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Pulsed laser interference patterning of transition-metal carbides for stable alkaline water electrolysis kinetics

Carbon Energy 2024年第5期6卷 65-80页

作者： Yewon Oh jayaraman Theerthagiri Ahreum Min Cheol Joo Moon Yiseul Yu Myong Yong Choi Department of Chemistry(BK21 FOUR) Research Institute of Natural SciencesGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea Core−Facility Center for Photochemistry and Nanomaterials Gyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea

We investigated the role of metal atomization and solvent decomposition into reductive species and carbon clusters in the phase formation of transition-metal carbides(TMCs;namely,Co_(3)C,Fe_(3)C,TiC,and MoC)by pulsed laser ablation of Co,Fe,Ti,and Mo metals in *** interaction between carbon s-p-orbitals and metal d-orbitals causes a redistribution of valence structure through charge transfer,leading to the formation of surface defects as observed by X-ray photoelectron *** defects influence the evolved TMCs,making them effective for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions(HER and OER)in an alkaline ***_(3)C with more oxygen affinity promoted CoO(OH)intermediates,and the electrochemical surface oxidation to Co_(3)O_(4)was captured via in situ/operando electrochemical Raman probes,increasing the number of active sites for OER *** with more d-vacancies exhibits strong hydrogen binding,promoting HER kinetics,whereas Fe_(3)C and TiC with more defect states to trap charge carriers may hinder both OER and HER *** results show that the assembled membrane-less electrolyzer with Co_(3)C∥Co_(3)C and MoC∥MoC electrodes requires~2.01 and 1.99 V,respectively,to deliver a 10 mA cm−2 with excellent electrochemical and structural *** addition,the ascertained pulsed laser synthesis mechanism and unit-cell packing relations will open up sustainable pathways for obtaining highly stable electrocatalysts for electrolyzers.

关键词： acetone H_(2)and O_(2)evolution reactions pulsed laser ablation surface defects transition-metal carbides water electrolyzer

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Macrophage polarization or repolarization in tuberculosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第10期17卷 435-444页

作者： Arijeet samanta sangita Maity Raghunath Hazra Adithyan jayaraman santanu Kar Mahapatra Department of Paramedical and Allied Health sciences Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research CentreMidnapore City CollegeKuturiyaBhadutalaPaschim Medinipur 721129West BengalIndia

Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium(M.)tuberculosis remains a global public health *** the last few decades,anti-tubercular research mainly focused on mechanisms of identifying by which activated macrophages can slaughter or the proliferation of *** bacilli prevented in a cell-dependent *** this regard,for disease resolution,inflammatory cytokines are very ***,we demonstrate how macrophages act as the first line of defense against the *** have revealed a dual role in *** infection played by *** is worth mentioning that the macrophages are the crucial immune effector and antigen-presenting cells that play the anti-tubercular response,which is the habitat of ***,hence,followed by progressing the disease protecting *** dual role can be correlated with the different macrophage polarization statuses,namely,M1 and ***,we have stated how the several polarization conditions of macrophages are directly linked to the immune responses during host and *** pathogen *** have proposed that macrophage polarization and repolarization are of paramount significance for the anti-tubercular immune response that may involve a sterile cure of the *** article summarizes the immune response to ***,the polarization states of macrophages during *** and the repolarization of macrophages by some agents during some diseases including ***,which may be an important factor in the World Health Organization's target to cure tuberculosis by 2035.

关键词： Tuberculosis Macrophage polarization Effector responses Antitubercular immune response

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Of ethnicity, environment, and microbiota

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第2期16卷 106-108页

作者： s.ndararajan jayaraman Department of surgery University of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoriaILUSA

Elie Metchnikoff’s lecture illustrated that‘men were free from microbes at birth and within tenth and seventeenth hour of birth the surface of skin,mucous membranes,respiratory passages,and more abundantly the digestive organs became peopled with microbes derived from the air or water’.1 It is interesting to note that the revised ratio of human cells to the number of bacteria in the body is 1:1,which is further tipped towards the human cell mass following each defecation.

关键词： organs respiratory revised

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Growth and Characterization of Organic NLO Crystal:β-Naphthol

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2011年第3期27卷 271-274页

作者： s.Janarthanan R.sugaraj samuel s.selvakumar Y.C.Rajan D.jayaraman s.Pandi Department of Physics Presidency College Department of Chemistry Presidency College Department of Physics L.N.Govt.College Department of Material science Engineering National Chiao Tung University

single crystals of β-Naphthol （/3N）, an organic nonlinear optical （NLO） material was successfully grown by temperature lowering method using chloroform as solvent. The initial compound was purified by repeated recrystallization process. As-grown crystals were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction （XRD） studies to ascertain that βN crystal crystallized in the monoclinic system with a noncemtrosymmetric space group. Vibrational frequencies of various functional groups in the crystals were derived from Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） spectrum. Optical characterization was done using UV-Visible near-infrared （NIR） spectroscopy. The thermal behaviour of the material was studied by thermo gravimetric and differential thermal plots. scanning electron microscopy （sEM） study was carried out on the surface of the grown crystals to investigate the nature of defects in the crystal surface and the NLO property of the crystal was tested by Nd：YAG laser as a source.

