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survey of Genomics Approaches to Improve Bioenergy Traits in Maize,sorghum and sugarcane

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第2期53卷 105-119页

作者： wilfred Vermerris University of Florida Genetics Institute and Agronomy Department Cancer/Genetics Research Complex

Bioenergy crops currently provide the only source of alternative energy with the potential to reduce the use of fossil transportation fuels in a way that is compatible with existing engine technology, including in developing countries. Even though bioenergy research is currently receiving considerable attention, many of the concepts are not new, but rather build on intense research efforts from 30 years ago. A major difference with that era is the availability of genomics tools that have the potential to accelerate crop improvement significantly. This review is focused on maize, sorghum and sugarcane as representatives of bioenergy grasses that produce sugar and/or lignocellulosic biomass. Examples of how genetic mapping, forward and reverse genetics, highthroughput expression profiling and comparative genomics can be used to unravel and improve bioenergy traits will be presented.

关键词： survey of Genomics Approaches to Improve Bioenergy Traits in Maize sorghum and sugarcane

Expression of miR-15/107 Family MicroRNAs in Human Tissues and Cultured Rat Brain Cells

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2014年第1期12卷 19-30页

作者： Wang-Xia Wang Robert J.Danaher Craig s.Miller Joseph R.Berger Vega G.Nubia Bernard s.wilfred Janna H.Neltner Christopher M.Norris Peter T.Nelson sanders-Brown Center on Aging University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536USA College of Dentistry University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536USA Department of Neurology University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536USA Department of Pathology University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536USA Department of Molecular and Biomedical Pharmacology University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536USA

The miR-15/107 family comprises a group of 10 paralogous microRNAs （miRNAs）,sharing a 5＇ AGCAGC *** miRNAs have overlapping *** order to characterize the expression of miR-15/107 family miRNAs,we employed customized TaqMan Low-Density micro-fluid PCR-array to investigate the expression of miR-15/107 family members,and other selected miRNAs,in 11 human tissues obtained at autopsy including the cerebral cortex,frontal cortex,primary visual cortex,thalamus,heart,lung,liver,kidney,spleen,stomach and skeletal ***-103,miR-195 and miR-497 were expressed at similar levels across various tissues,whereas miR-107 is enriched in brain *** also examined the expression patterns of evolutionarily conserved miR-15/107 miRNAs in three distinct primary rat brain cell preparations （enriched for cortical neurons,astrocytes and microglia,respectively）.In primary cultures of rat brain cells,several members of the miR-15/107 family are enriched in neurons compared to other cell types in the central nervous system （CNs）.In addition to mature miRNAs,we also examined the expression of precursors （pri-miRNAs）.Our data suggested a generally poor correlation between the expression of mature miRNAs and their *** summary,we provide a detailed study of the tissue and cell type-specific expression profile of this highly expressed and phylogenetically conserved family of miRNA genes.

关键词： miR-16 miR-424 miR-503 miR-15 Normalization Target prediction

Glacier Changes at svartisen,Northern Norway,during the Last 125 Years:Influence of Climate and Other Factors

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Journal of Earth science 2010年第2期21卷 123-136页

作者： wilfred H Theakstone school of Environment and Development University of Manchester

The two ice caps of svartisen, at the latitude of the Arctic Circle in Norway, supply 60 glaciers, ranging in size from 〉50 to 〈1 km^2. Until the last two decades of the 19th century, the glaciers remained close to their maximum recent （Little Ice Age） size. In response to the prevailing 20th century climate, they have become smaller, but the changes have varied between glaciers. Climatic factors have not been the sole control of the variations. The response times of small, steep glaciers are shorter than those of the longer, more gently sloping outlet glaciers. Topographic factors may moderate the response of individual glaciers to climate. The 20th century mass balance of several of the larger glaciers was dominated by calving into marginal lakes. The mass balance of Engabreen, the largest outlet of the western ice cap, has been measured every year since 1970 and the cumulative balance to 2008 was a gain of 22.7 m water equivalent. Although the pattern of annual variations probably applies to the other glaciers of svartisen, it does not indicate their actual changes （gain or loss）. Thus, the Engabreen record is of little utility in water resource planning for the whole area.

关键词： svartisen climatic change glacier variation calving mass balance.

