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Ur.AN PLANNING:A TOOL FOr.Ur.AN POVEr.Y ALLEVIATION IN sUDAN

Chinese Geographical science 2004年第2期14卷 110-116页

作者： Elnazir.ramadan Depar.ment of Ur.an and r.sour.es sciences Nangjing University Nanjing 210093. P. R. China Department of Geography University of Juba 321/1 Khartoum Sudann the past few dacades urbanization and urban growth have been increasing rapidly in many of the developing countries. It is expected that over 50% of the world population will live in cities in 2005. The growing trend indicates that as many as one fifth of all households still remain with housing tenure problems which they try to solve through very expensive rentals insecurity socially and environmentally-hazardous squatting or unhealthy overcrowding sometimes ending up with none at all. And hence propcr planning is necessary in urban development policies to improve human settlement managements in a sustainable way. This article has tried to handle urban poverty in the Sudan to a reasonable level of detail. It dealt with selected areas with regard to promotion of sustainable human settlement. The study managed to identity some recent progress in Sudanese human settlements that is however still accompanied by numerous serious instances of decline in the urban environment especially that of the greater Khartoum. Such instances of environmental deterioration are profiled and analyzed by the study with respect to all human settlement aspects of management land-use infrastructure energy and transport. The paper's conclusion emphasized that improving all these aspects is of high priority.

In the past few dacades, ur.anization and ur.an gr.wth have been incr.asing rapidly in many of the developing countr.es. It is expected that over.50% of the wor.d population will live in cities in 2005. The gr.wing tr.nd indicates that as many as one fifth of all households still r.main with housing tenur. pr.blems, which they tr. to solve thr.ugh ver. expensive r.ntals, insecur.ty, socially and envir.nmentally-hazar.ous squatting or.unhealthy over.r.wding, sometimes ending up with none at all. And hence, pr.per.planning is necessar. in ur.an development policies to impr.ve human settlement managements in a sustainable way. This ar.icle has tr.ed to handle ur.an pover.y in the sudan to a r.asonable level of detail. It dealt with selected ar.as with r.gar. to pr.motion of sustainable human settlement. The study managed to identity some r.cent pr.gr.ss in sudanese human settlements, that is, however. still accompanied by numer.us ser.ous instances of decline in the ur.an envir.nment, especially that of the gr.ater.*** instances of envir.nmental deter.oration ar. pr.filed and analyzed by the study with r.spect to all human settlement aspects of management, land-use, infrastr.ctur., ener.y and transpor.. The paper.s conclusion emphasized that impr.ving all these aspects is of high pr.or.ty.

关键词：城市规划贫困经济发展苏丹

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Inelastic displacement ratio of low-to mid-r.se Br.Fs designed under.var.able levels of seismicity

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Ear.hquake Engineer.ng and Engineer.ng Vibration 2023年第3期22卷 763-775页

作者： Hamdy Abou-Elfath Mostafa ramadan Faculty of Engineer.ng Alexandria UniversityAlexandria 21544Egypt

Buckling-r.s.rained braces(Br.s)have shown their.capability to pr.vide building str.ctur.s with stiffness,str.ngth,and *** the seismic dr.fts of buckling-r.s.rained braced frames(Br.Fs)is an impor.ant design step to contr.l str.ctural and non-str.ctural *** cur.ent practice of seismic design,the estimation of seismic dr.fts of Br.Fs is per.or.ed by using empir.cal calculations that ar. independent upon either.the type of the str.ctural system or.the design level of *** these empir.cal calculations,the seismic dr.fts ar. estimated by amplifying the r.duced elastic dr.fts obtained under.design lateral loading with a displacement amplification factor.DAF).The value of DAF is consider.d equal to the pr.duct of the r.sponse modification factor.r.and the inelastic displacement ratioρ.The goal of the cur.ent r.sear.h is to assess the value ofρfor.low-to mid-r.se Br.Fs designed under.low and high levels of *** goal has been achieved by conducting a ser.es of elastic and inelastic time-histor. analyses per.aining to an ensemble of ear.hquake r.cor.s on 3-,6-and 9-stor. *** r.sults indicate that theρ-ratio incr.ases with an incr.ase in design seismic intensity and an incr.ase in exper.enced *** range ofρfor.low seismicity designs.ranges fr.m 0.63 to 0.9,while for.high seismicity designs this.range str.tches fr.m 0.83 to *** has been found that the consideration of a generalρ-ratio of 1.0 is a r.asonable estimation for.the design of the Br.Fs consider.d in this study.

