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Hard life for sons in the nest?sex-dependent offspring mortality in Great Tits in urban and forest areas

Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 91-97页

作者： Nora Agh Henriett Anna Dalvári Krisztián szabó Ivett Pipoly András Liker HUN-REN-PE Evolutionary Ecology Research Group University of PannoniaH-8200VeszpremPf.1158.Hungary Behavioral Ecology Research Group Center for Natural SciencesUniversity of PannoniaH-8200Pf.1158.VeszpremHungary Molecular Ecology Research Group Department of EcologyUniversity of Veterinary Medicine BudapestH-1400Pf.2.BudapestHungary synlab Hungary Ltd. H-1211Weiss Manfr´ed Str.5-7BudapestHungary

sex-biased mortality can occur in birds during development,for example due to sexual differences in energy requirement and/or environmental sensitivity,or the effects of sex hormones or sex differences in the expression of mutations linked to sex *** extent of sex-bias in mortality may also be related to environmental conditions that influence offspring development and *** areas often provide poorer conditions for nestling development resulting in higher offspring mortality compared to natural areas,which may accelerate sex differences in offspring mortality in *** test this hypothesis,we examined the sex ratio of dead offspring in Great Tits(Parus major),using 427 samples of unhatched eggs and dead nestlings collected in two urban and two forest sites between 2013 and *** ratio of males in the whole sample of dead offspring(56.9%)was significantly higher than expected by an 1:1 ratio,and the strongest sex biases were detected in urban areas(57.6%males)and in young nestlings(s old,59.0%males).However,the sex ratios of dead offspring did not differ significantly among study sites and between offspring developmental stages.29.3%of unhatched eggs contained a visible embryo,and the proportion of embryo-containing unhatched eggs did not differ significantly between urban and forest study *** results suggest male-biased offspring mortality in Great Tits,and highlight the need of large datasets to detect subtle differences between habitats and developmental stages.

关键词： Great Tit Urbanization Nestling mortality sex related differences

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Metabolomics for the diagnosis of bladder cancer: A systematic review

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 221-241页

作者： Herney Andrés García-Perdomo Angélica María Dávila-Raigoza Fernando Korkes Division of Urology/Urooncology Department of SurgerySchool of MedicineUniversidad del ValleCaliColombia UROGIV Research Group School of MedicineUniversidad del ValleCaliColombia Urologic Oncology Division of UrologyABC Medical SchoolSao PauloBrazil

Objective: Metabolomics has been extensively utilized in bladder cancer (BCa) research, employing mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to compare various variables (tissues, serum, blood, and urine). This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers for early BCa ***: A search strategy was designed to identify clinical trials, descriptive and analytical observational studies from databases such as Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health sciences. Inclusion criteria comprised studies involving BCa tissue, serum, blood, or urine profiling using widely adopted metabolomics techniques like mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. Primary outcomes included description of metabolites and metabolomics profiling in BCa patients and the association of metabolites and metabolomics profiling with BCa diagnosis compared to control patients. The risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment of studies of Diagnostic ***: The search strategy yielded 2832 studies, of which 30 case-control studies were included. Urine was predominantly used as the primary sample for metabolite identification. Risk of bias was often unclear inpatient selection, blinding of the index test, and reference standard assessment, but no applicability concerns were observed. Metabolites and metabolomics profiles associated with BCa diagnosis were identified in glucose, amino acids, nucleotides, lipids, and aldehydes ***: The identified metabolites in urine included citric acid, valine, tryptophan, taurine, aspartic acid, uridine, ribose, phosphocholine, and carnitine. Tissue samples exhibited elevated levels of lactic acid, amino acids, and lipids. Consistent findings across tissue, urine, and serum samples revealed downregulation of citric acid and upregulation of lactic acid, valine, tryptophan, taurine, glutamine, aspartic acid, uridine, rib

关键词： Metabolite Metabolomics Bladder cancer Metabolomicsprofile

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Women in visual neural regeneration research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 489-490页

作者： Tonia s.Rex David J.Calkins Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA

The year 2024 marks the 60^(th)anniversary of Title IX and 25 years since the New York Times revealed bias against female faculty members at the Massachusetts Institute of *** take an opportunity here to examine the state of gender bias in a relatively new yet already prominent field,neural regeneration in the visual system,for which there is a well-defined context useful for this *** National Eye Institute(NEI)provided the first round of research funding for its Audacious Goals Initiative(AGI)on visual neural regeneration in 2013 and the last round in ***,we focus on this *** sources included PubMed,the National science Foundation(NsF),the NEI,the Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research and data from the major professional organization for eye and vision research,the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology(ARVO).

