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scenario of solar energy and policies in India

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 117-128页

作者： sathish Kumar M Prity Kumari y.A.Lad sherin Maria Teaching Assistant Symbiosis Institute of Business ManagementSymbiosis International(Deemed)UniversityNagpur440008MaharashtraIndia Assistant Professor and Head Department of Basic ScienceCollege of HorticultureAnand Agricultural UniversityAnand388110GujaratIndia Associate Professor&Head Department of HRD&PMInternational Agribusiness Management InstituteAnand Agricultural UniversityAnand388110GujaratIndia Research Assistant International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)HyderabadTelanganaIndia

solar power is energy from the sun that is converted into thermal or electrical ***,the UsA,and India have the world’s richest solar energy *** receives solar radiation with an average intensity of 200 MW/km^(2) and 250–300 sunny days a *** solar radiation in India varies from 4 to 7 kWh/m^(2)/day,with 2300–3200 sunshine hours yearly,depending on the *** solar Park,Jodhpur,India,is the world’s largest solar plant,with 2.25 GW of installed *** energy is the best alternative elec-tricity source used explicitly in the agricultural *** the farming sector,the consumption of solar energy has been *** major issues were the installation costs,low availability of technicians,and poor quality of *** focus on skill development equips the workforce to drive innovation,efficiency,and sustained growth in the renewable-energy *** the support of inter-national collaboration and a skilled workforce,India’s progress in solar energy development is a boon for the industry.

关键词： solar energy benefits policies challenges achievements

Developmental impacts and toxicological hallmarks of silver nanoparticles across diverse biological models

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Environmental science and Ecotechnology 2024年第3期19卷 60-79页

作者： yán Wāng yapeng Han De-Xiang Xu Department of Toxicology School of Public Health&Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education InstitutesAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China

silver nanoparticles(AgNPs),revered for their antimicrobial prowess,have become ubiquitous in a range of products,from biomedical equipment to food ***,amidst their rising popularity,concerns loom over their possible detrimental effects on fetal development and subsequent adult *** review delves into the developmental toxicity of AgNPs across diverse models,from aquatic species like zebrafish and catfish to mammalian rodents and in vitro embryonic stem *** focus encompasses the fate of AgNPs in different contexts,elucidating associated hazardous results such as embryotoxicity and adverse pregnancy ***,we scrutinize the enduring adverse impacts on offspring,spanning impaired neurobehavior function,reproductive disorders,cardiopulmonary lesions,and *** hallmarks of developmental harm are identified,encompassing redox imbalances,inflammatory cascades,DNA damage,and mitochondrial ***,we explore potential explanations,linking immunoregulatory dysfunction and disrupted epigenetic modifications to AgNPsinduced developmental *** substantial progress,our understanding of the developmental risks posed by AgNPs remains incomplete,underscoring the urgency of further research in this critical area.

关键词： silver nanoparticles(AgNPs) Developmental toxicity Maternal exposure Fetal development Redox imbalance Mitochondrial dysfunction

First evidence for chiral wobbling of triaxial nuclei

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2024年第7期35卷 4-7页

作者： s.Frauendorf Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Notre DameNotre DameIN 46556USA

Chirality(Greek“handiness”)is a property of many com-plex *** molecules exist in two forms,one being the mirror image of the *** for our hands,it is impossible to make the images identical by a suitable *** two forms are called left-handed and *** have the same binding energy,because the electro-magnetic interaction,which holds the molecule together,does not change under a *** properties that are insensitive to the geometry are also the *** different geometry is the reason why the left-handed form turns the polarization plane of transmitted light in one direction by some angle while the right-handed form turns it in the oppo-site direction by the same ***,the geometrical differences between the two species may have other *** two species of the carvon molecule shown in Fig.1 taste quite differently.

关键词： turns Chiral mirror

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Molecular insights of exercise therapy in disease prevention and treatment

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第6期9卷 2564-2597页

作者： David Walzik Tiffany y.Wences Chirino Philipp Zimmer Niklas Joisten Division of Performance and Health(sports Medicine) Institute for Sport and Sport ScienceTU Dortmund University44227 DortmundNorth Rhine-WestphaliaGermany Division of Exercise and Movement science Institute for Sport ScienceUniversity of Göttingen37075 GöttingenLower SaxonyGermany

