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Free-electron crystals for enhanced X-ray radiation

Light(science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1299-1309页

作者： Lee Wei Wesley Wong Xihang shi Aviv Karnieli Jeremy Lim suraj kumar sergio Carbajo Ido Kaminer Liang Jie Wong school of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore. solid state Institute and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technion–Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel. school of Electrical Engineering Fleischman Faculty of EngineeringTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69978Israel Department of Applied Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA. science Mathematics and TechnologySingapore University of Technology and Design8 Somapah RoadSingapore 487372Singapore. Electrical and Computer Engineering Department UCLA420 WestwoodLos AngelesCA 90095USA. Physics and Astronomy Department UCLA475 Portola PlazaLos AngelesCA 90095USA. sLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University2575 Sand Hill RoadMenlo ParkCA 94025USA

Bremsstrahlung—the spontaneous emission of broadband radiation from free electrons that are deflected by atomic nuclei—contributes to the majority of X-rays emitted from X-ray tubes and used in applications ranging from medical imaging to semiconductor chip ***,we show that the bremsstrahlung intensity can be enhanced significantly—by more than three orders of magnitude—through shaping the electron wavefunction to periodically overlap with atoms in crystalline ***,we show how to shape the bremsstrahlung X-ray emission pattern into arbitrary angular emission profiles for purposes such as unidirectionality and ***,we find that these enhancements and shaped emission profiles cannot be attributed solely to the spatial overlap between the electron probability distribution and the atomic centers,as predicted by the paraxial and nonrecoil theory for free electron light *** work highlights an unprecedented regime of free electron light emission where electron waveshaping provides multi-dimensional control over practical radiation processes like *** results pave the way towards greater versatility in table-top X-ray sources and improved fundamental understanding of quantum electron-light interactions.

关键词： overlap attributed arbitrary

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Transcranial direct current stimulation as early augmentation in adolescent obsessive compulsive disorder:A pilot proof-of-concept randomized control trial

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 161-170页

作者： Aditya Agrawal Vivek Agarwal sujita kumar Kar Amit Arya Department of Psychiatry King George Medical UniversityUttar PradeshLucknow 226003India

BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCs)is proven to be safe in treating various neurological conditions in children and *** is also an effective method in the treatment of OCD in *** To assess the safety and efficacy of tDCs as an add-on therapy in drug-naive adolescents with *** We studied drug-naïve adolescents with OCD,using a Children’s Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale(CY-BOCs)scale to assess their *** active and sham groups were given fluoxetine,and we applied cathode and anode over the supplementary motor area and deltoid for 20 min in 10 *** occurred at 2,6,and 12 wk using *** Eighteen adolescents completed the study(10-active,8-sham group).CY-BOCs scores from baseline to 12 wk reduced significantly in both groups but change at baseline to 2 wk was significant in the active group *** mean change at 2 wk was more in the active group(11.8±7.77 vs 5.25±2.22,P=0.056).Adverse effects between the groups were *** tDCs is safe and well tolerated for the treatment of OCD in ***,there is a need for further studies with a larger sample population to confirm the effectiveness of tDCs as early augmentation in OCD in this population.

关键词： Adolescents Early augmentation Obsessive compulsive disorder safety Transcranial direct current stimulation

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A hierarchical clustering approach for colorectal cancer molecular subtypes identification from gene expression data

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Intelligent Medicine 2024年第1期4卷 43-51页

作者： shivangi Raghav Aastha suri Deepika kumar Aakansha Aakansha Muskan Rathore sudipta Roy Department of Computer science&Engineering Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of EngineeringNew DelhiIndia Artificial Intelligence&Data science Jio InstituteNavi Mumbai410206India

