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Journal of Mountain science 2022年第7期19卷 1988-1997页

作者： raju RAI ZHANG Yi-li WANG Zhao-feng Basanta PAUDEL LIU Lin-shan Mohan Kumar RAI Narendra Raj KHANAL Key Laboratory of Land surface Pattern and simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing100049China Institute of Fundamental Research and studies Kathmandu44600Nepal Kathmandu Center for Research and Education Chinese Academy of Sciences-Tribhuvan UniversityKirtipurKathmandu44613Nepal

The Gandaki River Basin(GRB),located in the central Himalaya,provides habitats for a large number of important flora and fauna *** habitats of key protected species have changed over time as a result of climate changes and human activities related to land use change,including the development of *** study assessed the present and future distributions of sloth bear(Melursus ursinus)habitats using the maximum entropy(Max Ent)*** data,a digital elevation model and roads were used as environmental layers to assess current and future distributions of *** show that the overall habitat within the study area is likely to undergo important changes in the *** 8(the mean temperature of the wettest quarter)and slope were found to be important variables affecting the distribution of the *** habitats very highly suitable for sloth bears currently cover an area of 148 km^(2) within the *** habitats are predicted to increase by 122 km^(2) more by ***,a net change by 680.38 km^(2) was found in the *** measures are necessary for this key protected species and its habitat within the GRB and elsewhere in Nepal.

关键词： sloth bear Melursus ursinus Habitat prediction Max Ent Gandaki River Basin Himalays

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Turbulent Flow Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Horizontal Circular Tube Using Mesh Inserts

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2010年第7期4卷 32-41页

作者： s.N. sarada A.V.s.R. raju K.K. Radha Department of Mechanical Engineering JNTUH College of Engineering Kukatpally Hyderabad500085 Andhra Pradesh India.

The present work focuses on experimental and numerical investigations of the augmentation of turbulent flow heat transfer in a horizontal circular tube by means of mesh inserts with air as the working fluid. sixteen types of mesh inserts with screen diameters of 22 mm, 18 mm, 14 mm and 10 mm for varying distance between the screens of 50 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm and 200 mm in the porosity range of 99.73 to 99.98 were considered for experimentation. The horizontal tube was subjected to constant and uniform heat flux. The Reynolds number varied from 7,000 to 14,000. The results are compared with the clear flow case when no porous material was used. Computational fluid dynamics （CFD） techniques were also employed to perform optimization analysis of the mesh inserts. The horizontal tube along with mesh inserts was modeled in Gambit 2.2.30 with fine meshing and analyzed using FLUENT 6.2.16. CFD analysis was performed initially for plain tube and the results are compared with experimental values for validation.

关键词： Enhancement. mesh inserts heat transfer turbulent flow CFD analysis.

Discretization of Complex Geometric Domain Through Computer-Based stair-step Representation Method for Estimating Water Levels Associated with A storm

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China Ocean Engineering 2022年第5期36卷 791-801页

作者： Md.Mahabub Alam Gour Chandra Paul Irfan raju Foyjonnesa Farhana Zannat Eti Mst.sharmin Banu Dipankar Kumar Md.Emran Ali Department of Applied Mathematics Gono BishwabidyalayDhaka-1344Bangladesh Department of Mathematics University of RajshahiRajshahi-6205Bangladesh Department of Arts&sciences Bangladesh Army University of Science and TechnologySaidpur-5310Bangladesh Department of Mathematics European University of BangladeshDhaka-1216Bangladesh Department of Mathematics Jashore University of Science and TechnologyJashore-7408Bangladesh Department of Mathematics Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology UniversityGopalganj 8100Bangladesh Department of Textile Engineering Northern University of BangladeshDhaka 1230Bangladesh

