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s.ngle-pilot operations in commercial flight:Effects on neural activity and visual behaviour under abnormalities and emergencies

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第8期37卷 277-292页

作者： Qinbiao LI Chun-Hsien CHEN Kam K.H.ng Xin YUAN cho Yin YIU Human Factors and Ergonomics Laboratory Department of Aeronautical and Aviation EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative Region 100872China school of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore

With cutting-edge technologies and considering airline human-resource-saving,a s.ngle pilot in commercial jets could be technically *** changes in captains’natural behaviours are initially required to comprehend the specific safe human performance envelope for safeguarding s.ngle-pilot flight,particularly in high-risk *** paper investigates how captains’performance transforms for fixing emergencies when operating from Dual-Pilot Operations(DPO)to s.ngle-Pilot Operations(sPO)through a physiological-based *** pilots flew an emergency-included flight with/without first officers’*** neural activities and scanning behaviours were recorded us.ng a 32-channel Electroencephalogram(EEG)and glasses-based eye tracker,with the observation and post-experiment questionnaires to evaluate the flight operations and pilots’*** alone,there was a significantly increased cortical activity in h and b waves over the frontal,parietal,and temporal lobes during the more complicated emergencies,and pilots focused less on the primary flight display while spending significantly more time scanning the other *** physiological fluctuating patterns associated with risky operations in sPO were highlighted by cross-correlating multimodal *** experimental-based noteworthy insights may wish to inform commercial sPO measures to lessen the persistent physiological fluctuation,assisting airlines in creating sPO-oriented intelligent flight systems to give captains adequate support for assuring safer air transportation.

关键词： Aviation engineering s.ngle pilot operations Behaviour changes Eye tracker Electroencephalogram

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue sampling induced pancreatic duct leak resolved by the placement of a pancreatic stent:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第9期12卷 1677-1684页

作者： Ki-Hyun Kim Chang hwan Park Eunae cho Yohan Lee Department of Internal Medicine Chonnam National University HospitalGwangju 61469South Korea Department of Gastroenterology Chonnam National University HospitalGwangju 61469South Korea

BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal leaks complicated by endoscopic ultrasonography-guided tissue sampling(EUs-Ts)can manifest as acute *** sUMMARY A 63-year-old man presented with persistent abdominal pain and weight ***:Laboratory findings revealed elevated carbohydrate antigen 19-9(5920 U/mL)and carcinoembryonic antigen(23.7 ng/mL)*** resonance imaging of the pancreas revealed an approximately 3 cm ill-defined space-occupying lesion in the inferior aspect of the head,with severe encasement of the superior mesenteric *** ductal adenocarcinoma was confirmed after pathological examination of specimens obtained by EUs-Ts us.ng the fanning *** and outcomes:The following day,the patient experienced severe abdominal pain with high amylase(265 U/L)and lipase(1173 U/L)*** tomography of the abdomen revealed edematous wall thickening of the second portion of the duodenum with adjacent fluid collections and a suspicious leak from either the distal common bile duct or the main pancreatic duct in the *** retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed dye leakage in the head of the main pancreatic ***,a 5F 7 cm linear plastic stent was deployed into the pancreatic duct to divert the pancreatic *** patient’s abdominal pain improved immediately after pancreatic stent insertion,and amylase and lipase levels normalized within a *** chemotherapy was then *** Us.ng the fanning method in EUs-Ts can inadvertently cause damage to the pancreatic duct and may lead to clinically significant *** a pancreatic stent may immediately resolve acute pancreatitis and shorten the waiting time for curative *** us.ng the fanning method during EUsTs,ductal structures should be excluded to prevent pancreatic ductal leakage.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue sampling Pancreatitis Pancreatic duct leak Pancreatic stent Case report

Vertical plane depth-resolved surface potential and carrier separation characteristics in flexible CZTsse solar cells with over 12% efficiency

