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Effect of Gravity on Arc shape in GTA Welding-for Low Electric Arc Current

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2003年第z1期19卷 209-211页

作者： Hidetoshi FUJII Yosuke sUMI Manabu tanaka Kiyoshi NOGI Joining and Welding Research Institute Osaka University 11-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan Joining and Welding Research Institute Osaka University 11-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan Joining and Welding Research Institute Osaka University 11-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan Joining and Welding Research Institute Osaka University 11-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan

Gas tungsten arc (GTA) welding was performed both in a microgravity environment and in a terrestrial environment,and the arc shapes in both environments were compared. A microgravity condition was obtained using the free fallsystem at the Japan Microgravity Center. The system can maintain a 10 s microgravity of less than 10-5 g. Awater-cooled Cu plate was used to simplify the arc phenomenon. The electric arc current was between 15 and 80 A,and the shielding and atmospheric gas was 99.9995% Ar and its flowing rate was 10 l/min. The polarity was a directcurrent electrode negative (DCEN). The arc gap was 3 mm and careful attention was also paid to the arc gap in boththe terrestrial and microgravity environments being the same. As a result, it was found that no effect of gravity onthe arc shape is observed under general welding conditions (over 60 A). When the electric arc current is lower than25 A, the arc shape is determined by the initial position of the arc root and is constant with time. Accordingly, itcan not be judged whether or not the arc shape is affected by gravity for this range. When the electric arc current isbetween 25 A and 60 A, it is estimated that the arc shape is not affected by gravity though it is occasionally affectedby other minor effects.

关键词： Microgravity, Arc shape, Gas tungsten arc welding, Water-cooled Cu

A combination of tides and nontidal variations in ocean bottom pressure may generate interannual slip fluctuations in the transition zone along a subduction plate interface

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2023年第1期14卷 43-51页

作者： Yoshiyuki tanaka Hiromu sakaue Masayuki Kano suguru Yabe Department of Earth and Planetary science The University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan Graduate school of science Tohoku University6-3Aramaki-aza-aobaAoba-kuSendai980-8578Japan Geological survey of Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology(AIST)Tsukuba Central 71-1-1 HigashiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8567Japan

The tidal triggering of earthquakes has been studied for many *** discovery of slow earthquakes in the early 2000s,including slow slip,has urged scientists to investigate the tidal responses of these earthquakes due to their sensitivity to weak stress *** studies have shown that slow earthquakes correlate with diurnal and semidiurnal tides and seasonal variations in surface loads more clearly than ordinary ***,little is known about long-term responses to external *** this paper,based on a widely accepted frictional law for faults,a mechanism is proposed by which nontidal variations in ocean bottom pressure,when combined with tides,pro mote the occurrence of slow *** slow earthquakes accompany a slip on the plate interface,this mechanism allows one to estimate slip modulations.A one-degree-of-freedom slip model is constructed and applied to Ise Bay in the Tonankai region of southwestern Japan,where large-scale ocean mass redistributions have *** model calculated with parameters determined from the observation of tectonic tremors is quantitatively consistent with the slip during 1997-2013 inferred from GNss data,suggesting that the decrease in the sea-level change in approximately 2006 could cause the accele ration of a slip observed after *** result implies that the decreases in sea level in approximately 1996 and 2014 could also cause subsequent slip *** three slip acceleration periods temporally coincide with the increases in background seismicity in a shallower portion of the plate *** changes in seismicity are common to shallow earthquakes in the Tokai area,and a similar model can reproduce *** studies are expected to reveal causality between shallow earthquakes and long-term slip fluctuations based on modeling that considers changes in the frictional property along the plate interface.

