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standardization of choroidal thickness measurements using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第3期8卷 484-491页

作者： Nattapon Boonarpha Yalin Zheng Alexandros N.stangos Huiqi Lu Ankur Raj Gabriela Czanner s.mon p.harding Jayashree Nair-sahni Department of Eye and Vision science Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease University of Liverpool st.paul's Eye Unit Royal Liverpool University Hospital Department of Biostatistics University of Liverpool

AIM: To describe and evaluate a standardized protocol for measuring the choroidal thickness(Ch T) using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography(EDI OCT).METHODs: single 9 mm EDI OCT line scans across the fovea were used for this study. The protocol used in this study classified the EDI OCT images into four groups based on the appearance of the choroidal-scleral interface and suprachoroidal space. Two evaluation iterations of experiments were performed: first, the protocol was validated in a pilot study of 12 healthy eyes. Afterwards, the applicability of the protocol was tested in 82 eyes of patients with diabetes. Inter-observer and intra-observer agreements on image classifications were performed using Cohen’s kappa coefficient(κ). Intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) and Bland-Altman’s methodology were used for the measurement of the Ch ***: There was a moderate(κ=0.42) and perfect(κ =1) inter- and intra-observer agreements on image classifications from healthy eyes images and substantial(κ =0.66) and almost perfect(κ =0.86) agreements from diabetic eyes images. The proposed protocol showed excellent inter- and intra-observer agreements for the Ch T measurements on both, healthy eyes and diabetic eyes(ICC >0.90 in all image categories). The Bland-Altman plot showed a relatively large Ch T measurement agreement in the scans that contained less visible choroidal outer boundary. CONCLUsION: A protocol to standardize Ch T measurements in EDI OCT images has been developed;the results obtained using this protocol show that the technique is accurate and reliable for routine clinical practice and research.

关键词： choroid enhanced depth imaging choroidal thickness optical coherence tomography diabetes

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Overview of genetic signaling pathway interactions within cutaneous malignancies

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2020年第1期6卷 440-479页

作者： Brittany s.Maner Leonie Dupuis Ashley su Jeremy J Jueng Tanner p.harding John Meisenheimer Ⅶ Fahad s.siddiqui Mia R.Hardack savina Aneja James A.solomon Ross University school of Medicine MiramarFL 33027USA Ameriderm Research Ormond BeachFL 32174USA University of Central Florida College of Medicine OrlandoFL 32827USA University of south Florida Morsani College of Medicine TampaFL 33612USA Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine DothanAL 36303USA Advanced Dermatology and Cosmetic surgery OrlandoFL 32806USA Florida state University College of Medicine OrlandoFL 32304USA Kansas City University of Medicine&Biosciences Kansas CityMO 64106USA Carle-Illinois College of Medicine UrbanaIL 61820USA

Melanoma and non-melanoma cutaneous malignancies are some of the leading causes of cancer-related death in the United *** melanoma is more known to have a high mortality rate,the total mortality per year is nearly equal for between melanoma and non-melanoma skin ***,the non-melanoma types of cutaneous malignancies have potential to become locally invasive and even metastasize with very little to no treatment options when *** development of these malignancies involves various genetic pathways through the four hallmarks of cancer development:malignant cell growth,apoptosis evasion,the use of supporting stroma and vascularization,and modulating and promoting an inadequate immune *** genetic signaling pathways of basal cell carcinoma,squamous cell carcinoma,verrucous carcinoma,basosquamous cell carcinoma,melanoma,and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma interact with each other through genetic predisposition as well as with environmental ***,solar ultraviolet radiation and chronic inflammatory states are found to initiate the progression of many of these cutaneous *** paper includes validated models of genetic pathways,emerging pathways,and crosstalk between genetic pathways through the four hallmarks of cancer ***,unlike most reviews addressing oncogenetics of the well-recognized,as well as newly discovered,genetic pathway mutations,this review stresses that these pathways are not fixed but rather exist in dynamic,interrelated,interactive,complex,and adaptive flux states.