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Carbon Energy 2024年第3期6卷 36-52页

作者： Dae-Ho son Ha Kyung Park Dae-hwan Kim Jin-Kyu Kang shi-Joon s.ng Dae-Kue hwang Jaebaek Lee Dong-hwan Jeon Yunae cho William Jo Taeseon Lee JunHo Kim s.ng-Hoon Nam Kee-Jeong Yang Division of Energy Technology DGISTDaeguRepublic of Korea Research Center for Thin Film solar Cells DGISTDaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Physics Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Physics Incheon National UniversityIncheonRepublic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusettsUSA

Cu2Znsn(s,se)4(CZTsse)solar cells have resource distribution and economic *** main cause of their low efficiency is carrier loss resulting from recombination of photo-generated electron and *** overcome this,it is important to understand their electron-hole behavior *** determine the carrier separation characteristics,we measured the surface potential and the local current in terms of the absorber *** elemental variation in the intragrains(IGs)and at the grain boundaries(GBs)caused a band edge shift and bandgap(Eg)*** the absorber surface and subsurface,an upward Ec and Ev band bending structure was observed at the GBs,and the carrier separation was *** the absorber center,both upward Ec and Ev and downward Ec-upward Ev band bending structures were observed at the GBs,and the carrier separation was *** improve the carrier separation and suppress carrier recombination,an upward Ec and Ev band bending structure at the GBs is desirable.

关键词： carrier separation CZTsse flexible solar cell local current surface potential

Microphysiological systems for modeling gut-organ interaction

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BIOCELL 2024年第8期48卷 1145-1153页

作者： JOng hwan s.ng Department of Chemical Engineering Hongik UniversitySeoulKorea

The gut is a digestive organ that absorbs nutrients but also plays a vital role in immune response and defense against external *** complex interaction between the gut microbiota and other organs including the immune system of the host has been known in various contexts,yielding the notion of‘axes’between the gut and other *** the presence of various gut-organ axes has been reported,the lack of adequate in vitro model systems for studying this interaction has restricted a deeper insight into these *** developed microphysiological systems(MPs),also known as organ-on-a-chip,allow researchers to study complex interactions between diverse organs,and here we provide a review of how recently developed gut-on-a-chip systems are used for building models of various diseases that were difficult to study.

关键词： Microfluidics Gut-liver axis Gut-brain axis Microphysiological systems

Programmable directional color dynamics us.ng plasmonics

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 325-334页

作者： Gyurin Kim Doeun Kim soeun Ko Jang-hwan Han Juhwan Kim Joo hwan Ko Young Min s.ng Hyeon-Ho Jeong school of Electrical Engineering and Computer science Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 61005Republic of Korea Department of semiconductor Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 61005Republic of Korea Artificial Intelligence(AI)Graduate school Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 61005Republic of Korea

Adaptive multicolor filters have emerged as key components for ensuring color accuracy and resolution in outdoor visual ***,the current state of this technology is still in its infancy and largely reliant on liquid crystal devices that require high voltage and bulky structural ***,we present a multicolor nanofilter consisting of multilayered‘active’plasmonic nanocomposites,wherein metallic nanoparticles are embedded within a conductive polymer *** nanocomposites are fabricated with a total thickness below 100 nm us.ng a‘lithography-free’method at the wafer level,and they inherently exhibit three prominent optical modes,accompanying scattering phenomena that produce distinct dichroic reflection and transmission ***,a pivotal achievement is that all these colors are electrically manipulated with an applied external voltage of less than 1 V with 3.5 s of switching speed,encompass.ng the entire visible ***,this electrically programmable multicolor function enables the effective and dynamic modulation of the color temperature of white light across the warm-to-cool spectrum(3250 K-6250 K).This transformative capability is exceptionally valuable for enhancing the performance of outdoor optical devices that are independent of factors such as the sun’s elevation and prevailing weather conditions.