关键词： Tides Ocean bottom pressure slow earthquake seismicity Kuroshio current

Underwater persistent bubble-assisted femtosecond laser ablation for hierarchical micro/nanostructuring

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2020年第1期2卷 135-154页

作者： Dongshi Zhang Bikas Ranjan Takuo tanaka Koji sugioka RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics 2-1 HirosawaWakoSaitama 351-0198Japan Innovative Photon Manipulation Research Team RIKEN Center for Advanced PhotonicsWakoSaitama 351-0198Japan Metamaterials Laboratory RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering ResearchWakoSaitama 351-0198Japan

In this study,we demonstrate a technique termed underwater persistent bubble assisted femtosecond laser ablation in liquids(UPB-fs-LAL)that can greatly expand the boundaries of surface micro/nanostructuring through laser ablation because of its capability to create concentric circular macrostructures with millimeter-scale tails on silicon ***-tailed macrostructures are composed of layered fan-shaped(central angles of 45°–141°)hierarchical micro/nanostructures,which are produced by fan-shaped beams refracted at the mobile bubble interface(.50°light tilt,referred to as the vertical incident direction)during UPB-fs-LAL line-by-line *** flow generated during UPB-fs-LAL induces bubble *** scanning(e.g.1mms−1)allows a long bubble movement(as long as 2mm),while slow scanning(e.g.0.1mms−1)prevents bubble *** persistent bubbles grow considerably(*** of microns in diameter)due to incubation effects,they become sticky and can cause both gas-phase and liquidphase laser ablation in the central and peripheral regions of the persistent *** generates low/high/ultrahigh spatial frequency laser-induced periodic surface structures(LsFLs/HsFLs/UHsFLs)with periods of 550–900,100–200,40–100 nm,which produce complex hierarchical surface structures.A period of 40 nm,less than 1/25th of the laser wavelength(1030 nm),is the finest laser-induced periodic surface structures(LIPss)ever created on *** NIR-MIR reflectance/transmittance of fan-shaped hierarchical structures obtained by UPB-fs-LAL at a small line interval(5μm versus 10μm)is extremely low,due to both their extremely high light trapping capacity and absorbance characteristics,which are results of the structures’additional layers and much finer *** the absence of persistent bubbles,only grooves covered with HsFLs with periods larger than 100 nm are produced,illustrating the unique attenuation abilities of laser properties(*** rate,energy,inciden

关键词： hierarchical micro/nanostructures persistent bubble femtosecond laser surface structuring beam refraction fan-shaped microstructure LIPss

A trip of peptides to the brain

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食物生产加工与营养(英文) 2020年第1期2卷 300-307页

作者： Toshiro Matsui Atsuko Yoshino Mitsuru tanaka Department of Bioresources and Biosciences Faculty of AgricultureGraduate School of Kyushu University744 MotookaNishi-kuFukuoka 819-0395Japan Research and Development Center for Five-sense Devices Kyushu University744 MotookaNishi-kuFukuoka 819-0395Japan

Dietary di/tripeptides elicit preventive effects against lifestyle-related diseases such as hypertension,and hypercholesterolemia,*** there have been evidential reports that the intake of protein hydrolysate improved impaired memory in human,limited studies on bioavailability,in particular,beyond the blood-brain barrier(BBB)of candidates in hydrolysate may prevent their extensive physiological ***,this review discusses the updated studies on BBB transport of peptides showing improved cognitive ***,their accumulation in the brain cerebral parenchyma is also introduced.

关键词： Peptide Blood-brain barrier Transport Cognitive decline

sport level and sex differences in sport-related concussion among Japanese collegiate athletes:Epidemiology,knowledge,reporting behaviors,and reported symptoms

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sports Medicine and Health science 2023年第3期5卷 229-238页

作者： shota tanaka Ryo sagisaka Etsuko sone Hideharu tanaka Research Institute of Disaster Management and EMs Kokushikan UniversityJapan Kokushikan sports Promotion Center Kokushikan UniversityJapan Department of Integrated science and Engineering for sustainable societies Chuo UniversityJapan Department of sports Medicine Kokushikan UniversityJapan

