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Genetic Variability and Population structure of Ark shell in Japan

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Open Journal of Marine science 2014年第1期4卷 8-17页

作者： Tomomi tanaka Futoshi Aranishi United Graduate school of Agricultural sciences Tottori University Tottori Japan Coastal Lagoon Research Center Shimane University Matsue Japan

Ark shell scapharca kagoshimensis is one of the commercially important bivalve resources in East Asia. In Japan, the mass production method for its natural seedlings was developed in the 1880s, and they had been transplanted to an array of the major fishing areas. It has been therefore concerned with its genetic disturbance among not only current but also former fishing areas in Japan. This study was undertaken to ascertain its genetic diversity and population structure in East Asia by means of nucleotide sequence analysis of a 555-bp portion of the mitochondrial DNA COI gene. Of 225 individuals collected from 8 populations and 1 population in Japan and Korea, respectively, a total of 59 haplotypes, including 14 common haplotypes, were found, and Japan and Korea shared 3 common haplotypes. In Japan, the haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity ranged from 0.65 to 0.93 and from 0.22% to 0.59%, respectively, reflecting relatively high levels of genetic diversity. The values in Korea were determined to be 0.45% and 0.19%, respectively, indicating significantly lower genetic diversity compared with that in Japan. Mismatch distribution analysis and neutrality tests showed a recent history of multiple types of reproduction and signals of demographic change in each population. These results suggest that s. kagoshimensis has experienced rapid population growth or reduction in population size such as a bottleneck in a short period.

关键词： Ark shell Genetic structure Genetic Diversity Mitochondrial DNA COI Gene scapharca kagoshimensis

Boron neutron capture therapy for vulvar melanoma and genital extramammary Paget’s disease with curative responses

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Cancer Communications 2018年第1期38卷 400-409页

作者： Junichi Hiratsuka Nobuhiko Kamitani Ryo tanaka Eisaku Yoden Ryuji Tokiya Minoru suzuki Rolf F.Barth Koji Ono Department of Radiation Oncology Kawasaki Medical School577MatsushimaKurashikiOkayama 701-0192Japan Department of Dermatology Kawasaki Medical SchoolKurashikiOkayama 701-0192Japan Particle Radiation Oncology Kyoto University Research Reactor InstituteOsaka 590-0494Japan Department of Pathology The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

Background:Although the most commonly recommended treatment for melanoma and extramammary Paget’s disease(EMPD)of the genital region is wide surgical excision of the lesion,the procedure is highly invasive and can lead to functional and sexual *** treatments have been used for local control when wide local exci-sion was not ***,we describe four patients with genital malignancies who were treated with boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT).Methods:The four patients included one patient with vulvar melanoma(VM)and three with genital *** underwent BNCT at the Kyoto University Research Reactor between 2005 and 2014 using para-boronophenylalanine as the boron delivery *** were irradiated with an epithermal neutron beam between the curative tumor dose and the tolerable skin/mucosal ***:All patients showed similar tumor and normal tissue responses following BNCT and achieved complete responses within 6 *** most severe normal tissue response was moderate skin erosion during the first 2 months,which diminished gradually *** or contact pain persisted for 2 months and resolved com-pletely by 4 ***:Treating VM and EMPD with BNCT resulted in complete local tumor *** on our clinical expe-rience,we conclude that BNCT is a promising treatment for primary VM and EMPD of the genital region.

关键词： Boron neutron capture therapy Vulvar melanoma Extramammary Paget’s disease Penis Vulva

Novel zinc alloys for biodegradable surgical staples

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第3期8卷 504-516页

作者： Hizuru Amano Koichi Miyake Akinari Hinoki Kazuki Yokota Fumie Kinoshita Atsuko Nakazawa Yujiro tanaka Yasuhiro seto Hiroo Uchida Department of Pediatric surgery Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-8655Japan Mitsui Mining and smelting Co. Ltd.Tokyo 141-0032Japan Department of Pediatric surgery Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoya 466-8550Japan Department of Advanced Medicine Nagoya University HospitalNagoya 466-8560Japan Department of Clinical Research Saitama Children’s Medical CenterSaitama 330-8777Japan

