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Particle formulation of hydroalcoholic rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extracts using a spouted bed

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Particuology 2020年第4期18卷 26-34页

作者： D.Peshev E.Eichner M.Goslinska s.Pietsch Y.Trambabova T.Terzieva N.Georgieva s.heinrich Department of Chemical Engineering University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy1576 SofiaBulgaria Institute of solids Process Engineering and Particle Technology Hamburg University of Technology21073 HamburgGermany Department of Biotechnology University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy1576 SofiaBulgaria

In this study,spouted bed technology was applied to the protection and functionalization of polyphenolic rosemary ***,solid-liquid extraction was performed at 25℃with *** ethanol-water ratio was chosen to obtain high phenolic acid and diterpene concentrations in the *** selected solvent composition gave liquid extracts that could be directly added to a coating mixture for feeding into a spouted bed ***,no preliminary solvent exchange or evaporation of the extraction solvent to dryness was *** grade Paselli MD 6 maltodextrin and HiCap 100 modified starch were used as inert core and shell materials in the spouted bed encapsulation process under mild operating *** antioxidant activity of the fresh extract was retained during processing,which indicated that the active constituents were preserved and quantitatively transferred into the encapsulated formulations,which were readily soluble in *** obtained powders were composed of nearly spherical *** compositions,water solubilities,and particle morphologies make them a strong candidate for food and beverage applications as natural antioxidants,preservatives,or functional ingredients.

关键词： Particle Polyphenolic rosemary extract Encapsulation spouted bed Bioactive Antioxidant

A small,polyphyletic group of Firmicutes synthesizes trimethylamine from L-carnitine

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mLife 2023年第3期2卷 267-271页

作者： Marius Vital Ylenia heinrich-sanchez Hannover Medical school Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital EpidemiologyHannoverGermany

Impact statement Gut microbiota-derived trimethylamine(TMA)is associated with cardiometabolic disorders and exemplifies a microbial involvement in the etiology of emerging,noncommunicable diseases,the leading causes of death *** bio-chemical pathways taking dietary compounds as intake have been described with distinct taxa involved that are all present at low relative abundances.A recently discovered pathway is now considered to be the main route for TMA synthesis from L-carnitine involvingγ-butyrobetaine as an intermediate *** comprehensive(meta)genomic screening of publicly available data,namely,genomes of the UHGG catalog(n>200,000)and 10 metagenomic(transcriptomic)data sets,we revealed bacteria synthesizing TMA via this pathway and specified their *** will contribute to stratification of individuals based on their gut microbiota's potential to synthesize TMA and might aid in the development of strategies restricting TMA formation.

关键词： product. synthesize statement

Characterization of bright betatron radiation generated by direct laser acceleration of electrons in plasma of near critical density

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 26-35页

作者： J.Cikhardt M.Gyrdymov s.Zähter P.Tavana M.M.Günther N.Bukharskii N.Borisenko J.Jacoby X.F.shen A.Pukhov N.E.Andreev O.N.Rosmej Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague16627 Prague 6Czech Republic Goethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany GsI Helmholtzzentrum für schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Focused Energy GmbH Im Tiefen See 4564293 DarmstadtGermany National Research Nuclear University MEPhI Kashirskoe shosse 31115409 MoscowRussian Federation Lebedev Physical Institute RAs Leninskiy Prospekt 53119991 MoscowRussian Federation heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1DüsseldorfGermany Joint Institute for High Temperatures RASIzhorskaya st.13Bldg.2125412 MoscowRussian Federation Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Institutskiy Pereulok 9141700 DolgoprudnyRussia