关键词： Crystal growth Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy Nonlinear optical crystal scanning electron microscopy (sEM)

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Husbandry practices and gut health outcomes in weaned piglets:A review

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第3期3卷 205-211页

作者： Balachandar jayaraman Charles M.Nyachoti Department of Animal sciences University of Manitoba

The immediate post-weaning period is one of the most stressful phases in a pig's life, and during this period, piglets are usually exposed to environmental, social and psychological stressors which have direct or indirect effects on gut health and overall growth performance. In this review, the impact of husbandry practices on gut health outcomes and performance of piglets is discussed. Husbandry practices in the swine barn generally include nutrition and management practices, maintenance of hygienic standards and disease prevention protocols, and animal welfare considerations. Poor husbandry practices could result in reduced feed intake, stress and disease conditions, and consequently affect gut health and performance in weaned piglets. Reduced feed intake is a major risk factor for impaired gut structure and function and therefore a key goal is to maximize feed intake in newly weaned piglets. In weaned piglets, crowding stress could reduce pig performance, favor the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria resulting in diarrhea, stimulate immune responses and interfere with beneficial microbial activities in the gut. sanitation conditions in the swine barn plays an important role for optimal piglet performance, because unclean conditions reduced growth performance, shifted nutrient requirements to support the immune system and negatively affected the gut morphology in weaned piglets. Appropriate biosecurity measures need to be designed to prevent disease entry and spread within a swine operation,which in turn helps to keep all pigs and piglets healthy. Collectively, husbandry practices relating to feeding and nutrition, animal welfare, biosecurity and disease prevention are important determinants of gut health and piglet performance. Thus, it is suggested that adopting high husbandry practices is a critical piece in strategies aimed at raising pigs without the use of in-feed antibiotics.

关键词： Gut health Husbandry practices Weaned piglets

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Laparoscopic pancreatectomy: Indications and outcomes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第39期20卷 14246-14254页

作者： shuyin Liang Usmaan Hameed shiva jayaraman Division of General surgery University of Toronto Toronto ON M6R1B5 Canada Division of General surgery HPB Service St.Joseph’s Health Centre Toronto Toronto ON M6R1B5 Canada

The application of minimally invasive approaches to pancreatic resection for benign and malignant diseases has been growing in the last two decades. studies have demonstrated that laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) is feasible and safe, and many of them show that compared to open distal pancreatectomy, LDP has decreased blood loss and length of hospital stay, and equivalent post-operative complication rates and short-term oncologic outcomes. LDP is becoming the procedure of choice for benign or small low-grade malignant lesions in the distal pancreas. Minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD) has not yet been widely adopted. There is no clear evidence in favor of MIPD over open pancreaticoduodenectomy in operative time, blood loss, length of stay or rate of complications. Robotic surgery has recently been applied to pancreatectomy, and many of the advantages of laparoscopy over open surgery have been observed in robotic surgery. Laparoscopic enucleation is considered safe for patients with small, benign or low-grade malignant lesions of the pancreas that is amenable to parenchyma-preserving procedure. As surgeons’ experience with advanced laparoscopic and robotic skills has been growing around the world, new innovations and breakthrough in minimally invasive pancreatic procedures will evolve.

关键词： Laparoscopy Distal pancreatectomy Pancreaticoduodenectomy Robotic pancreatectomy Enucleation

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Thymoquinone inhibits the migration of mouse neuroblastoma(Neuro-2a) cells by down-regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2016年第12期14卷 904-912页

作者： Arumugam Paramasivam subramanian Raghunandhakumar Jayaseelan Vijayashree Priyadharsini Gopalswamy jayaraman Department of Genetics Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences University of Madras Sekkizhar campusTaramani Chennai-600113 India Department of Biochemistry University of Madras Guindy Campus Chennai-600025 India

Thymoquinone(TQ), an active component derived from the medial plant Nigella sativa, has been used for medical purposes for more than 2 000 years. Recent studies have reported that TQ blocked angiogenesis in animal model and reduced migration, adhesion, and invasion of glioblastoma cells. We have recently shown that TQ could exhibit a potent cytotoxic effect and induce apoptosis in mouse neuroblastoma(Neuro-2a) cells. In the present study, TQ treatment markedly decreased the adhesion and migration of Neuro-2a cells. TQ down-regulated MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein expression and m RNA levels and their activities. Furthermore, TQ significantly down-regulated the protein expression of transcription factor NF-κB(p65) but not significantly altered the expression of N-Myc. Taken together, our data indicated that TQ's inhibitory effect on the migration of Neuro-2a cells was mediated through the suppression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression, suggesting that TQ treatment can be a promising therapeutic strategy for human malignant neuroblastoma.

