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small extrachromosomal circular DnA in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis matter

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1411-1413页

作者： Marcos j.Arauzo-Bravo Daniela Gerovska Matthias schwab Alexandra Kretz Computational Biology and systems Biomedicine Biodonostia Health Research InstituteSan SebastianSpain Basque Foundation for science IKERBASQUEBilbaoSpainMax Planck Institute for Molecular BiomedicineComputational Biology and Bioinformatics GroupMünsterNorth Rhine-WestphaliaGermany Department of Cell Biology and Histology Faculty of Medicine and NursingUniversity of Basque Country(UPV/EHU)LeioaSpain Department of neurology Jena University HospitalJenaThuringiaGermany

Comprehensive studies identify motor neuron spectrum disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALs)as globally rising fatal disorders with the highest prevalence in aging populations,influenced by ethnicity and ancestry(GBD 2016 Motor neuron Disease Colla borators,2018).While~10% of diagnoses involve a family history(fALs),most cases are considered sporadic(sALs).However,population-based studies suggest that even cases without a common index mutation impart heritability(Ryan et al.,2019),indicating a crucial role of rare and as yet unknown genetic denominators.

关键词： amyotrophic sclerosis

Plastic Flow of a Cu_(50)Zr_(45)Ti_5 Bulk Metallic Glass Composite

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journal of Materials science & Technology 2014年第6期30卷 609-615页

作者： G.Wang s.Pauly s.Gorantla n.Mattern j.Eckert Laboratory for Microstructures Shanghai University IFW-Dresden Institute for Complex Materials Helmholtzstr. 20D-01069 Dresden Germany TU Dresden Institute of Materials ScienceD-01062 Dresden Germany

By modifying the cooling rate, a Cu50Zr45Ti5 alloy with various structures was developed. A fully glassy rod and specimens with different sizes and volume fractions ofnanocrystals were produced. The relationship between the structure and mechanical properties of the Cu50Zr45Ti5 alloy was investigated. The different structures result in a transition of the deformation mechanism from being dominated by shear banding to being governed by dislocation action accompanied by shear band formation. These different plastic deformation mechanisms were discussed in the framework of self-organized critical behavior.

关键词： Bulk metallic glass Plasticity self-organized critical behavior Bulk metallic glass composite

Vibration analysis of axisymmetric functionally graded viscothermoelastic spheres

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Acta Mechanica sinica 2014年第1期30卷 100-111页

作者： D.K.sharma j.n.sharma s.s.Dhaliwal V.Walia Department of Mathematics Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Department of Mathematics National Institute of Technology

The present study focuses on the analysis of free vibrations of axisymmetric functionally graded hollow spheres. The material is assumed to be graded in radial di- rection with a simple power law. Matrix Frrbenious method of extended power series is employed to derive the analytical solutions for displacement, temperature, and stresses. The dispersion relations for the existence of various types of pos- sible modes of vibrations in the considered hollow sphere are derived in a compact form. In order to explore the character- istics of vibrations, the secular equations are further solved by using fixed point iteration numerical technique with the help of MATLAB software. The numerical results have been presented graphically for polymethyl methecrylate materials in respect of natural frequencies, frequency shift, inverse quality factor, displacement, temperature change, and radial stress.

关键词： Functionally graded stresses Vibrations Fr6benius - Dispersion - spherical structures

Effect on Landau damping rates for a non-Maxwellian distribution function consisting of two electron populations

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第3期22卷 358-365页

作者： M.n.s.Qureshi s.sehar H.A.shah j.B.Cao space science Institute Beihang University Department of Physics Government College University

In many physical situations where a laser or electron beam passes through a dense plasma,hot low-density electron populations can be generated,resulting in a particle distribution function consisting of a dense cold population and a small hot *** of such low-density electron distributions can alter the wave damping rate.A kinetic model is employed to study the Landau damping of Langmuir waves when a small hot electron population is present in the dense cold electron population with non-Maxwellian distribution *** of plasma from Maxwellian distributions significantly alters the damping rates as compared to the Maxwellian *** damping is found for highly nonMaxwellian distributions as well as plasmas with a higher density and hot electron *** of weak damping is also established when the distribution contains broadened flat tops at the low energies or tends to be *** results may be applied in both experimental and space physics regimes.