Background Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the second leading cause of cancer fatalities and the third most common human *** molecular subgroups of CRC and treating patients accordingly could result in better therapeutic success compared with treating all CRC patients *** have highlighted the significance of CRC as a major cause of mortality worldwide and the potential benefits of identifying molecular subtypes to tailor treatment strategies and improve patient *** This study proposed an unsupervised learning approach using hierarchical clustering and feature selection to identify molecular subtypes and compares its performance with that of conventional *** proposed model contained gene expression data from CRC patients obtained from Kaggle and used dimension reduction techniques followed by Z-score-based outlier *** hierarchy clustering was used to identify molecular subtypes,with a P-value-based approach for feature *** performance of the model was evaluated using various classifiers including multilayer perceptron(MLP).Results The proposed methodology outperformed conventional methods,with the MLP classifier achieving the highest accuracy of 89%after feature *** model successfully identified molecular subtypes of CRC and differentiated between different subtypes based on their gene expression *** This method could aid in developing tailored therapeutic strategies for CRC patients,although there is a need for further validation and evaluation of its clinical significance.

关键词： Machine learning Colorectal cancer Feature selection Classification Clustering

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Reliable Data Collection Model and Transmission Framework in Large-scale Wireless Medical sensor Networks

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第7期140卷 1077-1102页

作者： Haosong Gou Gaoyi Zhang RenêRipardo Calixto senthil kumar Jagatheesaperumal Victor Hugo C.de Albuquerque China Mobile Group sichuan Co. Ltd.Chengdu640041China Department of Teleinformatics Engineering Federal University of CearáFortaleza60455-970Brazil Department of Electronics&Communication Engineering Mepco Schlenk Engineering CollegeSivakasi626005India

Large-scale wireless sensor networks(WsNs)play a critical role in monitoring dangerous scenarios and responding to medical ***,the inherent instability and error-prone nature of wireless links present significant challenges,necessitating efficient data collection and reliable transmission *** paper addresses the limitations of existing data transmission and recovery protocols by proposing a systematic end-to-end design tailored for medical event-driven cluster-based large-scale *** primary goal is to enhance the reliability of data collection and transmission services,ensuring a comprehensive and practical *** approach focuses on refining the hop-count-based routing scheme to achieve fairness in forwarding ***,it emphasizes reliable data collection within clusters and establishes robust data transmission over multiple *** systematic improvements are designed to optimize the overall performance of the WsN in real-world *** results of the proposed protocol validate its exceptional performance compared to other prominent data transmission *** evaluation spans varying sensor densities,wireless channel conditions,and packet transmission rates,showcasing the protocol’s superiority in ensuring reliable and efficient data *** systematic end-to-end design successfully addresses the challenges posed by the instability of wireless links in *** prioritizing fairness,reliability,and efficiency,the proposed protocol demonstrates its efficacy in enhancing data collection and transmission services,thereby offering a valuable contribution to the field of medical event-drivenWsNs.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks reliable data transmission medical emergencies cluster data collection routing scheme

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Erosive Wear study of PPLsF/Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Laminates

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New series) 2024年第2期31卷 68-79页

作者： Chetana Tripathy Deepak kumar Mohapatra Chitta Ranjan Deo Punyapriya Mishra Department of Mechanical Engineering Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology(VSSUT)Sambalpur 768018India

This work is focused to examine the erosive performance of hybrid Palmyra palm leaf stalk fiber(PPLsF)/glass polyester laminate against solid particle bombardment.A hand lay-up method was adopted for the fabricating four piles of five distinct laminates with different stacking order glass and PPLsF *** them,one group of pure PPLsF and pure E-glass laminates were *** hybrid laminates were exposed to high speed stream of solid sand particle at three distinct impact velocities(48,70 and 82 m/s)and four different angles of impingement(30°,45°,60°and 90°).The effect of particle velocity,angle of impingement and stacking order on both wear rate and efficiency were *** experimental assessment reveals a significant improvement in erosive wear resistance properties due to hybridization of PPLsF with ***,the laminates with PPLsF layer as skin and glass as core layer exhibited better erosive wear resistance properties than other types of ***,a maximum value of erosion at lower velocity(48 m/s)is also noticed at 45°impingement ***,at high velocity of impact 70 m/s and 82 m/s,the maximum rate of erosion has been shifted from 45°impact angle to 60°impact *** alternation of this semi-ductile character to semi-brittle character is evidenced by analyzing the experimental *** to justify the mode of erosion,the eroded surface samples were inspected by scanning electron microscope(sEM).

