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A micromechanical model for efective conductivity in granular electrode structures

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Acta Mechanica sinica 2013年第5期29卷 682-698页

作者： Julia ott Benjamin Vlker Yixiang Gan Robert M.Mc Meeking Marc Kamlah Institute of Applied Materials Karlsruhe Institute of Technology76131 Karlsruhe Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106 USA school of Civil Engineering The University of SydneyNSW 2006 Australia Materials Department University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106 USA school of Engineering University of AberdeenKing’s CollegeAberdeenAB24 3UE Scotland UK INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials Campus D22 66123 Saarbrücken Germany

Optimization of composition and microstructure is important to enhance performance of solid oxide fuel cells （sOFC） and lithium-ion batteries （LIB）. For this, the porous electrode structures of both sOFC and LIB are modeled as a binary mixture of electronic and ionic conducting particles to estimate effective transport properties. Particle packings of 10000 spherical, binary sized and randomly positioned particles are created numerically and densified considering the different manufacturing processes in sOFC and LIB： the sintering of sOFC electrodes is approximated geometrically, whereas the calendering process and volume change due to intercalation in LIB are modeled physically by a discrete el- ement approach. A combination of a tracking algorithm and a resistor network approach is developed to predict the con- nectivity and effective conductivity for the various densified structures. For sOFC, a systematic study of the influence of morphology on connectivity and conductivity is performed on a large number of assemblies with different compositions and particle size ratios between 1 and 10. In comparison to percolation theory, an enlarged percolation area is found, es- pecially for large size ratios. It is shown that in contrast to former studies the percolation threshold correlates to varying coordination numbers. The effective conductivity shows not only an increase with volume fraction as expected but also with size ratio. For LIB, a general increase of conductivity during the intercalation process was observed in correlation with increasing contact forces. The positive influence of cal- endering on the percolation threshold and the effective conductivity of carbon black is shown. The anisotropy caused by the calendering process does not influence the carbon black phase.

关键词： Granular electrode structures Effective conductivity - Percolation

smoking increases the risk of extraintestinal manifestations in Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第34期20卷 12269-12276页

作者： Claudia ott Angela Takses Florian Obermeier Elisabeth schnoy Martina Müller Department of Internal Medicine I University of Regensburg93042 RegensburgGermany

AIM:To demonstrate a high prevalence of extraintestinal manifestations(EIMs)in a prospective populationbased cohort of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)patients at first diagnosis as well as during the early course of the ***:EIMs are common in patients with *** on the frequency of EIMs have mostly been assessed in patients from tertiary centers;however,data about the prevalence of EIMs at first diagnosis as well as factors influencing their incidence during the early course of disease from prospective population-based cohorts are *** present data of patients of our population-based"Oberpfalz cohort"(Bavaria,Germany)from first diagnosis(up to 3 mo after first diagnosis)as well as during the early course of the *** risk factors were assessed by calculating the relative risk(RR)as well as using logistic regression ***:In total,data of 257 newly diagnosed patients with IBD were evaluated[161 Crohn’s disease(CD),96 ulcerative colitis(UC)].Median duration of follow-up was 50 mo after first *** 63.4%of all patients(n=163),an EIM was diagnosed at any point during the observation *** first diagnosis,patients with CD had a significantly increased risk of an EIM[n=69(42.9%)]compared with UC patients[n=21(21.9%);Psmoking increased the risk of CD patients developing an EIM during the early course of the disease,but notably not of UC patients(P=0.046;RR=1.96;95%CI:1.01-3.79).In addition,using logistic regression analysis,the need for IBD-related surgery and a young age at first diagnosis were identified as risk factors for the development of an EIM in CD *** association with EIMs was found for the factors sex,localization of the disease and positive family history of *** contrast,no key factors which increased the risk of development of an EIM could be identified in UC ***:We found a high prevalence of EIM in this cohort at first diagnosis and during th

关键词： Extraintestinal manifestations Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis smoking surgery Age at onset

A GmNINa-miR172c-NNC1 Regulatory Network Coordinates the Nodulation and Autoregulation of Nodulation Pathways in soybean

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Molecular Plant 2019年第9期12卷 1211-1226页

作者： Lixiang Wang Zhengxi sun Chao su Yongliang Wang Qiqi Yan Jiahuan Chen Thomas.ott Xia Li state Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityNo.1 Shizishan RoadHongshan DistrictWuhanHubei 430070P.R.China College of Biological science and Engineering Panzhihua UniversityNo.10 Airport RoadEastern DistrictPanzhihuaSichuanChina University of Freiburg.Faculty of Biology.University of Freiburg Schdnz丨estrasse 179104 Freiburg.Germany CIBss-Centre for Integrative Biological signalling studies University of Freiburg79104 FreiburgGermany