In this paper,an improvement has been made to the approximation technique of a complex domain through the stair-step approach to have a considerable accuracy,minimize computational cost,and avoid the hardship of manual work.A novel stair-step representation algorithm is used in this regard,where the entire procedure is carried out through our developed MATLAB *** C-grid is used in our approximation with(1/120)°grid *** a test case,the method is applied to approximate the domain covering the area between 15°-23°N latitudes and 85°-95°E longitudes in the Bay of *** with the approximation of the land-sea interface,coastal stations are also *** land-sea interfaces and coastal stations are found to be in good agreement with the actual ones based on the similarity index,overlap fraction,and extra fraction *** method can be used for approximating an irregular geometric domain to employ the finite difference method in solving problems related to long *** a test case,shallow water equations in Cartesian coordinates are solved on the domain of interest for simulating water levels due to the nonlinear tide-surge interaction associated with the storms April 1991 and AILA,2009 along the coast of *** same input except for the discretized domain and bathymetry as that of Paul et al.(2016)is used in our *** results are found to be in reasonable agreement with the observed data procured from Bangladesh Inland Water Transport Authority.

关键词： Arakawa C-grid Bay of Bengal coast of Bangladesh finite difference method shallow water equations stair-step representation

Corrosion Behavior of Cu-Zn-Ni shape Memory Alloys

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2013年第2期1卷 49-54页

作者： s. sathish U. s. Mallik T. N. raju Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology Bangalore India Department of Mechanical Engineering Siddaganga Institute of Technology Tumkur India

Four shape memory alloys of Cu-Zn-Ni, in the range of 35-55 wt% of Cu, 43-60 wt% Zn and 2-9 wt% Ni, were prepared by ingot metallurgy route in an induction furnace under an inert atmosphere. The shape memory effect was tested by bend test. The alloys were further tested for its corrosion behavior in fresh water, Hank’s solution and sea water. From the results it was observed that the alloys exhibit high corrosion resistance in fresh water when compared to Hank’s solution and sea water. And it was also observed that the alloys exhibit better corrosion resistance in Hank’s solution than in sea water.

关键词： shape Memory Alloys shape Memory Effect Corrosion

Glacier area change (1993-2019) and its relationship to debris cover, proglacial lakes, and morphological parameters in the Chandra-Bhaga Basin, Western Himalaya, India

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Journal of Mountain science 2024年第4期21卷 1287-1306页

作者： VATsAL sarvagya AZAM Mohd Farooq BHARDWAJ Anshuman MANDAL Arindan BAHUGUNA Ishmohan RAMANATHAN Alagappan raju N.Janardhana TOMAR sangita singh Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology IndoreSimrol 453552India school of Geosciences University of AberdeenKing’s CollegeAberdeen AB243FXUnited Kingdom Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research Indian Institute of ScienceBengaluru 560012India space Application Centre Ahmedabad 380015India school of Environmental sciences Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Delhi 110067India Department of Geography Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim No-7491Norway

Glacier inventories serve as critical baseline data for understanding the impacts of climate change on *** present study maps the outlines of glaciers in the Chandra-Bhaga Basin(western Himalaya)for the years 1993,2000,2010,and 2019 using Landsat Thematic Mapper(TM),Enhanced Thematic Mapper(ETM),and Operational Land Imager(OLI)datasets.A total of 251 glaciers,each having an area above 0.5 km^(2),were identified,which include 216 clean-ice and 35 debris-covered *** changes are estimated for three periods:1993-2000,2000-2010,and *** total glacierized area was 996±62 km^(2) in 1993,which decreased to 973±70 km^(2) in *** mean rate of glacier area loss was higher in the recent decade(2010-2019),at 0.036 km^(2),compared to previous decades(0.029 km^(2) in 2000-2010 and 0.025 km^(2) in 1993-2000).supraglacial debris cover changes are also mapped over the period of 1993 and *** is found that the supraglacial debris cover increased by 14.12±2.54 km^(2)(15.2%)during *** field surveys on Chhota shigri,Panchi II,Patsio,Hamtah,Mulkila,and Yoche Lungpa glaciers were carried out to validate the glacier outlines and supraglacial debris cover estimated using satellite *** of various morphological parameters on retreat were also *** is observed that small,clean ice,south oriented glaciers,and glaciers with proglacial lakes are losing area at faster rates than other glaciers in the basin.

