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Artificial intelligence-assisted repair of peripheral nerve injury: a new research hotspot and associated challenges

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 663-670页

作者： Yang Guo Liying sun Wenyao Zhong nan Zhang Zongxuan Zhao Wen Tian Department of Hand surgery Beijing Jishuitan HospitalBeijingChina

Artificial intelligence can be indirectly applied to the repair of peripheral nerve ***,it can be used to analyze and process data regarding peripheral nerve injury and repair,while study findings on peripheral nerve injury and repair can provide valuable data to enrich artificial intelligence *** investigate advances in the use of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis,rehabilitation,and scientific examination of peripheral nerve injury,we used Citespace and VOsviewer software to analyze the relevant literature included in the Web of science from 1994–*** identified the following research hotspots in peripheral nerve injury and repair:(1)diagnosis,classification,and prognostic assessment of peripheral nerve injury using neuroimaging and artificial intelligence techniques,such as corneal confocal microscopy and coherent anti-stokes Raman spectroscopy;(2)motion control and rehabilitation following peripheral nerve injury using artificial neural networks and machine learning algorithms,such as wearable devices and assisted wheelchair systems;(3)improving the accuracy and effectiveness of peripheral nerve electrical stimulation therapy using artificial intelligence techniques combined with deep learning,such as implantable peripheral nerve interfaces;(4)the application of artificial intelligence technology to brain-machine interfaces for disabled patients and those with reduced mobility,enabling them to control devices such as networked hand prostheses;(5)artificial intelligence robots that can replace doctors in certain procedures during surgery or rehabilitation,thereby reducing surgical risk and complications,and facilitating postoperative *** artificial intelligence has shown many benefits and potential applications in peripheral nerve injury and repair,there are some limitations to this technology,such as the consequences of missing or imbalanced data,low data accuracy and reproducibility,and ethical issues(e.g.,privac

关键词： artificial intelligence artificial prosthesis medical-industrial integration brain-machine interface deep learning machine learning networked hand prosthesis neural interface neural network neural regeneration peripheral nerve

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Mns–MnO heterogeneous nanocube@N,s-doped carbon as a highly efficient bifunctional water splitting electrocatalyst

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 1977-1988页

作者： Xue-Qian Wang Xiang-Ying Ma Wang-Zhi Wu Hui-Bing He nan-nan Wang Ren-Ji Zheng shao-Jian Ma Yan-Qiu Zhu Pei-Kang shen Jin-Liang Zhu school of Resources Environment and MaterialsState Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-Cycle Safety for Composite StructuresCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi MinzuUniversity Nanning 530006 China school of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

A stable,efficient,and economical bifunctional electrolytic catalyst would be incredibly beneficial for the development of hydrogen production by electrocatalytic water *** this study,we synthesized a novel Mns–MnO heterogeneous nanocube@N,s-doped carbon(Mns–MnO@NsC).Mns–MnO nanocubes possess rich heterogeneous interfaces and plentiful catalytic active sites to promote electrochemical reactions,while the N,s-doped carbon shell possesses excellent conductivity and catalytic properties and protects the ***–MnO@NsC exhibited excellent electrochemical properties as an effective bifunctional electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in KOH *** the HER,the overpotential was as low as 124 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2)while in the OER,it was only 340 mV at 100 mA·cm^(-2)under the same *** addition,a Mns–MnO@NsC||Mns–MnO@NsC electrolyzer exhibited almost comparable activity and higher steadiness than those exhibited by the state-of-the-art Pt/C||RuO_(2)/C system for full water splitting in KOH solution.