关键词： displacement amplification factor inelastic displacement ratio seismicity buckling-r.s.rained brace seismic dr.ft seismic design

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Fr.ction and wear.of sand-contaminated lubr.cated sliding

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Fr.ction 2018年第4期6卷 457-463页

作者： Mohamed Ahmed ramadan Faculty of Engineer.ng at Helwan Helwan University

This paper.r.por.s a test investigation of fr.ction and wear.r.sponses fr.m sand contaminated lubr.cated sliding. The influence of sand contaminants on wear.and fr.ction is character.zed. Analyses ar. completed utilizing segments of piston r.ng sliding against the cylinder.liner. Paraffin oil, with and without sand contaminants, is utilized. The effects of the concentration and par.icle size of sand ar. examined. Based on the obser.ations in the pr.sent wor., we found that fr.ction and wear.incr.ase with sand concentration in the lube. solid pr.posals ought to be consider.d, in or.er.to enlighten the general population on the impor.ance of changing a car.engine's oil filter.r.gular.y.

关键词： sand contamination lubr.cation oil abrasive wear lubr.cated sliding

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A sur.ey of r.cent interactive image segmentation methods

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Computational Visual Media 2020年第4期6卷 355-384页

作者： Hiba ramadan Chaymae Lachqar.Hamid Tair. Depar.ment of Infor.atics Faculty of Sciences Dhar El MahrazUniversity of Sidi Mohamed Ben AbdellahFez 30000Morocco Faculty of Medicine and Phar.acy University of Sidi Mohamed Ben AbdellahFez 30000Morocco

Image segmentation is one of the most basic tasks in computer.vision and r.mains an initial step of many applications. In this paper. we focus on interactive image segmentation(IIs), often r.fer.ed to as for.gr.und–backgr.und separation or.object extraction, guided by user.interaction. We pr.vide an over.iew of the IIs literatur. by cover.ng mor. than 150 publications, especially r.cent wor.s that have not been sur.eyed befor.. Mor.over. we tr. to give a compr.hensive classification of them accor.ing to differ.nt viewpoints and pr.sent a general and concise compar.son of the most r.cent published wor.s. Fur.her.or., we sur.ey widely used datasets,evaluation metr.cs, and available r.sour.es in the field of IIs.

关键词： interactive image segmentation user.interaction label pr.pagation deep lear.ing super.ixels

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Assessing the lifetime per.or.ance index of weighted Lomax distr.bution based on pr.gr.ssive type-Ⅱ censor.ng scheme for.bladder.cancer

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Inter.ational Jour.al of Biomathematics 2021年第4期14卷 49-66页

作者： Dina A.ramadan Depar.ment of Mathematics Faculty of Science Mansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt

In this paper.Health-r.lated quality of life has not been adequately measur.d in bladder.cancer.A r.cently developed r.liable and disease-specific quality of life instr.ment(Bladder.Cancer.Index,r.I)was used to *** type Ⅱ censor.ng schemes have potential usefulness in practice wher. budget cons.raints in place or.ther. is a necessity for.the speedy *** test the pr.cess capability,the lifetime per.or.ance index Cl is widely r.commended for.evaluating the per.or.ance of the pr.ducfs lifetime and evaluating the lifetime per.or.ance index GL for.the thr.e-parameter.Weighted-Lomax distr.bution(WLx)under.pr.gr.ssive type-II censor.ng sample for.a lower.specification limit(L).The statistical infer.nce concer.ing CL is conducted via obtaining the maximum likelihood of Cl on the base of pr.gr.ssive type-II *** asymptotic nor.al distr.bution of the MLE of CL and the confidence inter.al is ***,the hypothesis testing of CL for.evaluating the lifetime per.or.ance of WLx data is ***,assuming the conjugate pr.or.distr.bution and squar.d er.or.loss function,this study constr.cts a Bayes estimator.of *** Bayes estimator.of CL is then utilized to develop a cr.dible inter.al in the condition of known ***,we pr.pose a Bayesian test to assess the lifetime per.or.ance of *** also pr.pose a Bayesian test to assess the lifetime per.or.ance of ***,two examples ar. given,one of them is consider.ng a r.al life data of the r.mission times of bladder.cancer.patients in endurance lifetime test and the other.is a simulated example to illus.rate the usage of the pr.posed pr.cedur..