关键词： Glacier Area change Debris cover Morphology Proglacial lake

spontaneous fracture of the femoral neck in preexisting avascular necrosis of femoral head in sickle cell dis-

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2012年第5期15卷 312-314页

作者： raju Vaishya Department of Orthopaedics&Joint Replacement surgery Indraprastha Apollo HospitalsNew DelhiIndia

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head is a known complication of femoral neck fracture but on the contrary, femoral neck fracture in a case of preexisting avascular necrosis is a very rare phenomenon. We present a case study of a 47 year old Iraqi male who developed sponaneous ipsilateral subcapital femoral neck fracture under the condition of preexisting sickle cell disease and avascular necrosis of the femoral head. The fracture was unnoticed for a few months. The patient was managed successfully byuncemented total hip arthroplasty. Postoperative recovery was uneventful and he was discharged 4 days after surgery. At 1 year＇s follow-up, the patient had normal gait and hip function, with no sign of loosening or any other complications on radiograph.

关键词： Femur head necrosis Femoral neckfractures Anemia, sickle cell

Differentiating Crohn's disease from intestinal tuberculosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第4期25卷 418-432页

作者： saurabh Kedia Prasenjit Das Kumble seetharama Madhusudhan siddhartha Dattagupta raju sharma Peush sahni Govind Makharia Vineet Ahuja Department of Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Pathology All India Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Radiology All India Institute of Medical Sciences Department of GI surgery All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Differentiating Crohn's disease(CD) and intestinal tuberculosis(ITB) has remained a dilemma for most of the clinicians in the developing world, which are endemic for ITB, and where the disease burden of inflammatory bowel disease is on the rise. Although, there are certain clinical(diarrhea/hematochezia/perianal disease common in CD; fever/night sweats common in ITB), endoscopic(longitudinal/aphthous ulcers common in CD; transverse ulcers/patulous ileocaecal valve common in ITB), histologic(caseating/confluent/large granuloma common in ITB; microgranuloma common in CD), microbiologic(positive stain/culture for acid fast-bacillus in ITB), radiologic(long segment involvement/comb sign/skip lesions common in CD; necrotic lymph node/contiguous ileocaecal involvement common in ITB), and serologic differences between CD and ITB, the only exclusive features are caseation necrosis on biopsy, positive smear for acid-fast bacillus(AFB) and/or AFB culture, and necrotic lymph node on cross-sectional imaging in ITB. However,these exclusive features are limited by poor sensitivity, and this has led to the development of multiple multi-parametric predictive models. These models are also limited by complex formulae, small sample size and lack of validation across other populations. several new parameters have come up including the latest Bayesian meta-analysis, enumeration of peripheral blood T-regulatory cells, and updated computed tomography based predictive score. However, therapeutic anti-tubercular therapy(ATT) trial, and subsequent clinical and endoscopic response to ATT is still required in a significant proportion of patients to establish the diagnosis. Therapeutic ATT trial is associated with a delay in the diagnosis of CD, and there is a need for better modalities for improved differentiation and reduction in the need for ATT trial.

关键词： Crohn's disease Intestinal tuberculosis Endoscopy Computed tomographic enterography Granuloma

JJo, a Recombinant Dimer of Conformationally Restricted Peptide Elicits Protective Response against Group A streptococcus (GAs) Isolates from a GAs-Endemic Region

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World Journal of Vaccines 2011年第4期1卷 131-137页

作者： raju sunagar Vidiya Ramachandran Melina Georgousakis Kadaba s. sriprakash Melkote s. shaila 不详