关键词： Manganese sulfide Manganese oxide Doped carbon Heterogeneous nanocube Water splitting

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A homing rescue gene drive with multiplexed gRNAs reaches high frequency in cage populations but generates functional resistance

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第8期51卷 836-843页

作者： shibo Hou Jingheng Chen Ruobing Feng Xuejiao Xu nan Liang Jackson Champer Center for Bioinformatics Center for Life SciencesSchool of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

CRIsPR homing gene drives have considerable potential for managing populations of medically and agriculturally significant *** operate by Cas9 cleavage followed by homology-directed repair,copying the drive allele to the wild-type chromosome and thus increasing in frequency and spreading throughout a ***,resistance alleles formed by end-joining repair pose a significant *** address this,we create a homing drive targeting the essential hairy gene in Drosophila *** resistance alleles are recessive lethal,while drive carriers have a recoded“rescue”version of *** drive inheritance rate is moderate,and multigenerational cage studies show drive spread to 96%–97%of the ***,the drive does not reach 100%due to the formation of functional resistance alleles despite using four *** alleles have a large deletion but likely utilize an alternate start ***,revised designs targeting more essential regions of a gene may be necessary to avoid such functional *** of the rescue element’s native 3'UTR with a homolog from another species increases drive inheritance by 13%–24%.This was possibly because of reduced homology between the rescue element and surrounding genomic DNA,which could also be an important design consideration for rescue gene drives.

关键词： Genedrive Homing drive Rescueelement Population modification Multiplexed gRNAs Resistance alleles Cage study

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Molecular phylogenetic relationships based on mitochondrial genomes of novel deep-sea corals(Octocorallia:Alcyonacea):Insights into slow evolution and adaptation to extreme deep-sea environments

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 215-225页

作者： Zhan-Fei Wei Kai-Wen Ta nan-nan Zhang shan-shan Liu Liang Meng Kai-Qiang Liu Chong-Yang Cai Xiao-Tong Peng Chang-Wei shao National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and sustainable Goods Yellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesQingdaoShandong 266071China BGI-Qingdao BGI-ShenzhenQingdaoShandong 266555China Institute of Deep-sea science and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesSanyaHainan 572000China

A total of 10 specimens of Alcyonacea corals were collected at depths ranging from 905 m to 1633 m by the manned submersible shenhai Yongshi during two cruises in the south China sea(sCs).Based on mitochondrial genomic characteristics,morphological examination,and sclerite scanning electron microscopy,the samples were categorized into four suborders(Calcaxonia,Holaxonia,scleraxonia,and stolonifera),and identified as 9 possible new cold-water coral *** of GC-skew dissimilarity,phylogenetic distance,and average nucleotide identity(ANI)revealed a slow evolutionary rate for the octocoral mitochondrial *** nonsynonymous(Ka)to synonymous(Ks)substitution ratio(Ka/Ks)suggested that the 14 protein-coding genes(PCGs)were under purifying selection,likely due to specific deep-sea environmental *** analysis of the median Ka/Ks values of five gene families and environmental factors indicated that the genes encoding cytochrome b(cyt b)and DNA mismatch repair protein(muts)may be influenced by environmental factors in the context of deep-sea species *** study highlights the slow evolutionary pace and adaptive mechanisms of deep-sea corals.

关键词： Mitochondrial genome Alcyonacea Ka/Ks evolution Environmental factors

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Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) as a prognostic biomarker in multiple tumors and its therapeutic potential in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

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Oncology Research 2024年第8期32卷 1323-1334页

作者： RUIFANG LI XINRONG nan MING LI OMAR RAHHAL school of stomatology Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan030001China Department of stomatology The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan030001China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery Xiangya Stomatology HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha410005China

Background:Fibroblast activation protein(FAP),a cell surface serine protease,plays roles in tumor invasion and immune ***,there is currently no pan-cancer analysis of ***:We aimed to assess the pan-cancer expression proﬁle of FAP,its molecular function,and its potential role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNsC).Methods:We analyzed gene expression,survival status,immune inﬁltration,and molecular functional pathways of FAP in The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)and Genotype Tissue Expression(GTEx)***,to elucidate the role of FAP in HNsC,we performed proliferation,migration,and invasion assays post-FAP overexpression or ***:FAP expression was elevated in nine tumor types and was associated with poor survival in eight of *** the context of immune inﬁltration,FAP expression negatively correlated with CD8+T-cell inﬁltration inﬁve tumor types and positively with regulatory T-cell inﬁltration in four tumor *** enrichment analysis highlighted FAP’s involvement in the PI3K-Akt signaling *** HNsC cells,FAP overexpression activated the PI3K-Akt pathway,promoting tumor proliferation,migration,and ***,FAP knockdown showed inhibitory ***:Our study unveils the association of FAP with poor tumor prognosis across multiple cancers and highlights its potential as a therapeutic target in HNsC.