关键词： directional prevailing exceptional

A New Framework for software Vulnerability Detection Based on an Advanced Computing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 3699-3723页

作者： Bui Van Cong cho Do Xuan Department of Information Technology University of Economics and Technical IndustriesHanoi100000Vietnam Faculty of Information security Posts and Telecommunications Institute of TechnologyHanoi100000Vietnam

The detection of software vulnerabilities written in C and C++languages takes a lot of attention and interest *** paper proposes a new framework called DrCsE to improve software vulnerability *** uses an intelligent computation technique based on the combination of two methods:Rebalancing data and representation learning to analyze and evaluate the code property graph(CPG)of the source code for detecting abnormal behavior of software *** do that,DrCsE performs a combination of 3 main process.ng techniques:(i)building the source code feature profiles,(ii)rebalancing data,and(iii)contrastive *** which,the method(i)extracts the source code’s features based on the vertices and edges of the *** method of rebalancing data has the function of supporting the training process by balancing the experimental ***,contrastive learning techniques learn the important features of the source code by finding and pulling similar ones together while pushing the outliers *** experiment part of this paper demonstrates the superiority of the DrCsE Framework for detecting source code security vulnerabilities us.ng the Verum *** a result,the method proposed in the article has brought a pretty good performance in all metrics,especially the Precision and Recall scores of 39.35%and 69.07%,respectively,proving the efficiency of the DrCsE *** performs better than other approaches,with a 5%boost in Precision and a 5%boost in ***,this is considered the best research result for the software vulnerability detection problem us.ng the Verum dataset according to our survey to date.

关键词： source code vulnerability source code vulnerability detection code property graph feature profile contrastive learning data rebalancing

Regional anesthesia in a patient with primary ciliary dyskinesia:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第17期12卷 3183-3187页

作者： Hyung Joon Park Ye hwan Kim Young Joon Yoon s.ng Yun cho Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Hanyang University Guri HospitalGuri-si 471-701Gyeonggi-doSouth Korea

BACKGROUND Primary ciliary dyskinesia(PCD)is an inherited autosomal-recessive disorder of impaired mucociliary clearance characterized by chronic respiratory diseases,otolaryngological diseases,central nervous system abnormalities,reproductive system abnormalities,and cardiac function *** anesthesia in these patients is associated with a higher incidence of respiratory complications than in patients without the *** sUMMARY A 16-year-old male patient was referred to the emergency room complaining of right ankle pain due to distal tibiofibular *** years prior,he had been diagnosed with *** that time,he had experienced several episodes of pneumonia,sinusitis,and chronic middle ear infections,for which he underwent surgical *** the current admission,he presented with cough and sputum but no other respiratory symptoms.A chest computed tomography scan revealed centrilobular ground-glass opacities in both lower lobes and a calcified nodule in the left lower *** the surgical procedure and postoperative pain management,combined spinal-epidural anesthesia was *** patient’s postoperative pain score was measured by the numerical rating scale(NRs).On the day of surgery,his NRs was 5 *** the second postoperative day,the NRs score had decreased to 2–3 *** epidural catheter was removed on the fourth day following the *** patient was subsequently discharged no respiratory *** We performed combined spinal-epidural anesthesia in a patient with *** patient experienced no additional respiratory complications and was discharged with a low NRs score for pain.

关键词： Primary ciliary dyskinesia Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia Patient controlled epidural analgesia Lower limb operation Case report

Two-stage dynamic recrystallization and texture evolution in Al-7Mg alloy during hot torsion

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第8期31卷 1900-1911页

作者： Kwang Tae son Chang Hee cho Myoung Gyun Kim Ji Woon Lee school of Mechanical Industrialand Manufacturing EngineeringOregon State UniversityCorvallis OR 97331USA Department of Materials science Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanston IL 60208USA Research Institute of Industrial science and Technology(RIsT) Pohang 37673Rep.of Korea Division of Advanced Materials Engineering Kongju National UniversityCheonan 31080Rep.of Korea Center for Advanced Materials and Parts of Powders Kongju National UniversityCheonan 31080Rep.of Korea