Despite substantial evidence emphasizing the pleiotropic benefits of exercise for the prevention and treatment of various diseases,the underlying biological mechanisms have not been fully *** exercise benefits have been attributed to signaling molecules that are released in response to exercise by different tissues such as skeletal muscle,cardiac muscle,adipose,and liver *** signaling molecules,which are collectively termed exerkines,form a heterogenous group of bioactive substances,mediating inter-organ crosstalk as well as structural and functional tissue *** scientific endeavors have focused on identifying and characterizing new biological mediators with such ***,some investigations have focused on the molecular targets of exerkines and the cellular signaling cascades that trigger adaption processes.A detailed understanding of the tissue-specific downstream effects of exerkines is crucial to harness the health-related benefits mediated by exercise and improve targeted exercise programs in health and ***,we review the current in vivo evidence on exerkine-induced signal transduction across multiple target tissues and highlight the preventive and therapeutic value of exerkine signaling in various *** emphasizing different aspects of exerkine research,we provide a comprehensive overview of(i)the molecular underpinnings of exerkine secretion,(ii)the receptor-dependent and receptor-independent signaling cascades mediating tissue adaption,and(iii)the clinical implications of these mechanisms in disease prevention and treatment.

关键词： prevention treatment collective

Tribological behavior of lubricant-impregnated porous polyimide

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 711-725页

作者： Jinbang LI Ningning ZHOU Janet s.s.WONG school of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Beijing Key Laboratory of Long-life Technology of Precise Rotation and Transmission Mechanisms Beijing Institute of Control EngineeringBeijing 100029China Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

Porous materials impregnated with lubricants can be used in conditions where limited lubricant is *** this work,three porous polyimides(PPI)with different densities were ***(PAO)impregnated PPI(iPPI)discs were rubbed against steel and sapphire *** operando observations of the iPPI-sapphire contacts show that oil is released under an applied load,forming a meniscus around *** at the outlet is created at high sliding *** amount of released oil increases with increasing PPI *** moduli,E*,estimated based on the actual contact size show that trapped oil in iPPIs contributes to load *** higher speeds,tribological rehydration of the contact occurs in low density iPPI,with that E*rises with *** high density PPIs,high speeds give a constantly high E*which is limited by the viscoelastic properties of the PPI network and possibly the rate of oil *** of iPPI-steel contacts is governed by the mechanical properties of the PPI,the flow of the lubricant,and the roughness of the PPI *** low-and medium-density(highly porous,high roughness)PPIs,large amount of oil is released,and lubrication is mainly via lubricant restricted in the contact in the pores and possibly tribological *** high density(low porosity)PPI,with lower roughness,hydrodynamic lubrication is achieved which gives the lowest *** results show that polymeric porous materials for effective lubrication require the optimization of its surface roughness,stiffness,oil flow,and oil retentions.

关键词： polyimide porous material friction mechanism polymer limited lubrication

Genomic selection in plant breeding:Key factors shaping two decades of progress

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Molecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 552-578页

作者： Admas Alemu Johanna Astrand Osval A.Montesinos-López Julio Isidro y sanchez Javier Fernandez-Gónzalez Wuletaw Tadesse Ramesh R.Vetukuri Anders s.Carlsson Alf Ceplitis JoséCrossa Rodomiro Ortiz Aakash Chawade Department of Plant Breeding Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden Lantmannen Lantbruk SvalövSweden Facultad de Telematica University de ColimaColimaColima 28040Mexico Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas(CBGP UPM-INIA)Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA)Campus de Montegancedo-UPM28223 MadridSpain International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas(ICARDA) RabatMorocco International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMyT) Km 45Carretera México-VeracruzTexcocoMéxico 52640Mexico

Genomic selection,the application of genomic prediction(GP)models to select candidate individuals,has significantly advanced in the past two decades,effectively accelerating genetic gains in plant *** article provides a holistic overview of key factors that have influenced GP in plant breeding during this *** delved into the pivotal roles of training population size and genetic diversity,and their relationship with the breeding population,in determining GP *** emphasis was placed on optimizing training population *** explored its benefits and the associated diminishing returns beyond an optimum *** was done while considering the balance between resource allocation and maximizing prediction accuracy through current optimization *** density and distribution of single-nucleotide polymorphisms,level of linkage disequilibrium,genetic complexity,trait heritability,statistical machine-learning methods,and non-additive effects are the other vital *** wheat,maize,and potato as examples,we summarize the effect of these factors on the accuracy of GP for various *** search for high accuracy in GP—theoretically reaching one when using the Pearson’s correlation as a metric—is an active research area as yet far from optimal for various *** hypothesize that with ultra-high sizes of genotypic and phenotypic datasets,effective training population optimization methods and support from other omics approaches(transcriptomics,metabolomics and proteomics)coupled with deep-learning algorithms could overcome the boundaries of current limitations to achieve the highest possible prediction accuracy,making genomic selection an effective tool in plant breeding.