关键词： Thymoquinone Neuroblastoma Migration NF-κB MMP-2

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Forecasting the Municipal solid Waste Using GsO-XGBoost Model

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Intelligent Automation & soft Computing 2023年第7期37卷 301-320页

作者： Vaishnavi jayaraman Arun Raj Lakshminarayanan saravanan Parthasarathy Asuganthy B.s.Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of science and Technology GST RoadVandalurChennai600048Tamil NaduIndia Pondicherry University Chinna KalapetKalapetPuducherry605014India

Waste production rises in tandem with population growth and increased *** indecorous disposal of waste paves the way for huge disaster named as climate *** National Environment Agency(NEA)of singapore oversees the sustainable management of waste across the *** three main contributors to the solid waste of singapore are paper and cardboard(P&C),plastic,and food ***,they have a negligible rate of *** this study,Machine Learning techniques were utilized to forecast the amount of garbage also known as waste *** waste audit would aid the authorities to plan their waste *** applied models were k-nearest neighbors,support Vector Regressor,ExtraTrees,CatBoost,and *** XGBoost model with its default parameters performed better with a lower Mean Absolute Percentage Error(MAPE)of 8.3093(P&C waste),8.3217(plastic waste),and 6.9495(food waste).However,Grid search Optimization(GsO)was used to enhance the parameters of the XGBoost model,increasing its ***,the optimized XGBoost algorithm performs the best for P&C,plastics,and food waste with MAPE of 4.9349,6.7967,and 5.9626,*** proposed GsO-XGBoost model yields better results than the other employed models in predicting municipal solid waste.

关键词： Waste management municipal solid waste grid search optimization XGBoost machine learning sustainability

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A solar reactor for bio-diesel production from Pongamia oil: studies on transesterfication process parameters and energy efficiency

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第12期34卷 218-224页

作者： subbaiyan Naveen Kannappan Panchamoorthy Gopinath Rajagopal Malolan Ramesh sai jayaraman Krishnan Aakriti Jayaseelan Arun Department of Chemical Engineering SSN College of EngineeringKalavakkam 603110India Centre for Waste Management International Research CentreSathyabama Institute of Science and TechnologyJeppiaar Nagar(OMR)Chennai 600119India

Over exploitation of non-renewable energy reserves will lead to increase in price of petroleum *** there is a need for suitable and sustainable substitutes(renewable resource) for conventional *** this study,an efficient and environmental friendly method for production of bio-diesel from Pongamia(Karanja) oil has been developed using a solar *** the experimental study,the maximum temperature attained by the pongamia oil during the transesterification process was 64.1℃.The transesterification reaction was studied by varying different parameters such as reactant flow rate(5-20 L·h^(-1)),stirring speed(150-450 r·min^(-1)),catalyst mass loading(0.5%-2%) and methanol to oil ratio(3:1 to15:1).The maximum biodiesel yield was 83.11% at a flow rate of 5 L·h^(-1),stirring speed of 350 r·min^(-1),a methanol to oil ratio of 15:1,catalyst mass loading of 1% and reaction time of 270 *** physical and chemical properties of biodiesel was analyzed as per American society for Testing Materials(AsTM) standards and it had density of 938 kg·m^(-3),viscosity(28.7×10^(-6) m~2·s^(-1)),acid value(9.45 mg KOH·(g oil)^(-1))and flash point(215℃).The energy efficiency of solar heating process was determined by comparing the net energy ratio of direct heating process and solar heating *** solar heating the net energy ratio(NER) was found to be 31.85 against 5.73 for direct ***,net energy efficiency index was calculated for 10 kg production scale and was found to be increasing when scaled up which means that the solar heating process is more effective even in scaled up production.

关键词： Biodiesel Biofuel solar energy Optimization Pongamia oil solar reactor

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Anticancer activity of sargassum wightii Greville on Dalton's ascitic lymphoma

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2014年第2期12卷 114-120页

作者： Ashwini Anjana K.F.H Nazeer Ahamed V.Ravichandiran M.sumithra jayaraman Anbu Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (VISTAS) Vel’s University Department of Pharmacognosy School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (VISTAS) Vel’s University

AIM: sargassum wightii Greville is a marine brown alga belonging to the sargassaceae family which has about 200 species. The ethanolic extract of the whole dry plant powder contained numerous phytoconstituents, including flavonoids. The study was focused on the anticancer activity of sargassum wightii in mice. METHOD: The ethanolic extract of sargassum wightii(EEsW) at two dose levels was used to examine the anticancer activity in mice using DAL cell lines to induce cancer. The body weight, viable and non-viable tumor cell count, mean survival time, increase in life span, and hematological parameters were observed for anticancer activity of EEsW. REsULTs: The intraperitoneal inoculation of DAL cells in mice significantly increased cancer cell count. The decrease in the cancer cell number observed in the EEsW-treated group cancer animals indicates that the test drug has a significant inhibitory effect on the tumor cell proliferation. Treatment with EEsW also showed a significant decrease in tumor weight, and hence increased the lifespan of DAL-treated mice. In addition, EEsW administration significantly restored the hematological parameters in DAL-treated mice. CONCLUsION: The present study results suggest that administration of extract offers enhanced antioxidant potential. Therefore it can be concluded from this study that EEsW possesses anticancer activity.

关键词： Cancer sargassum wightii Greville Brown alga Dalton ascitic lymphoma Flavonoids Trypan blue assay

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