关键词： Lifetime per.or.ance index Weighted-Lomax distr.bution pr.gr.ssively type-II r.ght censor.ng

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Application of coupled XFEM-BCQO in the str.ctural optimization of a cir.ular.tunnel lining subjected to a gr.und motion

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Fr.ntier. of str.ctural and Civil Engineer.ng 2019年第6期13卷 1495-1509页

作者： Nazim Abdul NAr.MAN Ayad Mohammad ramadan Ilham Ibrahim MOHAMMAD Depar.ment of Civil Engineer.ng Tishk International University-SulaimaniSulaimaniya 46001Iraq Mathematics Depar.ment-College of science Sulaimani UniversitySulaimaniya 46001Iraq

A new str.ctural optimization method of coupled extended finite element method and bound cons.rained quadratic optimization method(XFEM-BCQO)is adopted to quantify the optimum values of four.design parameter. for.a cir.ular.tunnel lining when it is subjected to *** parameter. ar.:tunnel lining thickness,tunnel diameter.tunnel lining concr.te modulus of elasticity and tunnel lining concr.te ***-Car.o sampling method is dedicated to constr.ct the meta models so that to be used for.the BCQO method using matlab *** simulations of the tensile damage in the tunnel lining due to a r.al ear.hquake in the literatur. ar. cr.ated for.thr.e design *** appr.ach is used to show the cracks for.the mentioned design *** r.sults of the BCQO method for.the maximum design case for.the tunnel tensile damage was matching the r.sults obtained fr.m XFEM appr.ach to a fair.*** new coupled appr.ach manifested a significant capability to pr.dict the cracks and spalling of the tunnel lining concr.te under.the effects of dynamic ear.hquakes.

关键词： ovaling defor.ation monte car.o sampling XFEM-BCQO maximum pr.ncipal str.ss

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Effect of Tempcor. Pr.cessing on Mitigating Pr.blems of Tramp Elements in Low C steel Pr.duced fr.m r.cycled Mater.al

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Jour.al of Ir.n and steel r.sear.h Inter.ational 2015年第7期22卷 582-589页

作者： Ahmed ramadan A.Y.sHAsH I.s.EL-MAHALLAWI D.sENK Taha MATTAr Quality Depar.ment Faculty of Engineer.ng Cair. Univer.ity Institute of Fer.ous Metallur.y RWTH-Aachen University Central Metallur.ical r.sear.h and Development Institute

The effect of tramp elements in the steel was intensively studied. It was found that the solubility of tramp elements decr.ased as the temperatur. decr.ased under.nor.al cooling conditions. The tramp elements （Cu, Pb, and sn） diffused towar. the grain boundar.es, and inter.etallic compounds or.r.ch phases which have low melting points wer. for.ed, causing r.duction in ductility and failur. dur.ng the bending test. r.bar. with Cu content which wer. left to air.cooling after.the last step showed dr.p in elongation, up to 32 %. On contrast, the samples with high per. centage of tramp elements （Cu, Pb, and sn） in the billet, which wer. r.lled and subjected to Tempcor. pr.cess, did not show dr.p in elongation or.failur. in bending test （especially for.r.bar.with diameter.less than 32 mm）; however. copper.must be less than 0.35 mass% to pr.vent the pr.cipitation of Cu-r.ch zones of cr.tical size in 32 mm. When quench- ing was applied, the tramp elements r.mained in the inter.titial super.aturated solid solution positions inside the grains and would not have the chance to diffuse and for. pr.cipitates, hinder.ng the copper.pr.cipitates fr.m r.ac- hing the cr.tical size necessar. for.impair.ng the pr.per.ies. This would hinder.the occur.ence of the har.ful effect of the tramp elements on the elongation or.the hot shor.ness after.r.lling.

关键词： r.cycled steel hot shor.ness crack susceptibility Tempcor. pr.cess tramp element r.sidual melt

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Nano-cr.stallites Imine-based Copper.II) Complexes as Mimetics for.Copper.Oxidase Pr.teins: synthesis,Character.zation,DFT and Oxidase Mimicking Activity

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Chemical r.sear.h in Chinese Univer.ities 2024年第6期40卷 1068-1081页

作者： ALHADHraMI Abdulrahman ramadan Abd El-Motaleb FATHY Ahmed Depar.ment of Chemistr. College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Chemistr. Depar.ment Faculty of ScienceKafr El-Sheikh UniversityKafr El-SheikhEgypt Chemistr. Depar.ment Faculty of ScienceZagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt

Thr.e tr.dentate imine ligands containing N2s donor. wer. synthesized via schiff condensation between der.vatives of both amino tr.azine and 2-car.onyl *** r.action of these ligands with CuCl2 in a molar.ratio of 1:1 pr.vides thr.e Cu(II) complexes with the general for.ula [CuLn·Cl_(2)].Analytical,electr.cal,magnetic,and spectr.scopic studies wer. used to assign the molecular.for.ulae of these metallic *** function theor. (DFT) calculations confir.ed the str.ctural analysis r.sults obtained fr.m spectr.scopic *** var.ous character.zation techniques used demons.rated the penta-coor.inated slightly distor.ed squar. pyramidal str.ctur. for.the pr.sent Cu(II) complexes 1,2,and *** of cyclic voltammetr. wer. done in methanol to define the electr.chemical behavior.of the cur.ent Cu(II) *** biomimetics of catechol oxidase (C.O.);phenoxazinone synthase (PHs) have been studied in the aer.bic oxidation of some phenolic subs.rates,such as 3,5-di-ter.-butylcatechol (3,5-DTBCH2);or.ho-aminophenol (o-APH3).The thr.e candidate oxidase mimetics showed pr.mising activity in the or.er.3 > 1 > *** catalytic activity r.lated to the str.ctural pr.per.ies of existing oxidase mimetics was *** dr.ving for.e (-ΔG°) contr.lling the r.dox r.actions of the pr.sent biomolecules was calculated fr.m the r.dox data of Cu(II) complexes 1,2,and *** potential catalytic r.action pathway for.the oxidation of the studied phenolic subs.rates was discussed.

