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Combined Effect of Outdoor Time and Other Modifiable Factors on Myopia Incidence Among Children and Adolescents—9 PLADs,China,2020

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China CDC weekly 2024年第9期6卷 151-156,I0001,I0002页

作者： Panliang Zhong Yunfei Liu Ning ma Jiajia Dang Di shi shan Cai Ziyue Chen Yanhui Dong Peijin Hu Jun ma Patrick w.C Lau Randall s.stafford Yi song Institute of Child and Adolescent Health School of Public HealthPeking UniversityNational Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive HealthBeijingChina Department of sport Physical Education&HealthHong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Medicine Stanford Prevention Research CenterStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUnited States

summary what is already known about this topic?Myopia has been identified as a significant emerging challenge and policy priority among children and adolescents in China by the Ministry of Education and seven other *** research has been conducted to investigate the collective impact of outdoor time and other modifiable factors on the incidence of myopia.

关键词： Incidence collective policy

Transcranial magneto-Acoustic stimulation Attenuates synaptic Plasticity Impairment through the Activation of Piezo1 in Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 81-95页

作者： Fangxuan Chu Ruxin Tan Xin wang Xiaoqing Zhou Ren ma Xiaoxu ma Ying Li Ruixu Liu Chunlan Zhang Xu Liu Tao Yin Zhipeng Liu Institute of Biomedical Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300192China Tianjin Institutes of Health science Tianjin301600China Neuroscience Center Chinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China

The neuropathological features of Alzheimer’s disease include amyloid *** emerging evidence suggests that Piezo1,a mechanosensitive cation channel,plays a critical role in transforming ultrasound-related mechanical stimuli through its trimeric propeller-like structure,but the importance of Piezo1-mediated mechanotransduction in brain functions is less ***,apart from mechanical stimulation,Piezo1 channels are strongly modulated by *** assume that Piezo1 may play a role in converting mechanical and electrical signals,which could induce the phagocytosis and degradation of Aβ,and the combined effect of mechanical and electrical stimulation is superior to single mechanical ***,we design a transcranial magneto-acoustic stimulation(Tmas)system,based on transcranial ultrasound stimulation(TUs)within a magnetic field that combines a magnetoacoustic coupling effect electric field and the mechanical force of ultrasound,and applied it to test the above hypothesis in 5xFAD *** tests,in vivo electrophysiological recordings,Golgi–Cox staining,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,immunofluorescence,immunohistochemistry,real-time quantitative PCR,western blotting,RNA sequencing,and cerebral blood flow monitoring were used to assess whether Tmas can alleviate the symptoms of AD mouse model by activating Piezo1.

关键词： stimulation Alzheimer Piezo1

A concise proof of Benford's law

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Fundamental Research 2024年第4期4卷 841-844页

作者： Luohan wang Bo-Qiang ma school of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for High Energy Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum matter Beijing 100871China

This article presents a concise proof of the famous Benford's law when the distribution has a Riemann integrable probability density function and provides a criterion to judge whether a distribution obeys the *** proof is intuitive and elegant,accessible to anyone with basic knowledge of calculus,revealing that the law originates from the basic property of human number *** criterion can bring great convenience to the field of fraud detection.

关键词： Benford's law First-digit law significant digit law Proof Criterion

Human influence on the duration of extreme temperature events in Asia's hotspot regions

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 312-326页

作者： Zi-Meng wANG Hong-Yun ma wei LI Hai-shan CHEN Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Observations and models indicate that human activities exert a considerable impact on the frequency and intensity of extreme temperature events,which are associated with global ***,changes in the duration of extreme temperature events and their association with human influence have not been considered in most ***,the possible relationship between the observed changes in the warm and cold spell duration(wsDI and CsDI)in hotspot regions during 1960-2014 and human influence was investigated based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis version 1 and Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)*** projection based on these attribution results was also *** optimal fingerprinting technique was used to compare observed changes in wsDI and CsDI to simulated changes averaged across eight CMIP6 *** show that anthropogenic(ANT)forcing contributed to the observed increase in wsDI in the three hotspot regions(west Asia,south Asia and southeast Asia),with the majority of the changes being attributed to greenhouse gas ***,a generally weak ANT signal can be observed in the decreasing trend of CsDI and can be detected in south and southeast *** influence of aerosol forcing remains undetected in either wsDI or CsDI,which differs from the results for frequency and intensity of extreme *** attribution results revealed that the constrained projection of wsDI is lower than the raw projection for 2015-2100 in west Asia and southeast ***,no differences in future CsDI changes are found in southeast Asia between the constrained and raw projections.