BACKGROUND The development of biodegradable surgical staples is desirable as non-biodegradable Ti alloy staples reside in the human body long after wound healing, which can cause allergic/foreign-body reactions, adhesion, or other adverse effects. In order to develop a biodegradable alloy suitable for the fabrication of surgical staples, we hypothesized that Zn, a known biodegradable metal, could be alloyed with various elements to improve the mechanical properties while retaining biodegradability and biocompatibility. Considering their biocompatibility, Mg, Ca, Mn, and Cu were selected as candidate alloying elements, alongside Ti, the main material of clinically available surgical *** To investigate the in vitro mechanical properties and degradation behavior and in vivo safety and feasibility of biodegradable Zn alloy *** Tensile and bending tests were conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties of binary Zn alloys with 0.1–6 wt.% Mg, Ca, Mn, Cu, or Ti. Based on the results,three promising Zn alloy compositions were devised for staple applications(wt.%): Zn-1.0Cu-0.2Mn-0.1Ti(Zn alloy 1), Zn-1.0Mn-0.1Ti(Zn alloy 2), and Zn-1.0Cu-0.1Ti(Zn alloy 3). Immersion tests were performed at 37℃ for 4 wk using fed-state simulated intestinal fluid(Fe ssIF) and Hank’s balanced salt solution(HBss). The corrosion rate was estimated from the weight loss of staples during immersion. Nine rabbits were subjected to gastric resection using each Zn alloy staple, and a clinically available Ti staple was used for another group of nine rabbits. Three in each group were sacrificed at 1, 4, and 12 wk *** Additions of ≤1 wt.% Mn or Cu and 0.1 wt.% Ti improved the yield strength without excessive deterioration of elongation or bendability. Immersion tests revealed no gas evolution or staple fracture in any of the Zn alloy staples. The corrosion rates of Zn alloy staples 1, 2, and 3 were 0.02 mm/year in HBss and 0.12, 0.11, and 0.13 mm/year, respective

关键词： Zinc alloy surgical staple Gastric resection Biodegradability,Biocompatibility Mechanical strength

An Ancestral Gibberellin in a Moss Physcomitreila patens

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Molecular Plant 2018年第8期11卷 1097-1100页

作者： sho Miyazaki Mariho Hara shinsaku Ito Keisuke tanaka Tadao Asami Ken-ichiro Hayashi Hiroshi Kawaide Masatoshi Nakajima Department of Applied Biological Chemistry The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-8657 Japan Department of Bioscience Faculty of Applied Bioscience Tokyo University of Agriculture Tokyo 156-8502 Japan NODAI Genome Research Center Tokyo University of Agriculture Tokyo 156-8502 Japan Department of Biochemistry Okayama University of Science Okayama 700-0005 Japan Institute of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo 183-8509 Japan

Dear Editor,Most of the plant hormones found in flowering plants contribute to growth regulation in the moss Physcomitrella patens. This moss does not produce gibberellin （GA）（Figure 1A）. An ent-kaurene synthase （PpCPs/Ks） and an ent-kaurene oxidase （PpKO） have been identified in P. patens, but in contrast to flowering plants, P. patens has no ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase （KAO） homologs （Hayashi et al., 2010; Miyazaki et al., 2011, Fiqure 1A）.

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A case of eosinophilic cholangitis:Imaging findings ofcontrast-enhanced ultrasonography, cholangioscopy, andintraductal ultrasonography

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第13期13卷 1995-1997页

作者： Naoki Matsumoto Kiyoshi Yokoyama Kazuhiko Nakai Toshiki Yamamoto Takeshi Otani Masahiro Ogawa Naohide tanaka Ariyoshi Iwasaki Yasuyuki Arakawa Masahiko sugitani Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nihon University Surugadai Hospital 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 101-8309 Japan Department of Pathology Nihon University School of Medicine 30-1 Oyaguchikamimachi Itabashi-ku Tokyo 101-8309 Japan

A 38-year-old woman was referred to our institution due to epigastralgia. she presented with obstructive jaundice and eosinophilia. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography showed diffuse narrowing from the distal common bile duct to the bifurcation of the hepatic ducts. An endoscopic plastic biliary stent was inserted; the specimen obtained from the common bile duct wall revealed dense infiltration by eosinophils. Treatment was started with prednisolone 60 mg daily. The patient's biliary stenosis and eosinophilia gradually improved. Eosinophilic infiltration in the lungs or stomach is relatively common, but it is rare in the common bile duct. Most of the reported cases of eosinophilic cholangitis presented with eosinophilia; our patient's eosinophil count was over 1000/mm3. since our patient had allergies to pollen and house dust, a relationship between the allergies and the eosinophilic cholangitis was suspected, but no cause was identified.