This study investigated the incidence of sport-related concussion(sRC)in sports,effect of athlete knowledge on reporting behavior differences between collegiate and non-collegiate athletes,and differences in sRC symptoms between sexes and level of *** this cross-sectional survey,1344 Japanese collegiate and non-collegiate athletes from a single institute were *** a web-based survey,demographics,general sRC,knowledge of sRC,the most recent sRC reporting behaviors,and symptom presentation were *** prevalence of sRC during the academic year 2016-2017 was 2.68(95%confidence interval[CI]:1.88-3.69)across all *** prevalence of sRC was 33.3(95%CI:17.96-51.83)in rugby union and 8.33(95%CI:1.03-27.00)in women's *** prevalence of sRC in males(3.47[95%CI:2.38-4.86]was 3.65 times higher than that in females(0.95[95%CI:0.26-2.41]).In total,the mean total score of knowledge was 5.30(4.2)across 25 questions;dizziness was the most well-known symptom(867/1344,64.5%),followed by headache(59.3%).Being more emotional(44/1345,3.3%)was the least frequently known *** of participation did not affect scores(5.16[3.96]vs.5.52[4.54];p=0.131).All 87 disclosing participants experienced drowsiness and irritability and felt more *** terms of sex and participant level,no significant differences were found in any *** study found very low rates of concussion education in *** of concussion education is essential in the future to recognize concussion earlier and prevent severe concussive injury.

关键词： Disclosure Knowledge Attitudes Prevalence Brain injury

sURFACE RHEOLOGY OF POLYMERIC sOLIDs

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2000年第3期18卷 239-248页

作者： Tisato Kajiyama Keiji tanaka Noriaki satomi Atsushi Takahara Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering.Kyushu University6-10-1 HakozakiHigashi-kuFukuoka 812-8581Japan

surface molecular motions of amorphous polymeric solids have been directly measured on the basis of scanningviscoelasticity microscopic(sVM)and lateral force microscopic(LFM)*** and LFM measurements werecarried out for films of conventional monodisperse polystyrene(Ps)with sec-butyl and proton-terminated end groups atroom *** the case of the number-average molecular weight,M_(n),less than ca.4.0×10^(4),the surface was in a glass-rubber transition state even though the bulk glass transition temperature,T_(g)was far above room temperature,meaning thatthe surface molecular motion was fairly active compared with that in the *** measurements of the,monodisperse Psfilms at various scanning rates and temperatures revealed that the time-temperature superposition was applicable to thesurface mechanical relaxation behavior and also that the surface glass transition temperature,T_(g)^(σ),was depressed incomparison with the bulk one even though the magnitude of M_n was fairly high at 1.40×10~*** surface molecular motionof monodisperse Ps with various chain end groups was investigated on the basis of temperature-dependent scanningviscoelasticity microscopy(TDsVM).The T_(g)^(σ)s for the Ps films with M_n of 4.9×10^(6)to 1.45×10^(6)measured by TDsVMwere smaller than those for the bulk one,with corresponding M_ns,and the T_(g)^(σ)s for M_ns smaller than ca.4.0×10^(4)were lowerthan room temperature(293 K).The active thermal molecular motion at the polymeric solid surface can be interpreted interms of an excess free volume near the surface region induced by the surface localization of chain end *** the case ofM_n=ca.5.0×10^(4),the T_(g)^(σ)s for theα,ω-diamino-terminated Ps(α,ω-Ps(NH_2)_2)andα,ω-dicarboxy-terminated Ps(α,ω-Ps(COOH)_2)films were higher than that of the Ps *** change of T_(g)^(σ)for the Ps film with various chain end groups canbe explained in terms of the depth distribution of chain end groups at the surface region depending on

关键词： surface rheology Chain end groups scanning force microscope

Refueling for steady-state Plasma by Repetitive Pellet Injection in Large Helical Device

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Plasma science and Technology 2004年第3期6卷 2275-2280页

作者： H.Yamada R.sakamoto I.Viniar M.Goto K.Kikuchi A.Lukin s.Masuzaki J.Miyazawa s.Morita Y.Oda s.sudo K.tanaka National Institute for Fusion science Toki Japan PELIN Laboratory Ltd. Moscow Russia Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. Kobe Japan

