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Determination of the standardized ileal digestible calcium requirement of Ross broilers from hatch to day 14 post-hatch

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 122-129页

作者： Carrie l.Walk Raffaella Aureli Pauline Jenn DsM Nutritional Products Delves RoadHeanorDerbyshireDE757SGUnited Kingdom Research Center for Animal Nutrition and Health DSM Nutritional ProductsVillage-Neuf68128France

An experiment was conducted to determine the standardized ileal digestible(sID)calcium requirement of fast-growing broilers from hatch to d 14 *** 308(n=360)male broilers were obtained on day of hatch and allocated to 1 of 5 treatments in battery *** were 6 birds per cage and 12 pens per *** treatments were formulated to contain 0.60%,0.46%,0.32%or 0.18%sID *** final treatment was formulated using total Ca to meet or exceed all nutrient requirements,including 0.90%total Ca and 0.49%non-phytate P(nPP),using the same *** treatment was the reference diet for comparison and validation of the sID Ca *** and feed were weighed at placement and on d *** and ileal contents were obtained on d 14 and excreta was collected per pen and pooled on d *** were analyzed using JMP Pro and requirements were estimated using 3different non-linear regression *** the sID Ca content in the diet from 0.18%to 0.60%improved(quadratic,Plity corrected feed conversion ratio(mFCR).The estimated sID Ca requirement to optimize gain or m FCR was between 0.39%and 0.52%.Tibia ash percent and weight increased(quadratic,Ps sID Ca content in the diet increased and the estimated sID Ca requirement was between 0.32%and 0.58%.Phosphorus utilization was improved in birds fed diets formulated using sID Ca compared with birds fed the reference *** conclusion,the sID Ca requirement of fast-growing broilers from hatch to d 14 was estimated between 0.534%and 0.398%when quadratic,straight-broken line,or quadratic-broken line regressions were *** results agree with previously published data evaluating the sID Ca requirement of fast-growth broilers from hatch to d 10.

关键词： Apparent ileal digestibility Digestible calcium Requirements Retention Tibia ash

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Assessment of portable FTIR and Raman spectroscopy for the detection of 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane(DMDNB)in plastic explosives

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 11-18页

作者： Jacky Cailes Robert Dunsmore Kathryn l.linge ChemCentre PO Box 1250PerthAustralia

The Marplex Convention was established to prevent the manufacture of unmarked plastic explosives and stipulates that a volatile detection agent must be added at the time of ***,to-date,laboratory testing remains the internationally accepted practice for identifying and quantifying the taggants stipulated in the *** this project,portable FTIR and Raman instruments were tested for their ability to detect 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane(DMDNB),the chemical marker incorporated in plastic explosives that are manufactured within *** both FTIR and Raman instruments detected solid DMDNB(98%purity),field analysis of plastic explosives at an Australian Defence establishment showed that both FTIR and Raman spectra were matched the relevant explosive(RDX or PETN),rather than the DMDNB *** all three plastic explosives tested,the concentration of DMDNB was measured by sPME-GC-Ms to be between 1.8 and 2%,greater than the minimum 1%concentration stipulated by the Marplex *** testing with a plastic explosive analogue confirmed that the minor absorption peaks that would characterize low concentrations of DMDNB were masked by absorption bands from other compounds within the ***,while both FTIR and Raman spectroscopy are suitable for detection of plastic explosives,neither rely on the presence of DMDNB for *** is likely that similar results would be found for other taggants stipulated by the Marplex Convention,given they are also present in concentrations less than 1%.

关键词： Explosive ICAO taggants 2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane(DMDNB) Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) Raman

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Relationship between cytokine gene polymorphisms and chronic hepatitis B virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第20期20卷 6226-6235页

作者： semra Tun?bilek Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Ufuk University School of Medicine 06520 Ankara Turkey