Hot torsion tests were performed on the Al-7Mg alloy at the temperature ranging from 300 to 500℃ and strain rates between 0.05 and 5 s^(-1) to explore the progressive dynamic recrystallization(DRX)and texture *** DRX behavior of the alloy manifested two distinct stages:stage 1 at strain of≤2 and stage 2 at strains of≥*** stage 1,there was a slight increase in the DRXed grain fraction(X_(DRX))with predominance of discontinuous DRX(DDRX),followed by a modest change in X_(DRX) until the transition to stage *** 2 was marked by an accelerated rate of DRX,culminating in a substantial final X_(DRX) of~*** backscattered diffraction(EBsD)analysis on a sample in stage 2 revealed that continuous DRX(CDRX)predominantly occurred within the(121)[001]grains,whereas the(111)[110]grains underwent a geometric DRX(GDRX)evolution without a noticeable sub-grain ***,a modified Avrami’s DRX kinetics model was utilized to predict the microstructural refinement in the Al-7Mg alloy during the DRX *** this kinetics model did not accurately capture the DDRX behavior in stage 1,it effectively simulated the DRX rate in stage *** texture index was employed to assess the evolution of the texture isotropy during hot-torsion test,demonstrating significant improvement(>75%)in texture randomness before the commencement of stage *** initial texture evolution is attributed to the rotation of parent grains and the substructure evolution,rather than to an increase in X_(DRX).

关键词： Al-7Mg alloys hot deformation hot torsion tests dynamic recrystazlliation microstructure texture

Prediction of net energy of feeds for broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 241-250页

作者： Aye-cho Tay-Zar Manoosak Wongphatcharachai Pairat srichana Pierre-André Geraert Jean Noblet Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Company Limited(CPF) BangkokThailand Adisseo France s.A.s. AntonyFrance INRAE RennesFrance

Net energy(NE)enables the prediction of more accurate feed energy values by taking into account the heat increment which is approximately 25%of apparent metabolizable energy(AME)in ***,application of NE in poultry industry has not been practiced *** predict the NE values of broiler diets,23 diets were prepared by us.ng 13 major ingredients(wheat,corn,paddy rice,broken rice,cassava pellets,full-fat soybean,soybean meal,canola meal,animal protein,rice bran,wheat bran,palm kernel meal and palm kernel oil).The diets were formulated in order to meet the birds'requirements and get a wide range of chemical compositions(on DM basis;33.6%to 55.3%for starch;20.8%to 28.4%for CP,2.7%to 10.6%for ether extract[EE]and 7.0%to 17.2%for NDF),with low correlations between these nutrients and low correlations between the inclusion levels of ingredients allowing for the calculation of robust prediction equations of energy values of diets or *** diets were fed to Ross 308 broilers raised in 12 open-circuit respiratory chambers from 18 to 23 d of age(4 birds per cage)and growth performance,diet AME content and heat production were measured,and dietary NE values were *** trial was conducted on a weekly basis with 12 diets measured each week(1per chamber),1 of the 23 diets(reference diet)being measured each *** diet was tested at least *** total,235 energy balance data values were available for the final *** performance,AME(15.3 MJ/kg DM on average)and AME/GE(79.4%on average)values were as *** NE/AME value averaged 76.6%and was negatively influenced by CP and NDF and positively by EE in connection with efficiencies of AME provided by CP,EE and starch for NE of 73%,87%and 81%,*** best prediction equation was:NE=(0.815×AME)—(0.026×CP)+(0.020×EE)—(0.024×NDF)with NE and AME as MJ/kg DM,and CP,EE and NDF as%of *** NE prediction equations from this study agree with other recently reported equation

关键词： Net energy Broiler Poultry Feed evaluation Energy system