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Mechanisms of action of leptin in preventing gastric ulcer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第27期11卷 4154-4160页

作者： Edward O.Adeyemi salim A.Bastaki Irwin s.Chandranath Mohammed Y.Hasan Mohammed Fahim Abdu Adem Department of Internal Medicine Department of Pharmacology Department of Physiology

To investigate the effects of leptin （1-20μg/kg） on acidified ethanol （AE）- and indomethacin （Indo）-induced gastric lesions in rats and compare it with ranitidine, lansoprazole, and omeprazole and to determine its mechanisms of ***： Gastric ulcers, which were approximately 1 mm in width, formed in the glandular portion of the gastric mucosa produced by oral administration of either AE or Indo were taken as ulcer index. The inhibitory effect of subcutaneous administration of leptin, two proton pump inhibitors （PPIs） lansoprazole and omeprazole, or H2-receptor antagonist ranitidine 30 min before AE or Indo was evaluated.A radioimmunoassay was used to determine the PGE2 concentration in the homogenate of the glandular portion of the stomach. We performed histological study of the glandular stomach for the evaluation of total, acidic, and sulfated mucus ***： subcutaneous administration of leptin, two PPI slansoprazole and omeprazole or H2-receptor antagonist ranitidine 30 min before AE or Indo produced a dosedependent and reproducible inhibition of gastric ulcers （gus）. This inhibition was found to be more potent than other antagonists used. In N^G-nitro L-arginine methyl ester （L-NAME）-pretreated animals, the ulcer prevention ability of leptin in AE-induced ulcer was significantly reduced,compared to rats without L-NAME pretreatment. However,the ulcer prevention ability of leptin was not altered by L-NAME treatment in Indo-induced ulcers. Leptin produced a dose-dependent increase in PGE2 level in the gastric glandular tissues. Leptin also increased mucus ***： The results of the present study show that leptin inhibits GU formation by AE or Indo in a dosedependent and reproducible manner in rats. The results also suggest that leptin prevents ulcer formation by increasing the activities of the cyclo-oxygenase and/or nitric oxide pathways and by increasing mucus secretion.

关键词： Indomethacin Acidified ethanol Gastric ulcer Prostaglandin Ranitidine Omeprazole Lansoprazole l^-nitro L-arginine methyl ester Wistar rats

Temperature changes in the root ecosystem affect plant functionality

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Plant Communications 2023年第3期4卷 197-214页

作者： Mary Paz González-García Carlos M.Conesa Alberto Lozano-Enguita Victoria Baca-González Bárbara simancas sara Navarro-Neila María sánchez-Bermúdez Isai salas-González Elena Caro Gabriel Castrillo Juan C.del Pozo Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas(UPM-INIA/CsIC) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agrariay Alimentaria-CSIC(INIA/CSIC)Campus Montegancedo28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón(Madrid)Spain Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería AgronómicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)28040 MadridSpain Undergraduate Program in Genomic sciences Center for Genomics SciencesUniversidad Nacional Autonóma de MéxicoAv.Universidad s/n.Col.ChamilpaCuernavaca 62210MorelosMéxico Future Food Beacon of Excellence&school of Biosciences University of NottinghamSutton BoningtonUK

Climate change is increasing the frequency of extreme heat events that aggravate its negative impact on plant development and agricultural *** experiments designed to study plant adaption to heat stress apply homogeneous high temperatures to both shoot and ***,this treatment does not mimic the conditions in natural fields,where roots grow in a dark environment with a descending temperature *** high temperatures severely decrease cell division in the root meristem,compromising root growth,while increasing the division of quiescent center cells,likely in an attempt to maintain the stem cell niche under such harsh ***,we engineered the TGRooZ,a device that generates a temperature gradient for in vitro or greenhouse growth *** root systems of plants exposed to high shoot temperatures but cultivated in theTGRooZ grow efficiently and maintain their functionality to sustain proper shoot growth and ***,gene expression and rhizosphere or root microbiomecomposition are significantly less affected in TGRooZ-grown roots than in high-temperature-grown roots,correlating with higher root *** data indicate that use of the TGRooZ in heat-stress studies can improve our knowledge of plant response to high temperatures,demonstrating its applicability from laboratory studies to the field.