关键词： Landau damping Langmuir waves two electron populations non-Maxwellian distribution function

High-Throughput UAV Image-Based Method Is More Precise Than Manual Rating of Herbicide Tolerance

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Plant Phenomics 2019年第1期1卷 133-141页

作者： Hema s.n.Duddu Eric n.johnson Christian *** steven j.shirtliffe Department of Plant sciences College of Agriculture and BioresourcesUniversity of Saskatchewan51 Campus DriveSaskatoonSKCanada

The traditional visual rating system is labor-intensive,time-consuming,and prone to human *** aerial vehicle(UAV)imagery-based vegetation indices(VI)have potential applications in high-throughput plant *** study objective is to determine if UAV imagery provides accurate and consistent estimations of crop injury from herbicide application and its potential as an alternative to visual *** study was conducted at the Kernen Crop Research Farm,University of saskatchewan in 2016 and ***(Vicia faba L.)crop tolerance to nine herbicide tank mixtures was evaluated with 2 rates distributed in a randomized complete block design(RCBD)with 4 *** trial was imaged using a multispectral camera with a ground sample distance(GsD)of 1.2 cm,one week after the treatment *** ratings of growth reduction and physiological chlorosis were recorded simultaneously with *** optimized soil-adjusted vegetation index(OsAVI)was calculated from the thresholded *** UAV-based vegetation index(OsAVI)produced more precise results compared to visual ratings for both *** coefficient of variation(CV)of OsAVI was~1%when compared to 18-43%for the visual ***,Tukey’s honestly significance difference(HsD)test yielded a more precise mean separation for the UAV-based vegetation index than visual *** significant correlations between OsAVI and the visual ratings from the study suggest that undesirable variability associated with visual assessments can be minimized with the UAVbased ***-based imagery methods had greater precision than the visual-based ratings for crop herbicide *** methods have the potential to replace visual ratings and aid in screening crops for herbicide tolerance.

关键词： Visual precise replace

Variations in total organic carbon and grain size distribution in ephemeral river sediments in western India

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International journal of sediment Research 2011年第2期26卷 239-246页

作者： j.DInAKARAn n.s.R.KRIsHnAYYA Ecology Laboratory Department of BotanyFaculty of ScienceM.S.University of Baroda

Total organic carbon(TOC) and grain size distribution(sand,silt,and clay) in the ephemeral Mahi River(western India) sediments were measured to look at their effectiveness in understanding the late Quaternary monsoon *** sites spread across the alluvial zone and three sites from the estuarine zone were *** concentration in the sediments of the alluvial and estuarine zone sites ranged between 0.04 and 0.39%and 0.04 and 0.23%,*** was observed that grain size differed significantly at the alluvial zone sites,whereas an uniform trend was found in the estuarine zone *** study indicated that low concentration of TOC and coarse size fractions(sand) in sediments were well correlated with available records of arid/weaker palaeomonsoon periods,whereas higher concentration of TOC and fine grain size fractions(silt + clay) in sediments were well correlated with available records of enhanced palaeomonsoon periods of the ephemeral Mahi *** concentrations of TOC and fine grain size particles in sediments at the estuarine zone sites are attributed to the backwater in the system,deeper sedimentation,and/or greater decomposition *** is concluded that,TOC and grain size distributions in the ephemeraL river sediments are simple and effective parameters to develop an understanding about late Quaternary monsoon conditions in ephemeral rivers.