关键词： neural visual Times

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Effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of esophageal adenocarcinoma:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1621-1635页

作者： Armand Csontos Alíz Fazekas Lajos szakó Nelli Farkas Csenge Papp szilárd Ferenczi szabolcs Bellyei Péter Hegyi András Papp Department of surgery University of PécsMedical SchoolClinical CenterPécs H-7624BaranyaHungary Institute of Bioanalysis University of PécsMedical SchoolPécs H-7624BaranyaHungary Institute for Translational Medicine University of PécsMedical SchoolPécs H-7624BaranyaHungary Department of Emergency Medicine Clinical CenterUniversity of PécsMedical SchoolPécs 7624BaranyaHungary Department of Oncotherapy University of PécsMedical SchoolClinical CenterPécs H-7624BaranyaHungary Centre for Translational Medicine Semmelweis UniversityBudapest 1085Hungary Institute of Pancreatic Diseases Semmelweis UniversityBudapest H-1083Hungary

BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant therapy is an essential modality for reducing the clinical stage of esophageal cancer;however,the superiority of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(nCT)or neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(nCRT)is ***,a discussion of these two modalities is *** To investigate the benefits and complications of neoadjuvant *** To address this concern,predefined criteria were established using the PICO *** independent authors performed comprehensive searches using predetermined *** analyses were performed to identify significant differences between *** publication bias was visualized using funnel *** quality of the data was evaluated using the Risk of bias Tool 2(RoB2)and the GRADE *** Ten articles,including 1928 patients,were included for the *** difference was detected in pathological complete response(pCR)[Ps ratio(OR):0.27;95%CI:0.16-0.46],30-d mortality(P=0.015;OR:0.4;95%CI:0.22-0.71)favoring the nCRT,and renal failure(P=0.039;OR:1.04;95%CI:0.66-1.64)favoring the *** significant differences were observed in terms of survival,local or distal recurrence,or other clinical or surgical *** result of RoB2 was moderate,and that of the GRADE approach was low or very low in almost all *** Although nCRT may have a higher pCR rate,it does not translate to greater long-term ***,nCRT is associated with higher 30-d mortality,although the specific cause for postoperative complications could not be *** the case of nCT,toxic side effects are suspected,which can reduce the quality of *** the quality of available studies,further randomized trials are required.

关键词： Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Chemoradiotherapy Esophageal cancer Adenocarcinoma

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Diversity, frequency, and geographic distribution of facultative bacterial endosymbionts in introduced aphid pests

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Insect science 2017年第3期24卷 511-521页

作者： Daniela A. sepulvedat Francisca Zepeda-Paulo Claudio C. Ramfrez bias Lavandero Christian C. Figueroa Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Talca Instituto de Ciencias Biolsgicas Universidad de Talca Millennium Nucleus Centre in Molecular Ecology and Evolutionary Applications in the Agroecosystems Universidad de Talca 2 Norte 685 Talca Chile

Facultative bacterial endosymbionts in insects have been under intense study during the last years. Endosymbionts can modify the insect＇s phenotype, conferring adap- tive advantages under environmental stress. This seems particularly relevant for a group of worldwide agricultural aphid pests, because endosymbionts modify key fitness-related traits, including host plant use, protection against natural enemies and heat tolerance. Aimed to understand the role of facultative endosymbionts on the success of introduced aphid pests, the distribution and abundance of 5 facultative endosymbionts （Hamiltonella defensa, Regiella insecticola, serratia symbiotica, Rickettsia and spiroplasma） were stud- ied and compared in 4 cereal aphids （sitobion avenae, Diuraphis noxia, Metopolophium dirhodum and schizaphis graminium） and in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum complex from 2 agroclimatic zones in Chile. Overall, infections with faeultative endosymbionts exhibited a highly variable and characteristic pattern depending on the aphid species/host race and geographic zone, which could explain the success of aphid pest populations after their introduction. While s. symbiotica and H. defensa were the most frequent endosym- bionts carried by the A. pisum pea-race and A. pisum alfalfa-race aphids, respectively, the most frequent facultative endosymbiont carried by all cereal aphids was R. insecticola. Interestingly, a highly variable composition of endosymbionts carried by s. avenae was also observed between agroclimatic zones, suggesting that endosymbionts are responding differentially to abiotic variables （temperature and precipitations）. In addition, our findings constitute the first report of bacterial endosymbionts in cereal aphid species not screened before, and also the first report of aphid endosymbionts in Chile.