关键词： genomic selection genetic gain genomic prediction optimization deep learning training population optimization

Enhancing fatigue performance of AZ31 magnesium alloy components fabricated by cold metal transfer-based wire arc directed energy deposition through LPB

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1638-1662页

作者： shambhu Kumar Manjhi srikanth Bontha A.s.s.Balan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology KarnatakaSurathkalSrinivasanagarMangaloreKarnataka 575025India

Cold Metal Transfer-Based Wire Arc Directed Energy Deposition(CMT-WA-DED)presents a promising avenue for the rapid fabrication of components crucial to automotive,shipbuilding,and aerospace ***,the susceptibility to fatigue of CMT-WA-DED-produced AZ31 Mg alloy components has impeded their widespread adoption for critical load-bearing *** this study,a comprehensive investigation into the fatigue behaviour of WA-DED-fabricated AZ31 Mg alloy has been carried out and compared to commercially available wrought AZ31 *** findings indicate that the as-deposited parts exhibit a lower fatigue life than wrought Mg alloy,primarily due to poor surface finish,tensile residual stress,porosity,and coarse grain microstructure inherent in the WA-DED *** Plasticity Burnishing(LPB)treatment is applied to mitigate these issues,which induce significant plastic deformation on the *** treatment resulted in a remarkable improvement of fatigue life by 42%,accompanied by a reduction in surface roughness,grain refinement and enhancement of compressive residual stress ***,during cyclic deformation,WA-DED specimens exhibited higher plasticity and dislocation density compared to both wrought and WA-DED+LPB specimens.A higher fraction of Low Angle Grain Boundaries(LAGBs)in WA-DED specimens contributed to multiple crack initiation sites and convoluted crack paths,ultimately leading to premature *** contrast,wrought and WA-DED+LPB specimens displayed a higher percentage of High Angle Grain Boundaries(HAGBs),which hindered dislocation movement and resulted in fewer crack initiation sites and less complex crack paths,thereby extending fatigue *** findings underscore the effectiveness of LPB as a post-processing technique to enhance the fatigue performance of WA-DED-fabricated AZ31 Mg alloy *** study highlights the importance of LPB surface treatment on AZ31 Mg components produced by CMT-WA-DED to remove surface d

关键词： Wire arc additive manufacturing AZ31 Mg alloy Low plasticity burnishing Low cycle fatigue test strain amplitude

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Increasing polymer scission rate by tying an overhand knot

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science China Chemistry 2024年第11期67卷 3498-3499页

作者： yuheng Hu Jennifer T.Ou Jim y.Huang yuanning Feng Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Oklahoma

similar to the phenomenon of knotted ropes in life, knotted climbing ropes will reduce their strength due to knots. Although computer simulations [1], theoretical speculation[2,3], and intuition [3] suggest that similar processes may occur at the nanoscale, this hypothesis has not been experimentally proven before. With the increasing maturity of molecular recognition and self-assembly, a research communication by Leigh et al. [4] published in Nature Chemistry introduced a molecular overhand knot into a polymer to study its effect on the scission rate of the polymer chain under tension.

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Photometric and spectroscopic study of Ten Low Mass Ratio Contact Binary systems:Orbital stability,O'Connell Effect and Infrared Calcium Line Filling

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 212-222页

作者： surjit s.Wadhwa Adam Popowicz Raúl Michel Petar Kostić Oliver Vince Nick F.H.Tothill Ain y.De Horta Miroslav D.Filipović school of science Western Sydney UniversityLocked Bag 1797PenrithNSW 2751Australia Department of Electronics Electrical Engineering and MicroelectronicsSilesian University of TechnologyAkademicka 1644120 GliwicePoland Instituto de Astronomía UNAM.A.P.87722800 EnsenadaBCMéxico Astronomical Observatory Volgina 711060 BelgradeSerbia

Low mass ratio contact binary systems are more likely to have unstable orbits and potentially *** addition,such systems exhibit characteristics such as starspots and high energy emissions(UV)suggestive of chromospheric and magnetic *** curve modeling of ten contact binary systems is *** were found to be of extreme low mass ratio ranging from 0.122 to 0.24 and three were found to be potentially unstable and possible merger *** of the infrared calcium absorption lines is a marker of increased chromospheric *** use the available Large sky Area Multi-Object Fiber spectroscopic Telescope spectra along with matched standard spectra(broadened for rotation)to measure the excess filling of the central core depression flux of the two main infrared calcium absorption linesλ8542 andλ*** find that all reported contact binaries have excess filling of the core flux in the infrared calcium *** of the systems reported were also observed by the Galaxy Evolution Explorer mission and we find that all three have features of excess ultraviolet emissions further adding evidence for increased chromospheric activity in low mass ratio contact *** of both orbital stability and absorption line filling is dependent on the determination of geometric and absolute parameters from light curve *** an insignificant number of contact binary light curves exhibit the O’Connell effect,usually attributed to *** discuss the inclusion of starspots in light curve solutions and how they influence the geometric and absolute parameters.

关键词： (stars)binaries eclipsing-techniques photometric-stars chromospheres

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