关键词： FAP Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma Cancer Prognosis Tumor microenvironment Molecular function

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Diverse responses of fungal functional groups to desertification in forest soils of Pinus densata on the Chinese Tibetan plateau

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第5期35卷 120-130页

作者： Jiani Hua Jiangbao Zhang Baohan song Tianyi Wang Jingji Li nan Yang Lingfeng Mao Co-Innovation Center for sustainable Forestry in southern China Laboratory of Biodiversity and ConservationCollege of Ecology and EnvironmentNanjing Forestry University210037 NanjingPeople’s Republic of China Institute of Ecological Resources and Landscape Architecture Chengdu University of Technology610059 ChengduPeople’s Republic of China

Rapid increase in desertification is an environ-mental concern,especially for the health and sustainabil-ity of ecosystems in changing *** ecosystems respond to such changes may be partially understood by studying interactions and performance of critically impor-tant groups such as soil fungi functional *** study investigated variations in diversities of three soil fungi functional guilds(saprotrophic,symbiotic,pathogenic)and influencing abiotic factors in a Pinus densata forest on the southeast Tibetan Plateau where desertification is *** results indicate desertification significantly decreased the proportion of dominant fungal guild-symbiotic fungi(mean relative abundance decreasing from 97.0%to 68.3%),in contrast to saprotrophic fungi(increasing from 2.7%to 25.7%)and pathogenic(from 0.3%to 5.9%).soil pH had the most significant impact on fungal community structure and negatively correlated with symbiotic fungal richness,which was significantly lower in arid soils,and positively correlated with saprotrophic and pathogenic fungal alpha-diversity,which were *** community struc-tures and regulators of the three fungi communities were observed,with pH,total phosphorus and ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))as the main *** study links the biotic and abi-otic components during desertification and the interactions between them,and may be used as indicators of ecosystem health and for amendments to mitigate the effects of a chang-ing climate.

关键词： Desertification Fungal diversity saprotrophs Ectomycorrhizal fungi Climate change

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Acupuncture for obesity and related diseases:Insight for regulating neural circuit

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第2期22卷 93-101页

作者： Lin-yan Jiang Jun Tian Ya-nan Yang shao-hui Jia Qing shu Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Zhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071Hubei ProvinceChina school of sports Medicine Wuhan Sports UniversityWuhan 430079Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine China Resources&Wu Gang General HospitalWuhan 430080Hubei ProvinceChina

Obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair *** is associated with numerous pathological changes including insulin resistance,fatty liver,hyperlipidemias,and other obesity-related *** comorbidities comprise a significant public health *** anti-obesity drugs have been limited by side effects that include depression,suicidal thoughts,cardiovascular complications and *** treatment has been shown to be effective for treating obesity and obesity-related conditions,while avoiding side ***,the mechanisms of acupuncture in treating obesity-related diseases,especially its effect on neural circuits,are not well understood.A growing body of research has studied acupuncture’s effects on the endocrine system and other mechanisms related to the regulation of neural *** this article,recent research that was relevant to the use of acupuncture to treat obesity and obesity-related diseases through the neuroendocrine system,as well as some neural circuits involved,was *** on this,acupuncture’s potential ability to regulate neural circuits and its mechanisms of action in the endocrine system were reviewed,leading to a deeper mechanistic understanding of acupuncture’s effects and providing insight and direction for future research about obesity.

关键词： Obesity Acupuncture Neural circuit Appetite Energy metabolism

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A New Kind of Atomic Force Microscopy scan Control Enabled by Artificial Intelligence:Concept for Achieving Tip and sample safety Through Asymmetric Control

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nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2024年第2期7卷 50-59页

作者： Johannes Degenhardt Mohammed Wassim Bounaim nan Deng Rainer Tutsch Gaoliang Dai Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Bundesallee 10038116 BrunswickGermany Institut Für Prozessmess-und sensortechnik Technische Universität Ilmenau EhrenbergstraBe 2998693 IlmenauGermany Institute of Production Metrology TU Braunschweig SchleinitzstraBe 2038106 BrunswickGermany