Directed x-rays produced in the interaction of sub-picosecond laser pulses of moderate relativistic intensity with plasma of near-critical density are investigated. synchrotron-like (betatron) radiation occurs in the process of direct laser acceleration (DLA) of electrons in a relativisticlaser channel when the electrons undergo transverse betatron oscillations in self-generated quasi-static electric and magnetic fields. In anexperiment at the PHELIX laser system, high-current directed beams of DLA electrons with a mean energy ten times higher than the ponderomotive potential and maximum energy up to 100 MeV were measured at 10^(19) W/cm^(2)laser intensity. The spectrum of directed x-raysin the range of 5–60 keV was evaluated using two sets of Ross filters placed at 0°and 10°to the laser pulse propagation axis. The differential x-ray absorption method allowed for absolute measurements of the angular-dependent photon fluence. We report 10^(13) photons/sr withenergies >5 keV measured at 0°to the laser axis and a brilliance of 10^(21) photons s^(−1) mm^(−2) mrad−2(0.1%BW)−1. The angular distributionof the emission has an FWHM of 14°–16°. Thanks to the ultra-high photon fluence, point-like radiation source, and ultra-short emissiontime, DLA-based keV backlighters are promising for various applications in high-energy-density research with kilojoule petawatt-class laserfacilities.

关键词： laser acceleration critical

A dynamic two-zone model of continuous fluidized bed layering granulation with internal product classification

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Particuology 2017年第2期15卷 8-14页

作者： C. Neugebauer s. Palis A. Buck E. Tsotsas s. heinrich A. Kienle Otto yon Guericke University Universitatsplatz 2 D-39106 Magdeburg Germany Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical systems Sandtorstraβe 1 D-39106 Magdeburg Germany Hamburg University of Technology Denickestraβe 15 D-21073 Hamburg Germany

A dynamic two-zone model is proposed to address the formation of granulation and drying zones in fluidized bed layering granulation processes with internal product classification. The model assumes a constant volume for the granulation zone, but a variable overall volume for the fluidized bed to account for classified product removal. The model is used to study the effect of various process parameters on dynamics and process stability. stability is shown to depend on the separation diameter of product removal and the flow rate of the injected liquid. A lower and upper range of separation diameters with stable process behavior are found. In an intermediate range instability in the form of self-sustained oscillations is observed. The lower stability boundary is in qualitative agreement with recent experimental observations （schmidt, Bück, ＆ Tsotsas, 2015）; the upper boundary was reported in a theoretical paper by Vreman, Van Lare, and Hounslow （2009） based on a single zone model.

关键词： Layering granulation Zone formation Internal product classification Population balance modeling stability analysis

Production of composites with high relative permittivity using the spouted bed technique

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Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 184-189页

作者： E. Eichner P.-K. Fischer s. heinrich GA schneider Institute of solids Process Engineering and Particle Technology Denickestr1521073 HamburgGermany Institute of Advanced Ceramics Hamburg University of TechnologyDenickestr1521073 HamburgGermany

This contribution presents a new application of the spouted bed technique. The developed production process involves coating fine copper particles with a polymer in a spouted bed plant and then hot pressing the produced granules to form a compact consisting of a copper–polymer composite with a high filling degree. The fabricated composites possess high relative permittivity, which is advantageous for the production of effective capacitors. With increasing filling degree of copper, the relative permittivity of the composites increased, with a maximum relative permittivity of 214 obtained for the composite containing 78.1 vol% copper. such a high filling degree can be achieved with conductive particles without obtaining a conductive composite by using the spouted bed technology in the production process. The high relative permittivity results from the high filling degree of particles isolated by a polymer coating.

关键词： spouted bed High relative permittivity Fine particles Coating Metal-polymer composite

MP-PIC simulation of circulating fluidized beds using an EMMs based drag model for Geldart B particles

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Particuology 2021年第6期19卷 76-90页

作者： Timo Dymala Tom Wytrwat stefan heinrich Hamburg University of Technology Institute of Solids Process Engineering and Particle TechnologyDenickestr.1521073 HamburgGermany

In this study the multiphase particle-in-cell(MP-PIC)method is used for the simulation of two pilot-scale circulating fluidized beds(CFBs)with quartz sand belonging to Geldart’s group B as bed *** simulations were performed using a homogeneous drag model as well as a structure dependent drag model based on the energy minimization multi-scale method(EMMs).The results are compared with experimental data from literature as well as *** simulations with the EMMs based drag model show a good agreement of the time-averaged axial solids concentration,circulation rate and riser pressure ***,a lower grid sensitivity is observed compared to the homogeneous drag *** contrast to the conventional drag model a dense bottom zone is predicted by the EMMs based drag *** overprediction of the solid concentration in the dense bottom zone is presumably due to an overprediction of the cluster diameter that is calculated using an empirical cluster diameter *** shows the necessity for a new meso-scale cluster correlation for the simulation of Geldart B ***,the results of the time-averaged radial solids concentration differ from the expectations of a core-annulus flow indicating that a mesh refinement at the walls is ***,the importance of using a realistic particle size distribution is identified.