关键词： Basal cell carcinoma squamous cell carcinoma verrucous carcinoma basosquamous cell carcinoma melanoma cutaneous T-cell lymphoma genetic pathways cancer hallmarks

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Characterization of Macro-and Meso-scale shear Behavior of soil-Brick Mixtures with Different Contents and shapes of Brick by Discrete Element Method

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Journal of Earth science 2023年第5期34卷 1641-1644页

作者： Huawei Zhang Changdong Li Ni Xie Wenmin Yao Yang Ye Nang mon mon Thaw Faculty of Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Badong National Observation and Research station of Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China school of Civil Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Geology Department Taunggyi UniversityTaunggyi 06011Myanmar

Due to urban construction and renovation projects,a large amount of construction and demolition waste(CDW)is increasing year by year in *** them,soil-brick mixture(sBM)is most widely landfilled because many older brick buildings were constructed in the last century(Zhang et al.,2022;Xu et al.,2021).since the sBM is composed of two kinds of geotechnical materials,its mechanical properties are more complex than those of the single *** depend not only on the mechanical properties of the individual components such as soil and brick,but also on the relative content of these components and the shape of the coarse particles(Zhu et al.,2021).The shear properties of sBM directly affect the stability of slope and paving engineering;therefore,it is significant to study the mechanical properties of sBM.

关键词： material shear soil

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physicochemical characterization of forest and sugarcane leaf combustion’s particulate matters using electron microscopy,EDs,XRD and TGA

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2021年第1期33卷 296-310页

作者： Hay mon Oo preechar Karin Nuwong Chollacoop Katsunori Hanamura Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's Institute of Technology LadkrabangBangkok 10520Thailand National Metal and Materials Technology Center National Science and Technology Development AgencyPathum Thani 12120Thailand school of Engineering Tokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyo 152-8552Japan

physical characteristics and quantitative elemental composition of pM and residual ash produced from sugarcane leaves(sCL)combustion were investigated using TEM-EDs compared with forest leaves(FRL).sEM-EDs was used to analyze the microstructure and chemical composition of biomass raw leaves and *** analysis was also performed to investigate the characterization of the crystalline nanostructure,structure of pM,and residual ash compared to the TEM image processing *** oxidation kinetics of biomass raw materials,pM,and residual ash were investigated by *** morphology of fine and ultrafine agglomerate structure of sCL soot and residual ash are not significantly different from the FRL soot and residual *** average diameter sizes of single primary nanoparticles of sCL and FRL soot are approximately 37 nm and 35 nm,while the sizes of residual ash are about 18 nm and 22 nm,*** single primary nanoparticles of soot are mainly composed of curve line crystallites of carbon fringes,while residual ash is composed of straightline lattice *** average fringe lengths of sCL and FRL soot are about 1.25 nm and 1.04 nm from the outer shell and 0.89 nm and 0.74 nm from the inner *** interlayer spacing of curve line carbon fringes of sCL and FRL soot is approximately 0.359 nm and 0.362 nm by the TEM image analysis and it was matched with XRD *** biomass pMs are mainly composed of soot,si,Ca,and K compounds:siO_(2),CaCO3,and KCl.

关键词： Biomass combustion particulate matter soot Ashes TEM XRD TGA

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The neutron star zoo

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Frontiers of physics 2013年第6期8卷 679-692页

作者： Alice K. harding Astrophysics science Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD 20771 USA

Neutron stars are a very diverse population, both in their observational and their physical properties. They prefer to radiate most of their energy at X-ray and gamma-ray wavelengths. But whether their emission is powered by rotation, accretion, heat, magnetic fields or nuclear reactions, they are all different species of the same animal whose magnetic field evolution and interior composition remain a mystery. This article will broadly review the properties of inhabitants of the neutron star zoo, with emphasis on their high-energy emission.