Photodynamic therapy of oral leukoplakia and orallichen planus using methylene blue:A pilot study

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health sciences 2015年第1期8卷 95-105页

作者： savarimuthu wilfred Prasanna Ekta Ingle Prakasa Rao Aruna Chidambaranathan Pravada Dornadula Koteeswaran s.Ganesan Department of Medical Physics Anna University Chennai-600025India Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology Meenakshi Ammal Dental College Maduravoyal Chennai-600095India Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology sathyabama University Dental College Chennai-600119India

Premalignant lesions like oral lichen planus(OLP),oral leukoplakia(OL)has a fair probability of transforming into malignancy and they are perverse toward conventional ***-namic therapy(PDT)has been considered as an alternative/complimentary therapeutic mo-dality for the management of premalignant *** this study,methylene blue mediated photodynamic therapy(MB-PDT)was used as a possible alternative method for the treatment of OLP and OL.A total of 15 OLP lesions and 13 OL lesions were enrolled in the *** patients were irradiated 1using metal halide lamp filtered at 630土10nm,with a light exposure dose of 120 J/cm^(2) per *** the OLP lesions,MB-PDT was performed once a week for four weeks and for the OL lesions,MB-PDT was performed twice a week for three *** were evaluated pre-and post-and at follow-u sessions by changes in sign and symptom scores,and size of *** have observed a 53.3%of complete reduction in the treated OLP lesions and their decrease in size,sign and symptom score after treatment and at follow-up session was statistially *** have also observed complete response for one OL lesion of the 13 treated *** result indicates that MB-PDT is an effective modality in management of OLP and *** the two types of premalignancies treated with MB-PDT,OLP lesions responded much better than that of OL.

关键词： Photodynamic therapy methylene blue oral lichen planus oral leukoplakia

Altitude Effects of Climatic Variation on Tibetan Plateau and Its Vicinities

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Journal of Earth science 2010年第2期21卷 189-198页

作者：卢爱刚康世昌李宗省 wilfred H Theakstone Department of Environment and Life sciences Weinan Teachers University Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences state Key Laboratory of Cryospheric sciences Yulong Snow Mountain Glacial and Environmental Observation StationCold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences school of Environment and Development University of Manchester

High topographies, such as the Tibetan plateau （TP） in China, have been considered as the sensitive areas in response to global climate change. By analyzing the relationship between warming structure and altitude （1 000-5 000 m） in the TP and its vicinities using the 46-year January mean observed temperature data, we found that there was a significant altitude effect of temperature warming onset time （mutation time） on the plateau and the neighboring regions： the higher the altitude, the later the climate warming happens, and vice versa. There also seems a slight altitude effect on warming magnitude： the higher the altitude, the less the warming magnitude. Therefore, the temperature warming in the high altitude area of the TP （below 5 000 m） responds to global warming less sensitively than the low-altitude neighboring areas both in onset time and magnitude, which may be mainly caused by high albedo and large thermal capacity of the ice/snow cover on the higher part of the plateau and possible heat island effect in the lower part of the plateau.

关键词： climatic variation Tibetan plateau altitude effect.

Chemical Composition of Aerosol and Fresh snow and Tourism Influences at Baishui Glacier No.1 from Mt. Yulong,southeastern Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Earth science 2010年第2期21卷 199-209页

作者：张宁宁何元庆 wilfred H Theakstone 庞洪喜 state Key Laboratory of Cryospheric sciences Yulong Snow Mountain Glacial and Environmental Observation StationCold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences Institute of Environment and Climate Change Research in Western China Lanzhou University school of Environment and Development University of Manchester Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development of Ministry of Education School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences of Nanjing University state Key Laboratory of Cryospheric sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences

Aerosol and snow samples were collected at ablation zone of Baishui （白水） Glacier No. 1, Mt. Yulong （玉龙）, from May to June, 2006. The concentrations of Cl^-, NO3^-, sO4^2-, Na^＋, K^＋, Mg^2＋, and Ca^2＋ were determined by ion chromatograph both in aerosol and snow samples. The average total aerosol loading is 25.45 ***^-1, NO3^- and Na^＋ are the dominant soluble ions in the aerosol, accounting for 39% and 21% of average total aerosol loading, respectively. Monsoon circulation reduces the concentration of most ions, indicating that wet scavenging is effective for aerosol particles. In snow samples, sO4^2- and Ca^2＋ are the dominant anion and cation, respectively. A lower Na^＋/Cl^- ratio was found in fresh snow samples compared to the higher ratio that was found in aerosol samples. Analyzing the difference in sO4^2- and NO3^- in air and fresh snow indicated that the aerosol was influenced by local circulation, but the components in fresh snow samples were from long-distance transport. Enrichment of NO3^- in aerosol samples is attributed to motor exhaust emissions from tourism by calculating the sO4^2-/NO3^- ratio in aerosol and fresh snow samples. The temporal variation and correlation coefficients between soluble species in aerosol samples suggest that Cl^-, Na^＋ and K^＋ come from sea-salt aerosol, and sO4^2-, Mg^2＋ and Ca^2＋ are from continental crust sources.