A repetitive pellet injector has been developed for investigation ofrefueling issues towards the steady-state operation in Large Helical Device (LHD). Continuousoperation of more than 10000 pellet launching at 10 Hz has been demonstrated. The maximum repeatingrate is 11 Hz. No technical constraint for longer operation has been found. The reliability ofpellet launch has exceeded 99.9%. The initial application to the NBI-heated plasmas has beensuccessful in the last experimental campaign of LHD. Although the pulse length is limited by theoperational constraint of NBI, the plasma with a density of 8 X 10^(19) m^(-3) has been sustainedfor 2 s by the pellet injection at 10 Hz. A prospect for the future experiment is discussed on thebasis of the initial result.

关键词： cryo-cooler screw extruder solid hydrogen

Increased prevalence of intestinal inflammation in patients with liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 1999年第5期5卷 391-396页

作者： saitoh O sugi K Lojima K Matsumoto H Nakagawa K Kayazawa M tanaka s Teranishi T Hirata I Katsu Ki K second Department of Internal Medicine Osaka Medical College Takatsuki Japan Department of Gastroenterology Ijinkai Takeda General Hospital Kyoto Japan

AIM To investigate the pathophysiology of the digestive tract in patients with liver *** In 42 cirrhotic patients and 20control subjects, the following fecal proteinswere measured by enzyme-linkedimmunosorb6nt assay: albumin (Alb ),transferrin (Tf), and al-antitrypsin (a,-AT) as amarker for intestinal protein l0ss, hemoglobin(Hb) for bleeding, PMN-eIastase for intestinalinflammation, and secretory lgA for *** The fecaI concentrations of Hb, Alb,Tf, al-AT, and PMN’eIastase were increased in13 (3l%), 8(19%), l0(24%), 6(14%), and 1l(26%) cases among 42 patients, resPectiveIy.F6cal concentration of secretory IgA wasdecreased in 7 (l7%) of 42 patients. However,these fecal concentrations were not related tothe severity or etiology of liver cirrhosis. Theserum Alb level was significantIy decreased inpatients with intestinal protein Ioss c0mpared tothat in patients without intestinal protein *** These findings suggest that: rob6sides the weIl’known pathological conditions,such as bleeding and protein loss, intestinaIinflammati0n and decreased intestinaI immunityare found in cirrhotic patients, @ intestinalprotein loss contributes to hypoalbuminemia incirrhotic patients, and @ intestinaI inflammationshouId not b6 0verlooked in cirrhotic patients,since it may contribute to or cause intestinalprotein Ioss and oth6r various pathologicalconditions.

关键词： liver cirrhosis intestinal inflammation secretory IgA fecal proteins

Analysis of flow around impermeable groynes on one side of symmetrical compound channel:An experimental study

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Water science and Engineering 2010年第1期3卷 56-66页

作者： Hassan safiAHMED Mohammad Mahdi HAsAN Norio tanaka Civil Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringSouth Valley University Graduate school of science and Engineering Saitama University Institute for Environmental science and Technology Saitama University

This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the influences of floodplain impermeable groynes on flow structure, velocity, and water depth around the groyne（s）. A wooden symmetrical compound channel was used. Groyne models with three different groyne relative lengths, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0, were used on one floodplain with single and series arrangements. Analysis of the experimental results using the measured flow velocity and water depth values showed that flow structure, velocity, and water depth mainly depend on groyne relative length and the relative distance between series groynes. The flow velocity at the main channel centerline increased by about 40%, 60%, and 85%, and in other parts on the horizontal plane at the floodplain mid-water, depth by about 75%, 125%, and 175% of its original value in eases of one-side floodplain groyne（s） with relative lengths of 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0, respectively. The effective distance between two groynes in series arrangement ranges from 3 to 4 times the groyne length. Using an impermeable groyne with a large relative length in river floodplains increases the generation of eddy and roller zones downstream of the groyne, leading to more scouring and deposition. To avoid that, the groyne relative length must be kept below half the floodplain width,

关键词： impermeable groyne symmetrical compound channel floodplain flow structure