关键词： stars neutron stars pulsars binary stars

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How Can practitioners support Citizen Volunteers in Disaster Risk Reduction?Insight from“Good and Ready”in Aotearoa New Zealand

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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2024年第3期15卷 374-387页

作者： Loïc Le Dé steve Ronoh Ei mon Thinn Kyu Brigitte Rive school of public Health and Interdisciplinary studies Auckland University of TechnologyAuckland2025New Zealand pacific Health Research Centre Auckland University of TechnologyAuckland2025New Zealand New Zealand Red Cross Auckland2241New Zealand

Global and national policy frameworks emphasize the importance of people's participation and volunteers'role in disaster risk *** research has extensively focused on volunteers in disaster response and recovery,less attention has been paid on how organizations involved in disaster risk management can support volunteers in leading and coordinating communitybased disaster risk *** 2019,the New Zealand Red Cross piloted the Good and Ready initiative in Auckland,Aotearoa New Zealand,with the objective to empower local people in resilience building with a focus on volunteers and community *** research examined the positive and negative outcomes of Good and Ready and investigated volunteers'experiences in the disaster resilience *** involved the codesign of a questionnaire-based survey using participatory methods with Good and Ready volunteers,the dissemination of the survey to gather volunteers'viewpoints,and a focus group discussion with participatory activities with Red Cross *** findings highlight that a key challenge lies in finding a balance between a program that provides flexibility to address contextual issues and fosters communities'ownership,versus a prescriptive and standardized approach that leaves little room for creativity and *** pinpoints that supporting volunteers with technical training is critical but that soft skills training such as coordinating,communicating,or facilitating activities at the local level are *** concludes that the sustainability of Good and Ready requires understanding and meeting volunteers'motivations and expectations and that enhancing partnerships with local emergency management agencies would strengthen the program.

关键词： Community-based approach Disaster risk reduction New Zealand participation Volunteers

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A comprehensive look at the psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology of spinal cord injury and its progression: mechanisms and clinical opportunities

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 228-267页

作者： Miguel A.Ortega Oscar Fraile-Martinez Cielo García-montero sergio Haro Miguel Ángel Álvarez-mon Diego De Leon-Oliva Ana M.Gomez-Lahoz Jorge monserrat Mar Atienza-pérez David Díaz Elisa Lopez-Dolado Melchor Álvarez-mon Department of Medicine and Medical specialities University of Alcala28801 Alcala de HenaresSpain Ramón y Cajal Institute of sanitary Research(IRYCIs) 28034 MadridSpain Department of psychiatry and Mental Health Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor28031 MadridSpain service of Rehabilitation National Hospital for Paraplegic PatientsCarr.de la PeraledaS/N45004 ToledoSpain Immune system Diseases‑Rheumatology service and Internal Medicine University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias(CIBEREHD)28806 Alcala de HenaresSpain

spinal cord injury(sCI)is a devastating and disabling medical condition generally caused by a traumatic event(primary injury).This initial trauma is accompanied by a set of biological mechanisms directed to ameliorate neural damage but also exacerbate initial damage(secondary injury).The alterations that occur in the spinal cord have not only local but also systemic consequences and virtually all organs and tissues of the body incur important changes after sCI,explaining the progression and detrimental consequences related to this ***(pNIE)is a growing area of research aiming to integrate and explore the interactions among the different systems that compose the human organism,considering the mind and the body as a *** initial traumatic event and the consequent neurological disruption trigger immune,endocrine,and multisystem dysfunction,which in turn affect the patient's psyche and *** the present review,we will explore the most important local and systemic consequences of sCI from a pNIE perspective,defining the changes occurring in each system and how all these mechanisms are ***,potential clinical approaches derived from this knowledge will also be collectively presented with the aim to develop integrative therapies to maximize the clinical management of these patients.