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still a public health problem worldwide, being endemic in some parts of the world. It can lead to serious liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular cancer. The differences in host immune response can be one of the reasons for the various clinical presentations of HBV infection. Polymorphisms of genes encoding the proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines, which are responsible for regulation of the immune response, can affect the clinical presentation of the infection. Particularly, the polymorphisms of the genes encoding cytokines such as interleukin (Il)-1, Il-6, Il-8, Il-10, Il-18, Il-28B, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, tumor growth factor-β1, and regulatory molecules like vitamin D receptor and chemokine receptor 5 can be responsible for different clinical presentations of HBV infections. The genomic information about cytokines and other mediators can be important for determining high-risk people for developing chronic hepatitis or hepatocellular cancer and may be used to plan treatment and preventive approaches for these people. In this review, the current knowledge in the literature on the association between cytokine/regulatory molecule gene polymorphisms and clinical course of chronic HBV infection is summarized, and the clinical implementations and future prospects regarding this knowledge are discussed.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Cytokine Polymorphism Chronic hepatitis

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Optimal Control of service Rates of Discrete-Time(s,Q)Queueing-Inventory systems with Finite Buffer

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Journal of systems science and systems Engineering 2024年第3期33卷 261-280页

作者： l.Iniya B.sivakumar G.Arivarignan school of Mathematics Madurai Kamaraj UniversityMaduraiTamilnaduIndia Department of statistics Manonmaniam Sundaranar UniversityTirunelveliTamilnaduIndia

This article,we develop an optimal policy to control the service rate of a discrete time queueing-inventory system with finite *** customers arrive according to a Bernoulli process and the service time for the customers are *** the buffer size attains its maximum,any arriving new customers are considered to be *** customers are served one by one according to FCFs rule and each customers request random number of *** inventory is replenished according to a(s,Q)inventory policy with geometric lead *** main objectives of this article are to determine the service rates to be employed at each slot so that the long run expected cost rate is minimized for fixed inventory level and fixed buffer size and to minimize the expected waiting time for a fixed inventory level and fixed buffer *** problems are modelled as Markov decision *** establish the existence of a stationary policy and employ linear programming method to find the optimal service *** provide some numerical examples to illustrate the behaviour of the model.

关键词： Queueing-inventory system discrete time batch demand-Markov decision process

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science and reflections: With some thoughts to young applied scientists and engineers

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Earthquake science 2024年第5期37卷 459-493页

作者： Robert l Nowack Department of Earth Atmospheric and Planetary SciencesPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47906USA

I provide some science and reflections from my experiences working in geophysics,along with connections to computational and data sciences,including recent developments in machine learning.I highlight several individuals and groups who have influenced me,both through direct collaborations as well as from ideas and insights that I have learned *** my reflections are rooted in geophysics,they should also be relevant to other computational scientific and engineering fields.I also provide some thoughts for young,applied scientists and engineers.

关键词： geophysics computational and data science applied science and engineering

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Experimental clearance rate and intraguild predation of jellyfish Cyanea nozakii

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Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2024年第1期42卷 128-140页

作者： Pengpeng WANG Fang ZHANG song sUN shuguo lÜ CAs Key laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental sciences Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Jiaozhou Bay Marine Ecosystem Research station Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Center for Ocean Mega-science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Institute of Marine Ecology and Environment Hainan Academy of Environmental SciencesHaikou 570100China

Cyanea nozakii,a common jellyfish distributed in offshore China,has a complex trophic relationship with other zooplankton ***,few studies have reported the predation rates and prey selection patterns of *** medusae on different prey *** is also lacking on the intraguild predation of Aurelia coerulea(another common bloom jellyfish in offshore China)by *** address the knowledge gaps,the clearance rates of *** for different prey items,including copepods(smalllarge>1000μm),fish larvae,and gelatinous prey(hydromedusae,*** ephyrae,and chaetognaths),were *** influence of predator size on the clearance rate was also ***,we examined the intraguild predation of *** on *** *** clearance rates of *** varied widely with prey organisms,being independent of prey *** organisms,except for chaetognaths,were captured with considerably high efficiency,followed by fish larvae and copepods,indicating the preferential prey selection of gelatinous organisms by *** clearance rate increased linearly with the cross-sectional area of *** size in medusae may,to some extents,underpin their capacity to capture more prey by increasing the encounter rate and capture success through *** preyed voraciously on *** in high feeding efficiency,but the clearance rate decreased with increasing ***(as prey)*** phenomenon of intraguild predation suggests a speculative hypothesis of potential population regulation of *** by *** information regarding the feeding ecology of *** reported in this study is important for understanding plankton dynamics in marine ecosystems with extensive occurrences of this jellyfish.