关键词： Eosinophilic cholangitis sclerosingcholangitis, Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography Cholangioscopy, Intraductal ultrasonography

Numerical simulation on Inclusion and Bubble Entrapment in solidified shell in Model Experiment and in Mold of Continuous Caster With DC Magnetic Field

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Journal of Iron and steel Research International 2012年第S2期19卷 853-857页

作者： Yuji Miki Hiroyuki Ohno Yasuo Kishimoto Kohei Furumai s.inya tanaka steel Research Labs JFE Steel Corp JFE systems Corp

A model experiment investigating entrapment of inclusions and bubbles on the solidified shell was performed using molten steel,and the conditions for inclusion and bubble entrapment and mechanism of entrapment were studied. The results were applied to the flow behavior in the casting mold of a continuous *** the solid-liquid interface, entrapment of inclusions is greatly reduced by the existence of a low velocity flow,e.g.,0.05m/*** above-mentioned interfacial flow velocity dependency of inclusion entrapment is considered to be largely influenced by changes in the thickness of the concentration boundary layer,which depend on the interfacial flow ***,bubbles and inclusions which enter the concentration boundary layer are drawn to the solid-liquid interface by a suction force which is several orders larger than the saffman's *** addition to the above-mentioned suction force,the so-called cleaning effect is determined by fluid-dynamic forces such as drag force,*** act on particles,and furthermore,by resident time of particles at the solid-liquid interface,which depends on the solidification *** a FC mold with a 2-stage electromagnetic brake,flotation of bubbles entrained in the jet flow from the nozzle is accelerated with the large DC magnetic *** is attributed to the braking effect of the DC field on the nozzle jet and the upward flow by the buoyancy of the *** a result,the interfacial flow velocity can be normalized by increasing the strength of the magnetic field,and entrapment of large bubbles and inclusions can be reduced.

关键词： continuous casting mold molten steel numerical simulation flow solidified shell surface defect inclusion bubble entrapment interfacial tension electromagnetic field

Quantum electrodynamics experiments with colliding petawatt laser pulses

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High Power Laser science and Engineering 2019年第1期7卷 74-81页

作者： I. C. E. Turcu B. shen D. Neely G. sarri K. A. tanaka P. McKenna s. P. D. Mangles T.-P. Yu W. Luo X.-L. Zhu Y. Yin sTFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Central Laser Facility school of Electronic science and Engineering Nanjing University ELI-NP Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN HH) state Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences school of Physical science and Technology ShanghaiTech University shanghai Normal University school of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University Belfast sUPA Department of Physics University of Strathclyde The John Adams Institute for Accelerator science Imperial College London Department of Physics National University of Defense Technology school of Nuclear science and Technology University of South China Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MOE) School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University

A new generation of high power laser facilities will provide laser pulses with extremely high powers of 10 petawatt(PW)and even 100 PW, capable of reaching intensities of 1023 W/cm^2 in the laser focus. These ultra-high intensities are nevertheless lower than the schwinger intensity Is= 2.3×1029 W/cm^2 at which the theory of quantum electrodynamics(QED) predicts that a large part of the energy of the laser photons will be transformed to hard Gamma-ray photons and even to matter, via electron–positron pair production. To enable the investigation of this physics at the intensities achievable with the next generation of high power laser facilities, an approach involving the interaction of two colliding PW laser pulses is being adopted. Theoretical simulations predict strong QED effects with colliding laser pulses of 10 PW focused to intensities 10^(22) W/cm^2.