关键词： spinal cord injury(sCI) psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology(pNIE) secondary injury Immunoinflammatory dysfunction Gut microbiota Translational opportunities

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Hausdorff dimension of self-similar sets with overlaps

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science China Mathematics 2009年第1期52卷 119-128页

作者： DENG QiRong John harding HU TianYou Department of Mathematics Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China Department of Mathematical sciences New Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNM 88003USA Department of Mathematics University of Wisconsin-Green BayGreen BayWI 54311USA

We provide a simple formula to compute the Hausdorff dimension of the attractor of an overlapping iterated function system of contractive similarities satisfying a certain collection of assumptions. This formula is obtained by associating a non-overlapping infinite iterated function system to an iterated function system satisfying our assumptions and using the results of Moran to compute the Hausdorff dimension of the attractor of this infinite iterated function system, thus showing that the Hausforff dimension of the attractor of this infinite iterated function system agrees with that of the attractor of the original iterated function system. Our methods are applicable to some iterated function systems that do not satisfy the finite type condition recently introduced by Ngai and Wang.

关键词： Hausdorff dimension iterated function system self-similarity 28A78 28A80

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Middle-East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: Is it worth a world panic?

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World Journal of Virology 2015年第3期4卷 185-187页

作者： Ahmed s Abdel-mon-eim Microbiology Department Virology DivisionCollege of MedicineTaif University Virology Department Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBeni-Suef University

In- 2012 Middle-East respiratory syn-drome coron-avirus(MERs-CoV) was evolved in- the Arabian- pen-in-sula. Tre-men-dous an-d successful efforts have been- con-ducted to discover the gen-ome structure, epidemiology, clin-ical sign-s, pathogen-esis, diagn-osis an-d an-tiviral therapy. Taphozous perforatus bats are the in-crimin-ated reservoir host and camels are the currently confirmed an-imal lin-ker. The virus resulted in- less than- 1000 in-fected cases an-d 355 deaths. The case fatality rate of the MERs-Co V is high, however, man-y survivors of MERs-CoV in-fection- showed in-apparen-t in-fection-s an-d, in- several cases, multiple co-in-fectin-g agen-ts did exist. Although MERs-CoV appears to be a dan-gerous disease, it is argued here that a full assessmen-t of curren-t kn-owledge about the disease does n-ot suggest that it is a truly scary killer.

关键词： Coronavirus Camels Disease threat to humans Middle-East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Mortality rate

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Carbon capture,utilization,and storage in Indonesia:An update on storage capacity,current status,economic viability,and policy

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第4期5卷 20-35页

作者： Romal Ramadhan Min Thura mon suparit Tangparitkul Roengchai Tansuchat Dita Audina Agustin Encovy Institute JakartaIndonesia Jackson school of Geosciences The University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Centre of Excellence in Econometrics Faculty of EconomicsChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand Department of Mining and petroleum Engineering Faculty of EngineeringChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand

As part of its climate action policy,Indonesia prioritizes the development of carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUs)*** the necessity of reducing emissions,Indonesia is aggressively implementing novel carbon capture and storage(CCs)*** paper gives a detailed assessment of Indonesia's CCs potential,covering CO_(2) emission profiles,storage capabilities,active projects,economic feasibility,and policy *** plans to cut carbon emissions by 29%by 2030 and reach net zero emissions by *** 15 CCUs projects set to begin by 2026,the government is making tremendous progress toward its *** concept includes pilot projects,feasibility studies,and phased adoption of CCUs using existing oil and gas *** such as Tangguh CO_(2)-EGR and Gundih CCs show how smaller-scale projects may pave the way for larger *** cost assessments show that natural gas processing plants producing high-purity CO_(2) are the most cost-effective for *** developments,such as MEMR February 2023 and presidential Order No.14/2024,highlight the importance of supporting policies in promoting local and international *** advances,there are still gaps in long-term performance data,risk assessments,and economic consequences for industries such as iron,steel,cement,and *** studies should fill these gaps by concentrating on environmental implications,economic viability across several industries,legal and financial obligations,integration with renewable energy sources,and socioeconomic *** efforts among government,business,and academia will be critical for the effective development and deployment of CCUs technology following Indonesia's climate goals.

关键词： Energy transition CCsCCUs Indonesia Climate change

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