This paper introduces a paradigm shift in atomic force microscope(AFM)scan control,leveraging an artificial intelligence(AI)-based *** contrast to conventional control methods,which either show a limited performance,such as proportional integral differential(PID)control,or which purely focus on mathematical optimality as classical optimal control approaches,our proposed AI approach redefines the objective of control for achieving practical *** presented AI controller minimizes the root-mean-square control deviations in routine scans by a factor of about 4 compared to PID control in the presented setup and also showcases a distinctive asymmetric response in complex situations,prioritizing the safety of the AFM tip and sample instead of the lowest possible control *** development and testing of the AI control concept are performed on simulated AFM scans,demonstrating its huge potential.

关键词： Atomic force microscopy Artificial intelligence Deep reinforcement learning Optimal control

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Carbon coated LaFe_(0.92)Pd_(0.08)O_(3) composites for catalytic transfer hydrogenation:Balance in the ability of substrates adsorption and conversion

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nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3724-3732页

作者： Bowen Wang nan Zhang Ping Xiao Jian Zhang sónia A.C.Carabineiro Junjiang Zhu Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing&Finishing College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringWuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200China College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China LAQV-REQUIMTE Department of ChemistryNOVA School of Science and TechnologyUniversidade NOVA de LisboaLargo da Torre2829-516 CaparicaPortugal

Catalytic transfer hydrogenation(CTH)is a green and efficient pathway for selective hydrogenation of unsaturated aldehydes and ***,managing the abilities of solid catalysts to adsorb substrates and to convert them into desired products is a challenging ***,we report the synthesis of carbon coated LaFe_(0.92)Pd_(0.08)O_(3) composites(LFPO-8@C)for CTH of benzaldehyde(BzH)into benzyl alcohol(BzOH),using isopropanol(IPA)as hydrogen *** coating with carbon improves the ability to adsorb/transfer reactants from solution to active sites,and the doping of Pd2+at Fe3+site strengthens the ability of LaFeO_(3) to convert BzH into BzOH.A balanced point between them(i.e.,abilities to adsorb BzH and to convert BzH into BzOH)is obtained at LFPO-8@C,which exhibits a BzOH formation rate of 3.88 mmol·gcat^(-1)·h^(-1) at 180℃ for 3 h,which is 1.50 and 2.72 times faster than those of LFPO-8 and LaFeO_(3)@C.A reaction mechanism is proposed,in which the acidic sites(e.g.,Fe^(4+),oxygen vacancy)are used for the activation of C=O bond of BzH and O-H bond of IPA,and the basic sites(e.g.,lattice oxygen)for the activation ofα-H(O-H)bond of IPA.

关键词： LaFe_(0.92)Pd_(0.08)O_(3) porous carbon catalytic transfer hydrogenation isopropanol reaction mechanism

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Delayed diagnosis in inflammatory bowel disease:Time to consider solutions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第35期30卷 3954-3958页

作者： Hao Lv Hao-Yu Li Hao-nan Zhang Yang Liu Department of General surgery Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated HospitalXi'an 710004Shaanxi ProvinceChina

In this editorial,we discuss a recently published manuscript by Blüthner et al in the World Journal of Gastroenterology,with a specific focus on the delayed diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).IBD,which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis,is a chronic intestinal disorder.A time lag may exist between the onset of inflammation and the appearance of signs and symptoms,potentially leading to an incorrect or delayed diagnosis,a situation referred to as the delayed diagnosis of *** diagnosis is crucial for effective patient treatment and prognosis,yet delayed diagnosis remains *** reasons for delayed diagnosis of IBD are numerous and not yet fully *** key factor is the nonspecific nature of IBD symptoms,which can easily be mistaken for other ***,the lack of specific diagnostic methods for IBD contributes to these *** diagnosis of IBD can result in numerous adverse consequences,including increased intestinal damage,fibrosis,a higher risk of colorectal cancer,and a decrease in the quality of life of the ***,it is essential to diagnose IBD promptly by raising physician awareness,enhancing patient education,and developing new diagnostic methods.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Delayed diagnosis Diagnostic methods Early diagnosis Consequences of inflammatory bowel disease

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