关键词： cereal aphids facultative bacterial endosymbionts grain aphid introduced aphids pea aphid

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CEO公共环保经历多样性与企业绿色技术创新

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科学学与科学技术管理 2024年第3期45卷 189-210页

作者：凌鸿程阳镇许睿谦陈劲江西财经大学应用经济学院(数字经济学院) 南昌330013 中国社会科学院工业经济研究所北京100006 清华大学技术创新研究中心北京100084 北京大学国家发展研究院北京100871 清华大学经济管理学院北京100084

新发展阶段下如何驱动经济绿色转型与微观企业的高质量发展成为实现生态文明以及建设科技创新强国的必由之路。企业绿色技术创新顺应了创新与绿色的新发展理念,如何驱动企业绿色技术创新成为学界热议的研究话题,既有的研究对战略决策视... 详细信息

新发展阶段下如何驱动经济绿色转型与微观企业的高质量发展成为实现生态文明以及建设科技创新强国的必由之路。企业绿色技术创新顺应了创新与绿色的新发展理念,如何驱动企业绿色技术创新成为学界热议的研究话题,既有的研究对战略决策视角下高管可持续导向与战略驱动的绿色创新决策呈现出较大程度上的忽视。基于2007—2019年中国沪深A股上市公司为研究样本,实证分析了CEO公共环保经历多样性对企业绿色技术创新的影响及其内在影响机理。结果表明:(1)CEO公共环保经历多样性对企业绿色技术创新产生显著地驱动效应,即CEO公共价值与环境保护价值导向的经历越丰富,对企业绿色技术创新的驱动效应更强,在考虑内生性问题后研究结果依然成立;(2)传导机制检验结果表明,企业社会责任与环保投资在CEO公共环保经历多样性与企业绿色技术创新之间产生部分中介效应,即公共环保经历通过利益相关方价值回应与资源配置两种路径改善企业绿色技术创新绩效;(3)调节效应检验结果表明,外部环境规制中的约束型政府规制与激励型政府规制分别在CEO公共环保经历多样性与企业绿色技术创新之间分别产生替代效应与协同互补效应,且考虑政治关联,中央政治关联背景下在CEO公共环保经历多样性对企业绿色技术创新产生正向促进效应,但是地方政治关联产生负向抑制效应;(4)异质性分析结果表明CEO公共环保经历多样性对技术密集型企业、大规模企业与非国有企业的绿色技术创新驱动效应更为明显。

关键词： CEO公共环保经历多样性企业社会责任企业绿色技术创新

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Kobe’s Angles 紫金禁卫军

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NBA特刊 2008年第6期 64-67页

作者： bias

如果说Kobe是要中兴"紫金王朝"的太子,那么,这几位就是在他身旁守护他达成任务的禁卫军。他们可能不受重视,但却不容忽视。

关键词：球队三分球常规赛控球身高替补意大利西区期待王朝

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Robust multifocus deep neural network for progression prediction on patient trajectory data

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2022年第4期15卷 589-598页

作者： K.Arunkumar s.Vas.ndra Department of CsE JNTUAAnanthapuramIndia Department of CsE JNTUACEAAnanthapuramIndia