symbiotic root nodules are root lateral organs of plants in which nitrogen-fixing bacteria(rhizobia)convert atmospheric nitrogen to *** formation and number of nodules in legumes are precisely controlled by a rhizobia-induced signal cascade and host-controlled autoregulation of nodulation(AON).However,how these pathways are integrated and their underlying mechanisms are ***,we report that microRNA172c(miR172c)activates soybean(Glycine max)R hizobia-induced CLE1(GmRICI)and GmRIC2 by removing the transcriptional repression of these genes by Nodule Number Control 1(NNC1),leading to the activation of the AON ***1 interacts with GmNINa,the soybean ortholog of Lotus NODULE INCEPTION(NIN),and hampers its transcriptional activation o i G m RICI and ***,GmNINa acts as a transcriptional activator of ***,NNC1 can transcriptionally repress miR172c expression,adding a negative feedback loop into the NNC1 regulatory ***,GmNINa interacts with NNC1 and can relieve the NNC1-mediated repression of miR172c ***,the GmNINa-miR172c-NNC1 network is a master switch that coordinately regulates and optimizes NF and AON signaling,supporting the balance between nodulation and AON in soybean.

关键词： nodule number autoregulation of nodulation miR172c-NNC1 negative feedback loop nodule inception

Reduced Vector Helmholtz Wave Equation Analysis on the Wave-Number side

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2019年第9期11卷 161-172页

作者： Randy ott Retired Researcher Albuquerque NM USA

The resolvent helps solve a PDE defined on all of wave-number space, . Almost all electromagnetic scattering problems have been solved on the spatial side and use the spatial Green’s function approach. This work is motivated by solving an EM problem on the Fourier side in order to relate the resolvent and the Green’s function. Methods used include Matrix Theory, Fourier Transforms, and Green’s function. A closed form of the resolvent is derived for the electromagnetic Helmholtz reduced vector wave equation, with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The resolvent is then used to derive expressions for the solution of the EM wave equation and provide sobolev estimates for the solution.

关键词： Helmholtz em Vector Wave Equation Closed form of Resolvent sobolev Estimates for solution

Obeticholic acid for severe bile acid diarrhea with intestinal failure:A case report and review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第21期24卷 2320-2326页

作者： Christian Lodberg Hvas Peter ott Peter Paine simon Lal soren Peter Jorgensen Jens Frederik Dahlerup Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus C 8000Denmark Department of Gastroenterology Salford Royal NHS Foundation TrustSalfordManchester M6 8HDUnited Kingdom

Bile acid diarrhea results from excessive amounts of bile acids entering the colon due to hepatic overexcretion of bile acids or bile acid malabsorption in the terminal ileum. The main therapies include bile acid sequestrants, such as colestyramine and colesevelam, which may be given in combination with the opioid receptor agonist loperamide. some patients are refractory to conventional treatments. We report the use of the farnesoid X receptor agonist obeticholic acid in a patient with refractory bile acid diarrhea and subsequent intestinal failure. A 32-year-old woman with quiescent colonic Crohn's disease and a normal terminal ileum had been diagnosed with severe bile acid malabsorption and complained of watery diarrhea and fatigue. The diarrhea resulted in hypokalemia and sodium depletion that made her dependent on twice weekly intravenous fluid and electrolyte infusions. Conventional therapies with colestyramine, colesevelam, and loperamide had no effect. second-line antisecretory therapies with pantoprazole, liraglutide, and octreotide also failed. Third-line treatment with obeticholic acid reduced the number of stools from an average of 13 to an average of 7 per 24h and improved the patient's quality of life. The fluid and electrolyte balances normalized. The effect was sustained during follow-up for 6 mo with treatment at a daily dosage of 25 mg. The diarrhea worsened shortly after cessation of obeticholic acid. This case report supports the initial report that obeticholic acid may reduce bile acid production and improve symptoms in patients with bile acid diarrhea.

关键词： Bile acid malabsorption Diarrhea Farnesoid X-activated receptor Crohn’s disease

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扩张型心肌病心肌中脂肪酸含量的研究

中华心血管病杂志 1998年第1期26卷 12-14页

作者：朱宁 WilliamE.Connor GaryY.ott 大连医科大学附属第二医院心内科美国俄勒冈健康科学大学内科

目的为了解扩张型心肌病心肌的生化改变，分析了心肌组织中脂肪酸的成分与含量。方法从心脏移植或意外死亡时取下的新鲜心脏左室前壁中取心肌组织。标本共分三组：扩张型心肌病１０例，冠心病１０例，正常对照１０例。用薄层色谱法分离... 详细信息

目的为了解扩张型心肌病心肌的生化改变，分析了心肌组织中脂肪酸的成分与含量。方法从心脏移植或意外死亡时取下的新鲜心脏左室前壁中取心肌组织。标本共分三组：扩张型心肌病１０例，冠心病１０例，正常对照１０例。用薄层色谱法分离出心肌脂质提取液中磷脂及甘油三酯部分，经毛细管柱气相色谱分析得到各种脂肪酸的相对含量。结果扩张型心肌病组的心肌磷脂中亚油酸与正常对照组比较明显缺乏，为１８．３±０．９％比２５．３±３．０％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；冠心病组的亚油酸含量高于心肌病组但低于正常组。甘油三酯中各脂肪酸含量三组间差异无显著性。结论心肌收缩功能中起重要作用的前列腺素是由亚油酸为前体的花生四烯酸合成的，因此心肌病人亚油酸缺乏，可能影响前列腺素的合成，从而造成收缩功能降低。增加心肌病病人饮食中的亚油酸含量，则有可能对扩张型心肌病的预后产生一定的影响。

关键词：扩张型心肌病心肌脂肪酸

Preparation and Bioactivity Evaluation of Low Molecular Weight Polysaccharides and Oligosaccharides from PEI Furcellaria lumbricalis

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Preparation and Bioactivity Evaluation of Low Molecular Weig...