关键词： Extreme temperature events Duration Detection attribution Constraint projection Hotspot regions

superplasticity of fine-grained Mg-10Li alloy prepared by severe plastic deformation and understanding its deformation mechanisms

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 316-331页

作者： H.T.Jeong s.w.Lee w.J.Kim Department of materials science and Engineering Hongik UniversityMapo-guSangsu-dong 72-1Seoul 121-791Republic of Korea

The superplastic behavior and associated deformation mechanisms of a fine-grained Mg-10.1 Li-0.8Al-0.6Zn alloy(LAZ1011)with a grain size of 3.2μm,primarily composed of the BCCβphase and a small amount of the HCPαphase,were examined in a temperature range of 473 K to 623 *** microstructural refinement of this alloy was achieved by employing high-ratio differential speed *** best superplasticity was achieved at 523 K and at strain rates of 10^(-4)-5×10^(-4)s^(-1),where tensile elongations of 550±600%were *** the heating and holding stage of the tensile samples prior to tensile loading,a significant increase in grain size was observed at temperatures above 573 ***,it was important to consider this effect when analyzing and understanding the superplastic deformation behavior and *** the investigated strain rate range,the superplastic flow at low strain rates was governed by lattice diffusion-controlled grain boundary sliding,while at high strain rates,lattice diffusion-controlled dislocation climb creep was the rate-controlling deformation *** was concluded that solute drag creep is unlikely to *** the late stages of deformation at 523 K,it was observed that grain boundary sliding led to the agglomeration of theαphase,resulting in significant strain *** mechanism maps were constructed forβ-Mg-Li alloys in the form of 2D and 3D formats as a function of strain rate,stress,temperature,and grain size,using the constitutive equations for various deformation mechanisms derived based on the data of the current tests.

关键词： magnesium-lithium alloy superplasticity severe plastic deformation Grain size Grain growth

Mns–MnO heterogeneous nanocube@N,s-doped carbon as a highly efficient bifunctional water splitting electrocatalyst

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 1977-1988页

作者： Xue-Qian wang Xiang-Ying ma wang-Zhi wu Hui-Bing He Nan-Nan wang Ren-Ji Zheng shao-Jian ma Yan-Qiu Zhu Pei-Kang shen Jin-Liang Zhu school of Resources Environment and MaterialsState Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-Cycle Safety for Composite StructuresCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi MinzuUniversity Nanning 530006 China school of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

A stable,efficient,and economical bifunctional electrolytic catalyst would be incredibly beneficial for the development of hydrogen production by electrocatalytic water *** this study,we synthesized a novel Mns–MnO heterogeneous nanocube@N,s-doped carbon(Mns–MnO@NsC).Mns–MnO nanocubes possess rich heterogeneous interfaces and plentiful catalytic active sites to promote electrochemical reactions,while the N,s-doped carbon shell possesses excellent conductivity and catalytic properties and protects the ***–MnO@NsC exhibited excellent electrochemical properties as an effective bifunctional electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in KOH *** the HER,the overpotential was as low as 124 mV at a current density of 10 ma·cm^(-2)while in the OER,it was only 340 mV at 100 ma·cm^(-2)under the same *** addition,a Mns–MnO@NsC||Mns–MnO@NsC electrolyzer exhibited almost comparable activity and higher steadiness than those exhibited by the state-of-the-art Pt/C||RuO_(2)/C system for full water splitting in KOH solution.