关键词： heat stress root temperature gradient nutrition gene expression microbiome

水稻叶片特异性不表达启动子pOsMTG3的克隆与表达分析

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杂交水稻 2016年第1期31卷 45-50页

作者：余艳 Pedro s.C.F.Rocha 任冲徐国云王曼玲崔延春夏新界中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室湖南长沙410125 中国科学院大学北京100049

利用水稻基因芯片筛选到1个在水稻孕穗期和抽穗期穗中的相对表达量明显高于苗期、孕穗期和抽穗期叶片中相对表达量的基因Os MTG3,该基因在孕穗期穗中受低温、干旱诱导上调表达,而在抽穗期穗中受低温诱导下调表达。把该基因ATG密码子上游... 详细信息

利用水稻基因芯片筛选到1个在水稻孕穗期和抽穗期穗中的相对表达量明显高于苗期、孕穗期和抽穗期叶片中相对表达量的基因Os MTG3,该基因在孕穗期穗中受低温、干旱诱导上调表达,而在抽穗期穗中受低温诱导下调表达。把该基因ATG密码子上游1.8kb左右的DNA片段预测为启动子区,并将其命名为p Os MTG3。用PCR技术克隆该启动子,并以gus基因作为报告基因,在水稻中分析了该启动子在不同时期不同组织中的表达特性。gus组织化学染色分析表明:p Os MTG3启动子能启动gus基因在水稻根、芽、茎、穗中表达,而不能启动gus基因在叶片中表达,是一个全新的叶片特异性不表达的启动子。

关键词：水稻启动子 pOsMTG3 基因表达

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Increased branching independent of strigolactone in cytokinin oxidase 2-overexpressing tomato is mediated by reduced auxin transport

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Molecular Horticulture 2022年第1期2卷 153-171页

作者： Lilian Ellen Pino Joni E.Lima Mateus H.Vicente Ariadne F.L.de sá Francisco Pérez-Alfocea Alfonso Albacete Juliana L.Costa TomášWerner Thomas schmülling Luciano Freschi Antonio Figueira Agustin Zsögön Lázaro E.P.Peres Laboratory of Plant Breeding Centro de Energia Nuclear na AgriculturaUniversity of Sao PauloSão PauloBrazil Laboratory of Hormonal Control of Plant Development Department of Biological SciencesEscola Superior de Agricultura‘Luiz de Queiroz’University of Sao PauloPiracicabaBrazil Botany Department ICBFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil Department of Plant Nutrition CEBAS-CSICCampus Univ.EspinardoMurciaSpain Institute of Biology/Applied Genetics Freie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany Institute of Biology University of GrazSchubertstraße 518010 GrazAustria Biosciences Institute University of Sao PauloSão PauloBrazil Plant sciences Department Federal University of ViçosaViçosaBrazil

Tomato production is influenced by shoot branching,which is controlled by different *** we produced tomato plants overexpressing the cytokinin-deactivating gene CYTOKININ OXYDAsE 2(CKX2).CKX2-overexpressing(CKX2-OE)plants showed an excessive growth of axillary shoots,the opposite phenotype expected for plants with reduced cytokinin content,as evidenced by LC-Ms analysis and ARR5-gus *** TCP transcription factor slBRC1b was downregulated in the axillary buds of CKX2-OE and its excessive branching was dependent on a functional version of the GRAs-family gene LATERAL sUPPREssOR(Ls).Grafting experiments indicated that increased branching in CKX2-OE plants is unlikely to be mediated by root-derived *** CKX2-OE plants with transgenic antisense plants for the strigolactone biosynthesis gene CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENAsE(CCD7-As)produced an additive phenotype,indicating independent effects of cytokinin and strigolactones on increased *** the other hand,CKX2-OE plants showed reduced polar auxin transport and their bud outgrowth was reduced when combined with auxin ***,CKX2-OE basal buds did not respond to auxin applied in the decapitated *** results suggest that tomato shoot branching depends on a fine-tuning of different hormonal balances and that perturbations in the auxin status could compensate for the reduced cytokinin levels in CKX2-OE plants.

关键词： CKX2 Hormones Plant development solanum

Broad Hormonal Responses Induced by Aluminum in Roots of Dwarf Transgenics of solanum lycopersicum L. cv “Micro-Tom”

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American Journal of Plant sciences 2024年第5期15卷 349-358页

作者： Arthur B. Rates Daniela Boanares Daniele s. G. Pianetti Felipe Della-Torre Joni E. Lima Marcel G. C. França Department of Botany and Plant Physiology Laboratory Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil

The spatial pattern distribution of plant hormones in response to aluminum (Al) toxicity in roots remains to be shown. This study was performed to assess the root hormonal accumulation and gene expression in response to Al toxicity in five transgenic miniature dwarf tomatoes cv. Micro-Tom (MT). MT and MT transgenics to acid indole acetic, cytokinin, gibberellin, abscisic acid and ethylene were cultivated in nutrient solutions containing different Al concentrations. Root growth elongation was measured and cellular damage was visualized by staining Evans’s blue. The gus reporter gene staining technique was used to visualize hormonal changes in MT apex root tissues. Data indicated that the MT is sensitive to Al that induced significant growth inhibition and cellular damage. Al concentration of 27 μM was significantly toxic, inducing root apex darkening and inhibition of root development. The qualitative evaluation of gus reporter gene expression showed intense crosstalk among all hormones studied, underscoring the complexity of signaling induced by Al in apex roots. Results point out to a major understanding of the hormonal signaling in response to Al toxicity, which may induce a change of root growth and architecture with growth inhibition and cell constraints modulated by all different hormones evaluated.