关键词： aerosol fresh snow glacier Mt. Yulong tourism.

基于离子液的超声辅助萃取小蓼叶中的精油及真实溶剂似导体屏蔽模型研究

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色谱 2017年第6期35卷 656-664页

作者： Habib ULLAH Cecilia D wilfred Maizatul s sHAHARUN Center of Research in Ionic Liquids Universiti Teknologi PETRONAs Fundamental and Applied science Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS

Ionic liquids ( ILs) based ultrasonic-assisted extract has been applied for the extraction of essential oil from Persicaria minor leaves. The effects of temperature,sonication time,and particle size of the plant material on the yield of essential oil were investigated. Among the different ILs employed,1-ethyl-3-methyli midazolium acetate was the most effective,providing a 9. 55% yield of the essential oil under optimum conditions( 70 ℃,25 min,IL ∶hexane ratio of 7 ∶10 ( v /v) ,particle size 60-80 mesh) . The performance of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate in the extraction was attributed to its lowviscosity and ability to disintegrate the structural matrix of the plant material. The ability of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate was also confirmed using the conductor like-screening model for realistic solvents. This research proves that ILs can be used to extract essential oils from lignocellulosic biomass.

关键词： gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC-Ms) ionic liquid(IL) ultrasonication optimization Persicaria minor essential oil

Role of Positive selection Pressure on the Evolution of H5N1 Hemagglutinin

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2009年第1期7卷 47-56页

作者： Venkata R.s.K. Duvvuri Bhargavi Duvvuri wilfred R. Cuff Gillian E. Wu Jianhong Wu Center for Disease Modeling York Institute of Health Research York University Toronto Ontario M3J 1P3 Canada school of Kinesiology and Health sciences York University Toronto Ontario M3J 1P3 Canada National Microbiology Laboratory Public Health Agency of Canada Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 3R2 Canada Department of Mathematics and statistics York University Toronto Ontario M3J IP3 Canada

The surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin （HA） helps the influenza A virus to evade the host immune system by antigenic variation and is a major driving force for viral evolution. In this study, the selection pressure on HA of H5N1 influenza A virus was analyzed using bioinformatics algorithms. Most of the identified positive selection （Ps） sites were found to be within or adjacent to epitope sites. some of the identified Ps sites are consistent with previous experimental studies, providing further support to the biological significance of our findings. The highest frequency of Ps sites was observed in recent strains isolated during 2005-2007. Phylogenetic analysis was also conducted on HA sequences from various hosts. Viral drift is almost similar in both avian and human species with a progressive trend over the years. Our study reports new mutations in functional regions of HA that might provide markers for vaccine design or can be used to predict isolates of pandemic potential.

关键词： positive selection H5N1 hemagglutinin epitope bioinformatics

Observed Glaciohydrological Changes in China's Typical Monsoonal Temperate Glacier Region since 1980s

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Journal of Earth science 2010年第2期21卷 179-188页

作者：庞洪喜何元庆张宁宁李宗省 wilfred H Theakstone Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development of Ministry of Education School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences of Nanjing University state Key Laboratory of Cryospheric sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences state Key Laboratory of Cryospheric sciences Yulong Snow Mountain Glacial and Environmental Observation StationCold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Environment and Climate Change Research in Western China Lanzhou University state Key Laboratory of Cryospheric sciences Yulong Snow Mountain Glacial and Environmental Observation StationCold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences school of Environment and Development University of Manchester

Under the background of significant climate warming since the 1980s, the glaciers in China＇s monsoonal temperate glacier region respond to the warming intensely. Based on the glaciohydrological observations at some typical glaciers from Mts. Yulong （玉龙） and Gongga （贡嘎） of Hengduan （横断） Mountains Range in the southeastern Tibetan plateau, the glaciohydrological changes in the temperate glacier region since the 1980s were investigated. First, the glacier terminus exhibited an accelerating retreat. second, as the glacier area subject to melting has increased and the ablation season has become longer due to the warming, the ablation of glacier enhanced, leading to increasing contribution of meltwater to annual river discharge. Third, surface topography of small temperate glacier may be changed significantly by crevasses and ruptures developed in the accumulation zone and ice collapse events in the ablation zone. The observed results may indicate a signal that the survival of glaciers in China＇s monsoonal temperate glacier region is being threatened by today＇s climate warming.

关键词： monsoonal temperate glacier,glaciohydrological change Mts. Yulong and Gongga climate warming.