关键词： Ephemeral river Fluvial sediments Total organic carbon Particle size distribution Quaternary monsoon

Mathematical modeling and simulations of stress mitigation by coating polycrystalline particles in lithium-ion batteries

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 947-962页

作者： n.IQBAL j.CHOI s.F.sHAH C.LEE s.LEE Department of Mechanical Roboticsand Energy EngineeringDongguk University-SeoulSeoul 04620Republic of Korea

A chemo-mechanical model is developed to investigate the effects on the stress development of the coating of polycrystalline ni-rich LinixMnyCo_(z)O_(2)(x≥0.8)(nMC)particles with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT).The simulation results show that the coating of primary nMC particles significantly reduces the stress generation by efficiently accommodating the volume change associated with the lithium diffusion,and the coating layer plays roles both as a cushion against the volume change and a channel for the lithium transport,promoting the lithium distribution across the secondary particles more ***,the lower stiffness,higher ionic conductivity,and larger thickness of the coating layer improve the stress *** paper provides a mathematical framework for calculating the chemo-mechanical responses of anisotropic electrode materials and fundamental insights into how the coating of nMC active particles mitigates stress levels.

关键词： lithium-ion battery(LIB) polycrystalline particle coating finite element simulation ni-rich LinixMnyCo_(z)O_(2)(x>0.8)(nMC)

Wettability,reactivity,and interface structure in Mg/ni system

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 659-672页

作者： s.Terlicka n.sobczak Ł.Maj P.Darłak j.j.sobczak Institute of Metallurgy and Materials science Polish Academy of Sciences25 Reymonta Str.KrakowPoland Faculty of Foundry Engineering AGH University23 Reymonta Str.KrakowPoland

The sessile drop method was applied to the experimental investigation of the wetting and spreading behaviors of liquid Mg drops on pure ni *** comparison,the experiments were performed in two variants:(1)using the Capillary Purification(CP)procedure,which allows the non-contact heating and squeezing of a pure oxide-free Mg drop;(2)by classical Contact Heating(CH)*** high-temperature tests were performed under isothermal conditions(CP:760℃for 30 s;CH:715℃for 300 s)using Ar+5 wt%H_(2) *** the sessile drop tests,images of the Mg/ni couples were recorded by CCD cameras(57 fps),which were then applied to calculate the contact angles of metal/substrate *** and transmission electron microscopy analyses,both coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,were used for detailed structural characterization of the solidified *** was found that an oxide-free Mg drop obtained by the CP procedure showed a wetting phenomenon on the ni substrate(an average contact angleθns),followed by fast spreading and good wetting over the ni substrate(θ_((CP))~20°in 5 s)to form a final contact angle ofθ_(f(CP))~18°.In contrast,a different wetting behavior was observed for the CH procedure,where the unavoidable primary oxide film on the Mg surface blocked the spreading of liquid Mg showing apparently non-wetting behavior after 300 s contact at the test ***,in both cases,the deep craters formed in the ni substrates under the Mg drops and significant change in the structure of initially pure Mg drops to Mg-ni alloys suggest a strong dissolution of ni in liquid Mg and apparent values of the final contact angles measured for the Mg/ni system.

关键词： Magnesium-based alloys sessile drop tests Capillary purification procedure Wettability Reactivity Contact angle

Development of aluminum rheo-extrusion process using semi-solid slurry at low solid fraction

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Transactions of nonferrous Metals society of China 2010年第9期20卷 1763-1768页

作者： T.RATTAnOCHAIKUL s.j.nUDOM n.MEMOnGKOL j.WAnnAsIn Department of Mining and Materials Engineering Faculty of EngineeringPrince of Songkla University Department of Industrial Engineering Faculty of EngineeringPrince of Songkla University

An aluminum extrusion process is mainly used to fabricate long tubes, beams and rods for various applications. However, this process has a high production cost due to the need for investment of high-pressure machinery. The objective of this work is to develop a new semi-solid extrusion process using semi-solid slurry at low solid fractions. A laboratory extrusion system was used to fabricate aluminum rods with the diameter of 12 ram. The semi-solid metal process used in this study was the gas induced semi-solid （GIss） technique. To study the feasibility of the GIss extrusion process, the effects of extrusion parameters such as plunger speed and solid fi-action on the extrudability, microstructure, and mechanical properties of extruded samples were investigated. The results show that the plunger speed and solid fraction of the semi-solid metal need to be carefully controlled to produce complete extruded parts.

关键词： aluminum alloys extrusion semi-solid metal rheo-extrusion gas induced semi-solid (GIss)