Water Distribution in the Perspectives of stakeholders and Water Users in the Tarim River Catchment, Xinjiang, China

中国资源生物技术与糖工程学术研讨会

作者： Christa Tiller Gabrielle Girouard stephen ewart Colin Barrow Ocean Nutrition CanadaLid Halifax Nova ScotiaB3J IS5Canada Ocean Nutrition CanadaLid Halifax Nova ScotiaB3J IS5Canada Ocean Nutrition CanadaLid Halifax Nova ScotiaB3J IS5Canada Ocean Nutrition CanadaLid Halifax Nova ScotiaB3J IS5Canada

＜正＞The red alga, Furcellaria lumbricalis from coast of Princess Edward Island （PEI） in Atlantic Canada, was extracted with hot water and then separated by 0.2 mol/L KC1 into two types of polysaccharides （KCA and LCA）. The polysaccharide of KCA is a hybrid polymer and mainly consisted of 3,6-anhydrogalactose and sulfated galactose derivates, while LCA mainly consists of 4-sulfo-galactose and 2-sulfo-3,6-anhydrogalactose based on IR and monosaccharide composition analysis. The purified polysaccharides were depolymerized by mild inorganic acid, and separated on superdex30 and BioGel-P6 columns. Twenty-five low molecular weight polysaccharide or oligosaccharides fractions were obtained, and their molecular mass was determined by HPGPC. The two polysaccharides *** low molecular weight analogs or oligosaccharides were screened through a number of in vitro bioassays for antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihypertension, anticoagulation/antithrombotic, anti inflammation, anti-Alzheimer’s disease, and the immune stimulation activities. No significant activities were found in the limited assays we used for screening, however, some polysaccharides and oligosaccharides showed considerable -effects in immune stimulation and anticoagulation/antithrombotic assays. A focused in vitro assaying and animal tests are required to further evaluate the potential value of commercialization in these applications.

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2014年第6期6卷 543-555页

作者： Haiyan Peng Niels Thevs Konrad ott Department of Philosophy Christian-Albrecht-University Kiel Kiel Germany Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology University of Greifswald Greifswald Germany

Many river basins in the arid and semi-arid parts of the world are experiencing water scarcity due to water consumption by agriculture resulting in conflicts between upstream and downstream, conflicts between water users, and degradation of the natural ecosystems. The Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, China, has developed into the world’s most important cotton production region with 8.85% of the world’s production. Under the extremely arid climate with annual precipitation of below 100 mm, the water consumption due to irrigation resulted in water scarcity and conflicts between water users as well as between upstream and downstream. The Tarim river catchment harbors about half of the world’s Populus euphratica riparian forests, which are impacted by water shortage. starting in the 1990s, a unified water management system with a quota system for water distribution has been set up. We introduce this unified water management system and analyze how the water distribution works in practice. Ecologists and forestry officials claim more water for environmental flow, whereas water management officials give priority to agricultural, industrial, and domestic water use. The water quotas for downstream regions are frequently not fulfilled, especially during the non-flood season in spring and early summer posing a risk to water users. Water users with financial and political advantages gain more water security than others. The water quotas are annual quotas. These quotas should be differentiated into seasonal quotas, in order to enhance water security for the downstream section of the Tarim all year round.

关键词： Water Resource Management Central Asia Water scarcity Land Use Cotton Environmental Flow

Vitamin D deficiency in cirrhosis relates to liver dysfunction rather than aetiology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第7期17卷 922-925页

作者： Mikkel Malham sΦren Peter JΦrgensen Peter ott JΦrgen Agnholt Hendrik Vilstrup Mette Borre Jens F Dahlerup Department of Medicine V (Hepatology and Gastroenterology) Aarhus University Hospital

AIM: To examine the vitamin D status in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis compared to those with primary biliary cirrhosis. METHODs: Our retrospective case series comprised 89 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and 34 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis who visited our outpatient clinic in 2005 and underwent a serum vitamin D status assessment. REsULTs: Among the patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, 85% had serum vitamin D levels below 50 nmol/L and 55% had levels below 25 nmol/L, as compared to 60% and 16% of the patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, respectively (P s, serum vitamin D levels decreased with increasing liver disease severity, as determined by the Child-Pugh score. CONCLUsION: Vitamin D deficiency in cirrhosis relates to liver dysfunction rather than aetiology, with lower levels of vitamin D in alcoholic cirrhosis than in primary biliary cirrhosis.

关键词： Alcoholic liver cirrhosis Child-Pugh score Primary biliary cirrhosis Vitamin D deficiency