关键词： hybrid composites erosion wear void micro-hardness sEM

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QT AG-Modules whose h-Pure-s-High submodules Have Closure

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Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications 2024年第1期44卷 18-24页

作者： Mohd Noman ALI Vinit kumar sHARMA Ayazul HAsAN Department of Mathematics Shri Venkateshwara University College of Applied Industrial Technology Jazan University

A right module M over an associative ring R with unity is a QTAG-module if every finitely generated submodule of any homomorphic image of M is a direct sum of uniserial *** article considers the closure of h-pure-s-high submodules of ***,we determine all submodules s of a QTAG-module M such that each closure of h-pure-s-high submodule of M is h-pure-■-high in■.A few results of this theme give a comparison of some elementary properties of h-pure-s-high and s-high submodules.

关键词： QTAG-modules closures h-pure-s-high submodules

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Translocator protein and neurodegeneration: insights from Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1090-1091页

作者： Arpit kumar Pradhan Rainer Rupprecht Gerhard Rammes Klinik für Anaesthesiologie und Intensivmedizin der Technischen Universität München Klinikum rechts der IsarMunichGermany Graduate school of systemic Neurosciences Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMartinsriedGermany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University RegensburgRegensburgGermany

The 18 kDa translocator protein(TsPO)located on the outer mitochondrial membrane regulates several key cellular processes including mitochondrial homeostasis,cholesterol transport,apoptosis,cell proliferation,and maintenance of mitochondrial health(Rupprecht et al.,2022,2023).TsPO is expressed in both peripheral organs and the central nervous system,with a more pronounced expression in tissues that produce *** main reason why TsPO has garnered so much attention is because it plays a key role in neurosteroidogenesis by transferring cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane,which is the rate-limiting step in neurosteroid synthesis.A cholesterol-recognizing amino acid consensus domain has been identified in the cytosolic C terminus of the TsPO protein by both in vitro and site-directed mutagenesis experiments(Li et al.,2001).However,the role of TsPO in the process of neurosteroid synthesis has been challenged by several studies,particularly TsPO knockout models,which suggest that TsPO removal does not affect the phenotype or the system’s viability(Tu et al.,2014).However,ligands targeting TsPO have been shown to enhance levels of neurosteroids which suggests that neurosteroidogenesis is one of the major functional roles mediated by the TsPO protein.

关键词： cholesterol organs

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Fast-to-Clinic, Fast-to-Market in Biotech Innovation: Optimizing Chemistry Manufacturing & Controls (CMC) Excellence for Clinical and Commercial success

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and science 2024年第3期14卷 155-171页

作者： Kishore kumar Hotha Veranova Devens MA USA

In the emerging world of biotech innovation, the fast-to-clinic/market strategy has emerged as a critical “mantra” for biotech, investors, and CDMOs. This approach addresses the escalating costs and complexities of research and development by streamlining the path from concept to clinical trials and, ultimately, to market. The article delves into the intricacies of implementing a fast-to-clinic/market strategy, underlining the empowering role of strategic decision-making in preclinical and commercial stages. The plan advocates for a phase-appropriate approach, where the development decision is tailored to each phase of the product’s lifecycle. This ensures that resources are allocated efficiently, risks are managed effectively, and the product can move through the development pipeline accelerated without compromising quality or regulatory compliance. The article also discusses the role of CDMOs in facilitating rapid product development and the essential factors biotech companies must consider when selecting a partner for outsourcing. These factors include the CDMO’s expertise in navigating regulatory landscapes, technological capabilities, and ability to scale processes efficiently. Moreover, the article stresses the importance of agility and flexibility in the fast-to-clinic/market approach. Biotech companies are encouraged to adopt adaptable strategies that respond to the fast-evolving regulatory and market landscapes.