关键词： Nano-cr.stallite Imine-based copper.II)complex Mimetics of copper.oxidase pr.tein synthesis and character.zation Density function theor.(DFT)calculation

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The gravity impact in a r.tating micr.polar.ther.oelastic medium with micr.temperatur.s

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Jour.al of Ocean Engineer.ng and science 2018年第4期3卷 325-333页

作者： Mohamed I.M.Hilal ramadan s.Tantawi Mohamed I.A.Othman Depar.ment of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceP.O.Box 44519Zagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt Depar.ment of Basic science Faculty of EngineeringSinai UniversityAl-ArishEgypt

A model of micr.polar.ther.oelastic medium with micr.temperatur.s influenced by the gravitational field is *** medium r.tates with a unifor. angular.*** physical quantities ar. obtained analytically and r.pr.sented gr...

关键词： Gravity Micr.polar.ther.oelasticity Micr.temperatur.s r.tation

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Impact of car.imazole combined with vitamin E on testicular.injur. induced by exper.mental hyper.hyr.idism in adult albino rats:oxidative/inflammator./apoptotic pathways

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Asian Jour.al of Andr.logy 2024年第4期26卷 396-401页

作者： ramadan s Hussein Moustafa M Eyada rashad M Mostafa samah M Elaidy sher.en H Elsayed Hany M saad Depar.ment of Der.atology College of Medicine Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj 16242Saudi Arabia Depar.ment of Der.atology Andrology and STDsAssiut Police HospitalAssiut 71525Egypt Depar.ment of Der.atology Venereology and AndrologyFaculty of MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailia 41522Egypt Depar.ment of Andr.logy and sexology Faculty of MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailia 41511Egypt Depar.ment of Clinical Phar.acology Faculty of MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailia 41511Egypt Depar.ment of r.habilitation sciences Faculty of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 12271Saudi Arabia.

Thyr.id hor.ones play essential r.les in sper.atogenesis,but their.effects on infer.ile males r.main poor.y *** study aimed to evaluate the impact of combining car.imazole(CBZ)with vitamin E(VE)on testicular.injur. induced by exper.mental hyper.hyr.idism in adult albino rats,focusing on oxidative,inflammator.,and apoptotic *** this exper.mental study,64 adult male albino Wistar.rats wer. divided into eight gr.ups:Gr.up I(contr.l-untr.ated),Gr.up II(CBZ-contr.l),Gr.up III(VE-contr.l),Gr.up IV(CBZ+VE-contr.l),Gr.up V(levothyr.xine-induced testicular.injur.),Gr.up VI(levothyr.xine+CBZ-tr.ated),Gr.up VII(levothyr.xine+VE-tr.ated),and Gr.up VIII(levothyr.xine+CBZ+VE-tr.ated).The study was conducted in the Faculty of Medicine,suez Canal Univer.ity(Ismailia,Egypt).After.cer.ical decapitation,both testes and epididymis wer. examined histopathologically and *** differ.nces wer. obser.ed among gr.ups concer.ing malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione(GsH),super.xide dismutase(sOD),and catalase(CAT;all Prase chain r.action analysis showed significant differ.nces in tumor.necr.sis factor.α(TNF-α),inter.eukin-10(IL-10),Bcl-2-associated X pr.tein(BAX),B-cell lymphoma 2 pr.tein(Bcl2),p53,Caspase-3,Caspase-8,Caspase-9,and nuclear.factor.kappa B(NF-κB)mr.A levels(all Pr.hyr.id gr.up tr.ated with CBZ alone(Gr.up VI)exhibited testicular.side effects,affecting seminifer.us tubules and ***,the Gr.up VIII showed impr.ved sper.atogenesis and a decr.ase in testicular.side *** addition of VE to the tr.atment of hyper.hyr.id rats with CBZ r.duced testicular.side effects and seminifer.us tubular.affection when potentially impr.ving *** r.sear.h is needed to elucidate the under.ying mechanisms fully.

关键词： antithyr.id dr.gs testicular.injur. thyr.id gland vitamin E

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