A peptide (J14) containing conformationally restricted epitopes from the M protein of group A streptococcus (GAs) is capable of eliciting protective immune response against GAs infection. However, the protective response may be lost possibly due to its weak secondary-structure when the antigen is fused with other antigens in a recombinant polyepitope vaccine construct. We previously showed that JJo, a conformationally stabilized derivative of dimeric J14, overcomes this problem. We now show that anti JJo antibodies react with diverse GAs isolates found in the Indian sub-continent and that these antibodies are opsonic for GAs. The GAs strains used in this study were isolated from throat and skin swabs from Mumbai, Chennai and Vellore. sera from mice immunized with recombinant JJo peptide were tested by ELIsA, immunofluorescence, flow-cytometry, indirect bactericidal assay and mouse challenge assays to determine specific immunogenicity, opsonic functions and protection against an Indian isolate. We propose that JJo is a robust antigen suitable for inclusion in recombinant multi-epitope vaccines which are potentially affordable option for the pediatric population of developing countries.

关键词： streptococcus Pyogenes Vaccine Development Rheumatic Fever

susceptibility of microorganism to selected medicinal plants in Bangladesh

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第11期4卷 911-917页

作者： s.M.Masud Rana Md.Mustahsan Billah Mohammad salim Hossain A.K.M.saifuddin s.K.M.Azizul Islam sujan Banik Zannatul Nairn Golam sarwar raju Department of Pharmacy Noakhali Science and Technology UniversitySonapurNoakhali-3814Bangladesh Department of Physiology Biochemistry and PharmacologyChittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityChittagongBangladesh Department of Pharmacy Atish Dipankar University of Science and TechnologyBananiDhakaBangladesh

Objective:To analyze in-vitro antimicrobial activities of some ethno-pharmacologically significant medicinal plants(methanol extract) against the pathogenic microorganisms(Escherichia coli,salmonella spp..Bacillus *** *** niger and Candida albicans).Methods:The disc diffusion method was applied for antibacterial test and the poisoned food technique was applied for antifungal ***:The methanol extract of Terminalia chebula(bark),Fhyllanthus acidus(fruits).sarcochlamys pulcherrima(leaves) and Abelmoschus esculcntus(fruits) had significant in vitro antibacterial activity angainst the entire test samples in comparison to standard drug *** of the plant extracts showed low activity against Gram negative bacteria while potential activity against Gram positive *** antifungal activities of methanol extracts of these plants and standard drug griseofulvin were determined against two pathogenicfungi,and Polygonum Iapathifolium(leaves) and Cinnamomum tamala(leaves) showed maximum activity,while Erioglossum rubiginosum(leaves) showed no antifungal ***:Further chemical and pharmacological investigations are required to identify and isolate chemical constituents responsible for these potential bioactivities and thus to determine their full spectrum of efficacy.

关键词： susceptibility Zone of inhibition Percentage of inhibition Antibacterial activity Antifungal activity

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一种新的遥感影象快速分类器

干旱区地理 1993年第4期16卷 100-104页

作者： N.B.Venkateswarlu P.s.V.s.K.raju 艾东

1 引言在遥感影象数据分析中,最重要的任务之一就是把影象数据分成不同的地物类型,如土壤、水体和岩石等。在与政策有关的情况下,可能还需要诸如淹没面积,某种作物面积或海岸线长度这样一些准确的定量信息。这种准确的定量信息只有通过... 详细信息

1 引言在遥感影象数据分析中,最重要的任务之一就是把影象数据分成不同的地物类型,如土壤、水体和岩石等。在与政策有关的情况下,可能还需要诸如淹没面积,某种作物面积或海岸线长度这样一些准确的定量信息。这种准确的定量信息只有通过使用模式识别(PR)法则才能获得(Tou和Gonzales 1974)。实际上,影象分类是在纯场地和纯象元基础两种情况下实现的。纯场地分类,是将一个小的均一地区(一组彼此相邻的象元)看作所有象元均具有某种状况来进行分类。

关键词：遥感影象数据分类器