关键词： 3D-CFD simulation Circulating fluidized bed(CFB) Multiphase particle-in-cell method(MP-PIC) Energy minimizing multi-scale theory(EMMs) Validation study

Influence of zone formation on stability of continuous fluidized bed layering granulation with external product classification

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Particuology 2015年第6期13卷 1-7页

作者： C. Dreyschultze C. Neugebauer s. Palis A. Buck E. Tsotsas s. heinrich A. Kienle Otto yon Guericke University Universit~tsplatz 2 D-39106 Magdeburg Germany Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical systems Sandtorstraabe 1 D-39106 Magdeburg Germanyc Hamburg University of Technology Denickestrae 15 D-21073 Hamburg Germany

Continuous fluidized bed layering granulation with external product classification and a sieve-mill cycle can show instability in the form of self-sustained nonlinear oscillations of the particle size distribution. In the present study, the stability and bifurcation analysis of this process is presented. The underlying process models explicitly account for compartmentalization of the fluidized bed into a granulation and a drying zone, which is an important feature of many technical processes. Implications for plant operations are discussed with the help of stability diagrams as a function of zone size, residence time within different zones, the addition of external seeds and particular properties of the sieve-mill cycle.

关键词： Fluidized bed Granulation Population balance stability Bifurcation

Coefficient of restitution for particles impacting on wet surfaces： An improved experimental approach

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Particuology 2016年第2期14卷 1-9页

作者： B. Cunger V. salikov s. heinrich s. Antonyuk V.s. sutkar N.G. Deen J.A.M. Kuipers Institute of solids Process Engineering and Particle Technology Hamburg University of Technology Denickestrasse 15 21073 Hamburg Germany Particle Process Engineering Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering University ofKaiserslautern Cottlieb-Daimler-Strasse 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany Multiphase Reactors Group Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB EindhovenThe Netherlands

The coefficient of restitution is widely used to characterize the energy dissipation rate in numerical simulations involving particle collisions. The challenge in measuring the coefficient of restitution is the strong scatter seen in experimental data that results from varying particle properties, i.e. shape and surface roughness, and from imperfections in the experimental technique. To minimize this scattering, a novel experimental setup was developed based on two synchronized high-speed cameras capturing the collision behaviour of a particle in three dimensions. To measure the wet restitution coefficient, which describes particle impact in the presence of a liquid layer in the contact region, additional accuracy can be achieved by measuring the liquid layer thickness by a high-precision optical confocal sensor. The coefficient of restitution was measured for glass particles with two different diameters, at different relative velocities and liquid layer thicknesses, with a focus on small collision velocities and thin liquid layers, using both the improved （three dimensional） and the conventional （two dimensional） approaches to quantify the improvement of the new method＇s accuracy.

关键词： Particle impact Coefficient of restitution Liquid layer Improved experimental setup

ENUMERATION OF (0,1)-MATRICEs WITH CONsTANT ROW AND COLUMN sUMs

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Applied Mathematics:A Journal of Chinese Universities 2006年第4期21卷 479-486页

作者： heinrich Niederhausen Boca Raton Dept.of Math.sci. Florida Atlantic Univ. FL 33431 UsA

Let fs,t(m,n) be the number of (0,1) - matrices of size m x n such that each row has exactly s ones and each column has exactly t ones (sm = nt). How to determine fs,t(m,n)? As R. P. stanley has observed (Enumerative CombinatoricsⅠ(1997), Example 1.1.3), the determination of fs,t(m, n) is an unsolved problem, except for very small s, t. In this paper the closed formulas for f2,2(n,n), f3,2(m,n), f4,2(m,n) are given. And recursion formulas and generating functions are discussed.

关键词： (0 1)-matrices labelled ball arrangement generating function.