an 710065China Unmanned system Research Institute Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

In the air combat process,confrontation position is the critical factor to determine the confrontation situation,attack effect and escape probability of ***,selecting the optimal confrontation position becomes the primary goal of maneuver *** taking the position as the UAV’s maneuver strategy,this paper constructs the optimal confrontation position selecting games(OCPsGs)*** the OCPsGs model,the payoff function of each UAV is defined by the difference between the comprehensive advantages of both sides,and the strategy space of each UAV at every step is defined by its accessible space determined by the *** we design the limit approximation of mixed strategy Nash equilibrium(LAMsNQ)algorithm,which provides a method to determine the optimal probability distribution of positions in the strategy *** the simulation phase,we assume the motions on three directions are independent and the strategy space is a cuboid to simplify the *** simulations are performed to verify the feasibility,effectiveness and stability of the algorithm.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) Air combat Continuous strategy space Mixed strategy Nash equilibrium

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Overview of the immunological mechanisms in hepatitis B virus reactivation:Implications for disease progression and management strategies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1295-1312页

作者： Hui ma Qing-Zhu Yan Jing-Ru ma Dong-Fu Li Jun-Ling Yang Department of Clinical Laboratory The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130000Jilin ProvinceChina Department of Ultrasound Medicine The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130000Jilin ProvinceChina Digestive Diseases Center Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary MedicineThe Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130000Jilin ProvinceChina Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130000Jilin ProvinceChina

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)reactivation is a clinically significant challenge in disease *** review explores the immunological mechanisms underlying HBV reactivation,emphasizing disease progression and *** delves into host immune responses and reactivation’s delicate balance,spanning innate and adaptive *** factors’disruption of this balance,as are interac-tions between viral antigens,immune cells,cytokine networks,and immune checkpoint pathways,are ***,the roles of T cells,natural killer cells,and antigen-presenting cells are discussed,highlighting their influence on disease *** reactivation’s impact on disease severity,hepatic flares,liver fibrosis progression,and hepatocellular carcinoma is *** strategies,including anti-viral and immunomodulatory approaches,are critically *** role of prophylactic anti-viral therapy during immunosuppressive treatments is explored alongside novel immunotherapeutic interventions to restore immune control and prevent *** conclusion,this compre-hensive review furnishes a holistic view of the immunological mechanisms that propel HBV *** a dedicated focus on understanding its implic-ations for disease progression and the prospects of efficient management stra-tegies,this article contributes significantly to the knowledge *** more profound insights into the intricate interactions between viral elements and the immune system will inform evidence-based approaches,ultimately enhancing disease management and elevating patient *** dynamic landscape of management strategies is critically scrutinized,spanning anti-viral and immunomodulatory *** role of prophylactic anti-viral therapy in preventing reactivation during immunosuppressive treatments and the potential of innovative immunotherapeutic interventions to restore immune control and proactively deter reactivation.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus reactivation Immunological mechanisms Disease progression management strategies Immune response

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Bifurcation and optimal control for an infectious disease model with the impact of information

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2024年第1期17卷 113-149页

作者： Zhihui ma shenghua Li shuyan Han school of mathematics and statistics Lanzhou University Lanzhou Gansu 730000P.R.China

A nonlinear infectious disease model with information-influenced vaccination behavior and contact patterns is proposed in this paper,and the impact of information related to disease prevalence on increasing vaccination coverage and reducing disease incidence during the outbreak is ***,we perform the analysis for the existence of equilibria and the stability properties of the proposed *** particular,the geometric approach is used to obtain the sufficient condition which guarantees the global asymptotic stability of the unique endemic equilibrium Ee when the basic reproduction number Ro>***,mathematical derivation combined with numerical simulation shows the existence of the double Hopf bifurcation around ***,based on the numerical results,it is shown that the information coverage and the average information delay may lead to more complex dynamical ***,the optimal control problem is established with information-infuenced vaccination and treatment as control *** corresponding optimal paths are obtained analytically by using Pontryagin's maximum principle,and the applicability and validity of virous intervention strategies for the proposed controls are presented by numerical experiments.

关键词： Infectious disease model information index stability double Hopf bifurcation optimal control Pontryagin's maximum principle

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Opportunities and challenges of CD47-targeted therapy in cancer immunotherapy

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Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 49-60页

作者： QIUQIANG CHEN XUEJUN GUO WENXUE ma Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine The First Affiliated HospitalHuzhou University School of MedicineHuzhou313000China Department of Hematology Puyang Youtian General HospitalPuyang457001China Department of Medicine Moores Cancer CenterSanford Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaSan Diego92093USA

Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of cancer,with the tumor microenvironment(TME)playing a pivotal role in modulating the immune ***47,a cell surface protein,has been identified as a crucial regulator of the TME and a potential therapeutic target for cancer ***,the precise functions and implications of CD47 in the TME during immunotherapy for cancer patients remain incompletely *** comprehensive review aims to provide an overview of CD47’s multifaced role in TME regulation and immune evasion,elucidating its impact on various types of immunotherapy outcomes,including checkpoint inhibitors and CAR T-cell ***,CD47-targeted therapies offer a promising avenue for improving cancer treatment outcomes,especially when combined with other immunotherapeutic *** review also discusses current and potential CD47-targeted therapies being explored for cancer treatment and delves into the associated challenges and opportunities inherent in targeting *** the demonstrated effectiveness of CD47-targeted therapies,there are potential problems,including unintended effects on healthy cells,hematological toxicities,and the development if ***,further research efforts are warranted to fully understand the underlying mechanisms of resistance and to optimize CD47-targeted therapies through innovative combination approaches,ultimately improving cancer treatment ***,this comprehensive review highlights the significance of CD47 as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy and provides valuable insight into the challenges and opportunities in developing effective CD47-targeted therapies for cancer treatment.

关键词： CD47 Cancer immunotherapy CD47-targeted therapies Tumor microenvironment macrophage Cancer cell Immune evasion Checkpoint inhibitors CAR T-cell therapy Cancer treatment outcomes

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seismic attribute and well-log analysis for channel characterization in the upper san Andres and Grayburg formations of the Midland Basin,Texas

Energy Geoscience

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 263-278页

作者： sumit verma Esra Yalçın Yılmaz Laura Ortiz sanguino Justin Yandell Miles A.Henderson Robert C.Trentham Department of Geosciences The University of Texas Permian BasinOdessaTXUSA school of Geosciences The University of OklahomaNormanOKUSA

The Permian Basin is one of the most prolific,and currently one of the most active,oil and gas basins in the *** Lower Permian strata in the Permian Basin have produced more than 14 billion barrels of oil(BBO),making it the largest volume of hydrocarbon in the *** in the Midland Basin during late Leonardian through early Guadalupian(ca.272e269 ma)resulted in progradation of shelf edge and ultimately closure of the basin by Middle Permian *** analyzed a merged seismic survey covering parts of the Permian Basin(i.e.,Central Basin Platform and Midland Basin)in Andrews,Ector,and Midland Counties,*** seismic survey and well logs show the presence of gently dipping(ca.1°)clinoforms in the Upper san Andres and Grayburg Formations on the eastern edge of the Central Basin Platform and western Midland *** seismic attributes,curvature,and spectral decomposition identify low sinuosity slope channels oriented north-south,but such channels do not appear beyond the *** shelf edge shifts from north to south during deposition of the Upper san Andres and Grayburg *** identify five basinward shifts noted by the migration of the shelf edge toward the basin center and the presence of channel features along the depositional *** petrophysical analysis indicates that channels cut into carbonate rocks and are filled by siliciclastic sediments;this interpretation is supported by the most negative curvature anomalies along the channel axes caused by the differential compaction between the carbonate and siliciclastic *** are a few channels with a northwest-southeast strike,which matches the direction of the Concho Lineament observed by satellite *** observations are consistent with previous interpretations of the northern Midland Basin closure during Middle-Late Permian time.

关键词： Permian shelf carbonate

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magnesium-containing pellet regulating blast furnace ferrous burden interaction:softening-melting behavior and mechanism

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Journal of Iron and steel Research(International) 2024年第7期31卷 1623-1635页

作者： Li-ming ma Jian-liang Zhang Yao-zu Wang Xiao-yong ma Gui-lin Wang Zhuo Li Hui-qing Jiang Zheng-jian Liu school of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China school of Intelligence science and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Lingyuan Iron and steel Group Co. Lingyuan 122500LiaoningChina

MgO participates in all stages of sintering,pelletizing,and blast furnace ironmaking,and synergistically optimizing the distribution of MgO in ferrous burden can effectively enhance the interaction within the ferrous burdens and optimize the softening-melting properties of the mixed ***-containing pellets mixed with low-MgO sinter or mixed with high-MgO sinter in the blast furnace ferrous burden structure have opposite softening-melting performance *** the structure of the ferrous burden is magnesium-containing pellets mixed with low-MgO sinter,the magnesium-containing pellets can enhance the interaction of the ferrous burden in the process of softening-melting,which can optimize the composition of the slag phase and improve the slag *** the structure of the ferrous burden is magnesium-containing pellets mixed with high-MgO sinter,the magnesium-containing pellets weaken the interaction of the ferrous burden in the process of softening-melting,increase the content of the high melting point solid-phase particles in the slag,lead to an increase in the viscosity of the slag and difficult separation of the slag and iron,and decrease the permeability of the charge ***,to ensure good permeability of the mixed burden,the following measures are suggested:optimizing the MgO distribution of the ferrous burden,reducing the MgO content of the sinter to 1.96 wt.%,increasing the MgO content of the pellets to 1.03-1.30 wt.%,controlling the MgO/Al_(2)O_(3) ratio of the mixed burden within 1.15-1.32,narrowing the position of the cohesive zone,and maintaining an s value(permeability index)of approximately 150 kPa℃.

关键词： Ironmaking Ferrous burden softening-melting property Interaction Permeability slag

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