关键词： colliding petawatt laser pulses electron-positron pairs creation nonlinear Breit-Wheeler process petawatt laser facilities quantum electrodynamics

Discrimination and ejection of eggs and nestlings by the fan-tailed gerygone from New Caledonia

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Current Zoology 2021年第6期67卷 653-663页

作者： Alfredo ATTIsANO Nozomu J.sATO Keita D.tanaka Yuji OKAHIsA Keisuke UEDA Roman GULA Jörn THEUERKAUF Museum and Institute of Zoology Polish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland Japan Bird Research Association TokyoJapan Department of Life sciences Rikkyo UniversityTokyoJapan

Nestling rejection is a rare type of host defense against brood parasitism compared with egg ***,host defenses at both egg and nestling stages could be based on similar underlying discrimination mechanisms but,due to the rarity of nestling rejector hosts,few studies have actually tested this *** investigated egg and nestling discrimination by the fan-tailed gerygone Gerygone flavolateralis,a host that seemingly accepts nonmimetic eggs of its parasite,the shining bronze-cuckoo Chalcites lucidus,but ejects mimetic parasite *** introduced artificial eggs or nestlings and foreign gerygone nestlings in gerygone nests and compared begging calls of parasite and host *** found that the gerygone ejected artificial eggs only if their size was smaller than the parasite or host *** of artificial nestlings did not depend on whether their color matched that of the *** frequency of ejection increased during the course of the breeding season mirroring the increase in ejection frequency of parasite nestlings by the ***-fostered gerygone nestlings were frequently ejected when lacking natal down and when introduced in the nest before hatching of the foster brood,but only occasionally when they did not match the color of the foster *** calls differed significantly between parasite and host nestlings throughout the nestling *** results suggest that the fan-tailed gerygone accepts eggs within the size range of gerygone and cuckoo eggs and that nestling discrimination is based on auditory and visual cues other than skin *** highlights the importance of using a combined approach to study discrimination mechanisms of hosts.

关键词： begging calls brood parasitism co-evolutionary arms race egg discrimination nestling discrimination nestling polymorphism

Bone regeneration with osteogenic matrix cell sheet and tricalcium phosphate:An experimental study in sheep

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第10期8卷 754-760页

作者： Tsutomu Kira Manabu Akahane shohei Omokawa Takamasa shimizu Kenji Kawate Tadanobu Onishi Yasuhito tanaka Department of Orthopedic surgery Nara Medical University Department of Public Health Health Management and PolicyNara Medical University School of Medicine Department of Hand surgery Nara Medical University Department of Artificial Joint and Regenerative Medicine for Bone and Cartilage Nara Medical University

AIM To determine the effects of a cell sheet created from sheep bone marrow and tricalcium phosphate(TCP) on *** Bone marrow cells were harvested from a sheep and cultured in a minimal essential medium(MEM) containing ascorbic acid phosphate(AscP) and dexamethasone(Dex). After 2 wk, the formed osteogenic matrix cell sheet was lifted from the culture dish using a scraper. Additionally, harvested bone marrow cells were cultured in MEM only as a negative control group, and in MEM with AscP, Dex, and β-glycerophosphate as a positive control group. For in vitro evaluation, we measured the alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity and osteocalcin(OC) content in the media of the cultured cells from each group. For in vivo analysis, a porous TCP ceramic was used as a scaffold. We prepared an experimental group comprising TCP scaffolds wrapped with the osteogenic matrix cell sheets and a control group consisting of the TCP scaffold only. The constructs wereimplanted subcutaneously into athymic rats and the cell donor sheep, and bone formation was confirmed by histology after 4 *** In the in vitro part, the mean ALP activity was 0.39 ± 0.03 mg/well in the negative control group, 0.67 ± 0.04 mg/well in the sheet group, and 0.65 ± 0.07 mg/well in the positive control group. The mean OC levels were 1.46 ± 0.33 ng/well in the negative control group, 3.92 ± 0.16 ng/well in the sheet group, and 4.4 ± 0.47 ng/well in the positive control group, respectively. The ALP activity and OC levels were significantly higher in the cell sheet and positive control groups than in the negative control group(P s no significant difference in ALP activity or OC levels between the cell sheet group and the positive control group(P > 0.05). TCP constructs wrapped with cell sheets prior to implantation showed bone formation, in contrast to TCP scaffolds alone, which exhibited poor bone formation when implanted, in the subcutaneous layer both in athymic rats and in the s

关键词： Cell sheet Osteogenesis sheep Bone marrow Mesenchymal stromal cell