关键词： scyphomedusae predation rate gelatinous organisms prey selection feeding mechanism

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Unravelling-based (auto)control of back-action in atomic Bose–Einstein condensate

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第4期19卷 287-295页

作者： V.A.Tomilin l.V.Il’ichov Institute of Automation and Electrometry sB RAs 630090 NovosibirskRussia

We present a novel feedback control method for quantum *** does not affect the controlled system ***,it controls the unravelling of the quantum channel of interaction between the system and its *** interaction can be represented as a history of *** their informational content is changed,their back-action on the system is also *** action is trigged by the events,thus granting the system the degree of control over its own *** efficiency of the proposed scheme is demonstrated on the example of two-mode atomic Bose-Einstein condensate,with one of its modes subject to phase-contrast imaging in a Mach–Zehnder *** histories of photocounts in the output channels of the interferometer are used for *** capabilities of state engineering are studied for different settings of the feedback loop and different numbers of events in the recorded histories.

关键词： quantum feedback control quantum measurements twomode Bose-Einstein condensates

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OptoGPT: A foundation model for inverse design in optical multilayer thin film structures

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第7期7卷 4-16页

作者： Taigao Ma Haozhu Wang l.Jay Guo Department of Physics University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan 48109USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer science University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan 48109USA

Optical multilayer thin film structures have been widely used in numerous photonic ***,existing inverse design methods have many drawbacks because they either fail to quickly adapt to different design targets,or are difficult to suit for different types of structures,e.g.,designing for different materials at each *** methods also cannot accommodate versatile design situations under different angles and *** addition,how to benefit practical fabrications and manufacturing has not been extensively considered *** this work,we introduce OptoGPT(Opto Generative Pretrained Transformer),a decoder-only transformer,to solve all these drawbacks and issues simultaneously.

关键词： multilayer thin film structure inverse design foundation models deep learning structural color

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Conformally symmetric wormhole solutions supported by non-commutative geometry in f(Q,T)gravity

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 111-124页

作者： Chaitra Chooda Chalavadi V Venkatesha N s Kavya s V Divya Rashmi Department of P.G.studies and Research in Mathematics Kuvempu UniversityShankaraghattaShivamogga 577451KarnatakaIndia Department of Mathematics Vidyavardhaka College of EngineeringMysuru—570002India

This paper investigates wormhole solutions within the framework of extended symmetric teleparallel gravity,incorporating non-commutative geometry,and conformal *** achieve this,we examine the linear wormhole model with anisotropic fluid under Gaussian and lorentzian *** primary objective is to derive wormhole solutions while considering the influence of the shape function on model parameters under Gaussian and lorentzian *** resulting shape function satisfies all the necessary conditions for a traversable ***,we analyze the characteristics of the energy conditions and provide a detailed graphical discussion of the matter contents via energy ***,we explore the effect of anisotropy under Gaussian and lorentzian ***,we present our conclusions based on the obtained results.

关键词： traversable wormhole f(Q T)gravity energy conditions non-commutative geometry conformal motion

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The Decarbonization of Construction—How Can Alkali-Activated Materials Contribute?

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Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 18-21页

作者： John l.Provis susan A.Bernal Zuhua Zhang Department of Materials science and Engineering University of SheffieldSheffield S13JDUK Paul scherrer Institut Villigen PSI 5232Switzerland school of Civil Engineering University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK school of Materials sciences and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

*** and context Enormous emphasis is currently being paid to the decarbonization of the global built environment as a leading priority for the engineering community and related industrial sectors[1].One of the main contributors to the overall emissions footprint of the built environment-and thus a cornerstone of efforts to achieve decarbonization-is the emissions profile of construction materials during their production and *** cement and concrete sector is the largest-volume contributor to the emissions incurred in meeting the world’s construction material needs and is therefore targeted in the discussion of the deep,rapid decarbonization that must be achieved in order to minimize irreversible damage to the Earth and its ecosystems.

关键词： Alkali corners irreversible

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