Purpose-Patient treatment trajectory data are used to predict the outcome of the treatment to particular disease that has been carried out in the *** order to determine the evolving disease on the patient and changes in the health due to treatment has not considered existing *** deep learning models to trajectory data mining can be employed to identify disease prediction with high accuracy and less computation ***/methodology/approach-Multifocus deep neural network classifiers has been utilized to detect the novel disease class and comorbidity class to the changes in the genome pattern of the patient trajectory data can be identified on the layers of the *** is employed to learn extracted feature set with activation and weight function and then merged on many aspects to classify the undetermined sequence of diseases as a new *** performance of disease progression learning progress utilizes the precision of the constituent classifiers,which usually has larger generalization benefits than those optimized ***-Deep learning architecture uses weight function,bias function on input layers and max *** of the input layer has applied to hidden layer to generate the multifocus characteristics of the disease,and multifocus characterized disease is processed in activation function using ReLu function along hyper parameter tuning which produces the effective outcome in the output layer of a fully connected *** results have proved using cross validation that proposed model outperforms methodologies in terms of computation time and ***/value-Proposed evolving classifier represented as a robust architecture on using objective function to map the data sequence into a class distribution of the evolving disease class to the patient ***,the generative output layer of the proposed model produces the progression outcome of the disease of the particular pa

关键词： Patient trajectory data Deep learning representatives Disease evolution Unstructured hierarchical data Cluster reconstruction error

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揭示医学治疗的真相：好研究让我们更健康

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中国循证医学杂志 2015年第10期15卷 1117-1120页

作者：王琪陈耀龙姚亮杨克虎代表tti中文编辑团队兰州大学基础医学院循证医学中心兰州730000 甘肃省循证医学与临床转化重点实验室兰州730000 中国GRADE中心兰州730000 代表tti文编辑团队

《揭示医学治疗的真相》一书旨在帮助公众理解如何验证干预措施的有效性,以及临床试验当中可能存在的偏倚和误差,并呼吁帮助推动开展好的研究以提高卫生保健的质量。无论是第一版还是第二版,均在全世界范围内深受好评,第二版已经被翻译... 详细信息

《揭示医学治疗的真相》一书旨在帮助公众理解如何验证干预措施的有效性,以及临床试验当中可能存在的偏倚和误差,并呼吁帮助推动开展好的研究以提高卫生保健的质量。无论是第一版还是第二版,均在全世界范围内深受好评,第二版已经被翻译成十余种语言。为帮助读者更好地理解书中的内容,作者们基于此书创建了专门的网站互动平台(***),并同时创建了多个语种的版本。该网站不仅提供全文的下载,还系统收集了各种形式的科普资源(如视频、音频、漫画等),以便为读者补充更多相关知识。所有不同语言网站的编辑们成立了tti编辑联盟,互相分享经验,彼此提供支持,以推动全世界的卫生保健人员、患者和公众利用最可靠的研究证据进行健康相关的知情决策。

关键词：循证医学知识转化系统评价

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Weighted PageRank Algorithm search Engine Ranking Model for Web Pages

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Intelligent Automation & soft Computing 2023年第4期36卷 183-192页

作者： s.samsudeen shaffi I.Muthulakshmi Department of Computer science and Engineering PET Engineering CollegeVallioorTamil Nadu627117India Department of Computer science and Engineering V.V.College of EngineeringTisaiyanvilaiTamil Nadu627657India

As data grows in size,search engines face new challenges in extracting more relevant content for users’*** a result,a number of retrieval and ranking algorithms have been employed to ensure that the results are relevant to the user’s ***,most existing indexes and ranking algo-rithms crawl documents and web pages based on a limited set of criteria designed to meet user expectations,making it impossible to deliver exceptionally accurate *** a result,this study investigates and analyses how search engines work,as well as the elements that contribute to higher *** paper addresses the issue of bias by proposing a new ranking algorithm based on the PageRank(PR)algorithm,which is one of the most widely used page ranking algorithms We pro-pose weighted PageRank(WPR)algorithms to test the relationship between these various *** Weighted Page Rank(WPR)model was used in three dis-tinct trials to compare the rankings of documents and pages based on one or more user preferences ***ﬁndings of utilizing the Weighted Page Rank model showed that using multiple criteria to rankﬁnal pages is better than using only one,and that some criteria had a greater impact on ranking results than others.

关键词： Weighted pagerank algorithms search engines web pages web crawlers World Wide Web

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