关键词： Gene Reporter Metal Plant Hormones Root staining

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外源基因在转基因禾谷类作物中的表达

生物技术通报 1996年第1期12卷 7-10页

作者： David McElroy Richard I.s.Brettell 曾庆平

最近由于转化技术的长足进步,已在越来越多的禾谷类作物中培育出转基因植株。为了借助基因工程改良禾谷类作物的品质及其它农艺性状,目前的重点已开始放在那些能调控外源基因在转基因禾谷类作物中表达的分子元件的鉴定上。禾谷类作物... 详细信息

最近由于转化技术的长足进步,已在越来越多的禾谷类作物中培育出转基因植株。为了借助基因工程改良禾谷类作物的品质及其它农艺性状,目前的重点已开始放在那些能调控外源基因在转基因禾谷类作物中表达的分子元件的鉴定上。禾谷类作物包括一大群具有经济价值的植物种,如果引入一些控制优良品质及其它农艺性状如抗病性和抗逆性的外源基因,并让其表达,那么这些作物对人类的价值会更高。然而。

关键词：禾谷类作物转基因植物植物启动子外源基因 gus报告基因双子叶植物基因表达单子叶植物转基因植株组成型

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毛白杨PtoMYB171基因启动子的克隆和激素响应模式分析

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分子植物育种 2024年

作者：唐霞杨丰铭陈邦兰崔文丽汪丽君 Venera s.Kamburova 姚银安高永峰西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院乌兹别克斯坦共和国科学院基因组学和生物信息学中心

为了探究毛白杨PtoMYB171基因对不同植物激素的响应模式，本研究从野生型毛白杨中通过PCR技术克隆了该基因的启动子序列；通过在线工具(PlantCARE)分析了该启动子上存在的顺式作用元件，并对其不同组织和响应不同植物激素的表达模式进... 详细信息

为了探究毛白杨PtoMYB171基因对不同植物激素的响应模式，本研究从野生型毛白杨中通过PCR技术克隆了该基因的启动子序列；通过在线工具(PlantCARE)分析了该启动子上存在的顺式作用元件，并对其不同组织和响应不同植物激素的表达模式进行了定量分析，还利用不同激素处理转基因毛白杨植株(PtoMYB171Pro::gus)并进行gus组织化学染色，分析其启动子活性。结果表明，PtoMYB171启动子序列全长为2 030 bp，该启动子含有大量的光响应元件，还含有多种植物激素响应元件，包括水杨酸(sA)、茉莉酸(MeJA)、脱落酸(ABA)和赤霉素(GA)响应元件等。组织表达模式结果显示，PtoMYB171基因主要在毛白杨的根中表达，在腋芽、茎和叶柄中中度表达，而在成熟叶中的表达最低；gus组织化学染色结果发现该启动子的活性随着腋芽的发育和生长而逐渐增强。不同激素处理后的响应模式分析显示，PtoMYB171启动子的活性显著受到植物激素sA、MeJA和ABA的诱导，但受到GA的抑制。PtoMYB171启动子是一个受到多种植物激素诱导的诱导型启动子且该启动子兼具有伴随腋芽发育的驱动活性。研究结果为深入阐明PtoMYB171基因调控毛白杨激素响应和腋芽发育的分子机制提供了理论依据。

关键词：毛白杨 PtoMYB171启动子组织表达模式激素响应 gus组织化学染色

Transient gus and GFP Expression in spanish Red Cedar(Cedrela odorata L.)somatic *** of Bombardment Conditions and Evaluation of selective Agent Lethal Dose

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Open Journal of Forestry 2012年第2期2卷 54-58页

作者： Yuri J.Pena-Ramírez Max M.Apolinar-Hernández Oscar A.Gomez-y-Gomez Luisa A.Lopez-Ochoa Aileen O’Connor-sánchez Instituto Tecnologico superior de Acayucan AcayucanMexico Centro de Investigacion Científica de Yucatán MéridaMexico

Cedrela odorata is a tropical tree widely appreciated for its wood. Commercial plantations are frequently hampered by the attack of the meliacea borer, Hypsipyla grandella, and the lack of resistant varieties. C. odorata traditional breeding would consume very long periods of time, thus direct transfer of entomotoxic coding genes to generate resistant varieties is a promising alternative. There are two prerequisites for gene manipulation of this species: 1) to set the conditions for transgene delivery and 2) to have a way to select regenerating transformed plants. In this paper, we report the optimal biolistics conditions for transient expression of uidA and gfp reporter genes in C. odorata somatic embryos and the selective doses for kanamycin, spectinomycin, phosphinotrycin and hygromycin to screen transformed cells.

关键词： Biolistics Genetic Transformation Tree Genetic Modification Tropical Wood

AtRAN1 is involved in endosperm development through its imprinting effect

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AtRAN1 is involved in endosperm development through its impr...