关键词： Fast to Clinic Innovation CDMO CMC Preclinical FDA IND NDA ANDA Biotech

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The Criteria for Reducing Centrally Restricted Three-Body Problem to Two-Body Problem

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期14卷 1-19页

作者： Bijay kumar sharma Department of Electronics and Communication National Institute of Technology Patna India

Our solar system contains eight planets and their respective natural satellites excepting the inner two planets Mercury and Venus. A satellite hosted by a given Planet is well protected by the gravitational pertubation of much heavier planets such as Jupiter and saturn if the natural satellite lies deep inside the respective host Planet Hill sphere. Each planet has a Hill radius asub>Hsub> and planet mean radius Rsub>P sub>and the ratio Rsub>1sub>=Rsub>Psub>/asub>Hsub>. Under very low Rsub>1 sub>(less than 0.006) the approximation of CRTBP (centrally restricted three-body problem) to two-body problem is valid and planet has spacious Hill lobe to capture a satellite and retain it. This ensures a high probability of capture of natural satellite by the given planet and sun’s perturbation on Planet-satellite binary can be neglected. This is the case with Earth, Mars, Jupiter, saturn, Neptune and Uranus. But Mercury and Venus has Rsub>1sub>=Rsub>Psub>/asub>Hsub> =0.01 and 5.9862 × 10sup>-3sup> respectively hence they have no satellites. There is a limit to the dimension of the captured body. It must be a much smaller body both dimensionally as well masswise. The qantitative limit is a subject of an independent study.

关键词： Hill’s Radius Two-Body Problem Fixed-Point solution Lagrange Points Earth-Moon-Test Particle CRTBP

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Heavy metal pollution of river water and eco-friendly remediation using potent microalgal species

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Water science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 41-50页

作者： Amudham Radha Amal Raj Prabhakaran Mylsamy V.sivasankar B.sathish kumar Kiyoshi Omine T.G.sunitha Phycological Research Laboratory Research Department of BotanyPachaiyappa's College(Affiliated to University of Madras)Chennai 600030India Research Department of Chemistry Pachaiyappa's College(Affiliated to University of Madras)Chennai 600030India Department of Botany Sri Vidya Mandir Arts&Science College(Autonomous)KatteriUthangarai 636902India Department of Civil Engineering School of Engineering.Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki-Daigaku1-14 Bunkyo-machiNagasaki 8528521Japan

Pollution of rivers is mainly caused by anthropogenic activities such as discharge of effluent from industrial facilities,maintenance of sewage/effluent treatment plants,and dumping of solid waste on river *** study dealt with the pollution issues of the Cooum River in the well-known city of Chennai in south *** samples from 27 locations were collected and analyzed for 12 elements,including Ba,B,and Al,as well as heavy metals such as Pb,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,and *** samples showed levels of these elements that exceeded World Health Organization *** correlation analysis revealed the inter-dependency among elements,and the contribution of each element based on factor loadings showed its percentage contribution compared to *** samples from six significant locations were chosen for remediation with three algae:Chlorella vulgaris,scenedesmus dimorphus,and Phormedium *** uptake of pollutants led to the continuous growth of algae during the incubation period of 15 d,effectively removing heavy metals from the river *** increasing levels of algal counts and the chlorophyll a content confirmed the algal growth during the incubation period,followed by a declining stage after the incubation *** scanning electron microscopic images of algae before and after the remediation showed no remarkable modification of morphological *** study showed that the uptake of heavy metals using algae is an effective water pollution remediation measure,making the process practicable in the field on a large scale in the near future.

关键词： Heavy metal Cooum river Phycoremediation Microalgae Factor analysis

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