关键词： manganese sulfide manganese oxide Doped carbon Heterogeneous nanocube water splitting

Conversion of LiPss Accelerated by Pt-Doped Biomass-Derived Hyphae Carbon Nanobelts as self-supporting Hosts for Long-Lifespan Li-s Batteries

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Energy & Environmental materials 2024年第3期7卷 53-62页

作者： Fengfeng Han Liwen Fan Xinzhi ma Huiqing Lu Lu Li Xitian Zhang Lili wu Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap materials Ministry of EducationSchool of Physics and Electronic EngineeringHarbin Normal University Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province School of Life Science and TechnologyHarbin Normal University

Rechargeable Li-s batteries （LsBs） are emerging as an important alternative to lithium-ion batteries （LIBs）,owing to their high energy densities and low cost; yet sluggish redox kinetics of LiPss results in inferior cycle ***,we prepared multifunctional self-supporting hyphae carbon nanobelt （HCNB）as hosts by carbonization of hyphae balls of Rhizopus,which could increase the s loading of the cathode without sacrificing reaction *** platinum （Pt） nanoparticles were introduced into HCNBs （PtHCNBs） by ionbeam sputtering *** on the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses,the introduced trace Pt regulated the local electronic states of heteroatoms in *** kinetics investigation combined with operando Raman measurements revealed the accelerated reaction mechanics of sulfur *** from the synergistic catalytic effect and the unique structures,the as-prepared PtHCNB/MwNCT/s cathodes delivered a stable capacity retention of 77%for 400 cycles at 0.5℃with a sulfur loading of 4.6 mg *** importantly,remarkable cycling performance was achieved with an high areal s loading of 7.6 mg *** finding offers a new strategy to prolong the cycle life of LsBs.

关键词： high areal capacity high s loading hyphae carbon nanobelt lithium–sulfur battery operando Raman

Health risk assessment of trace metal(loid)s in agricultural soils based on Monte Carlo simulation coupled with positive matrix factorization model in Chongqing, southwest China

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Journal of Mountain science 2024年第1期21卷 100-112页

作者： ma Jie CHU Lijuan sUN Jing wANG shenglan GE Miao DENG Li Chongqing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center Chongqing 401147China Key Laboratory of Organic Pollutants in Environmental Chemical Behavior and Ecological Toxicology of Chongqing Chongqing 401147China Department of Pediatrics Chongqing Health Center for Women and ChildrenChongqing 401147China Department of Pediatrics Women and Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 401147China

This study aimed to investigate the pollution characteristics, source apportionment, and health risks associated with trace metal(loid)s(TMs) in the major agricultural producing areas in Chongqing, China. we analyzed the source apportionment and assessed the health risk of TMs in agricultural soils by using positive matrix factorization(PMF) model and health risk assessment(HRA) model based on Monte Carlo simulation. Meanwhile, we combined PMF and HRA models to explore the health risks of TMs in agricultural soils by different pollution sources to determine the priority control factors. Results showed that the average contents of cadmium(Cd), arsenic (As), lead(Pb), chromium(Cr), copper(Cu), nickel(Ni), and zinc(Zn) in the soil were found to be 0.26, 5.93, 27.14, 61.32, 23.81, 32.45, and 78.65 mg/kg, respectively. spatial analysis and source apportionment analysis revealed that urban and industrial sources, agricultural sources, and natural sources accounted for 33.0%, 27.7%, and 39.3% of TM accumulation in the soil, respectively. In the HRA model based on Monte Carlo simulation, noncarcinogenic risks were deemed negligible(hazard index sks were at acceptable level(10^(-6)sk ≤ 10^(-4)), with higher risks observed for children compared to adults. The relationship between TMs, their sources, and health risks indicated that urban and industrial sources were primarily associated with As, contributing to 75.1% of carcinogenic risks and 55.7% of non-carcinogenic risks, making them the primary control factors. Meanwhile, agricultural sources were primarily linked to Cd and Pb, contributing to 13.1% of carcinogenic risks and 21.8% of non-carcinogenic risks, designating them as secondary control factors.

关键词： Monte Carlo simulation Health risk assessment Trace metal(loid)s Positive matrix factorization Agricultural soils

Uniform decomposition of velocity gradient tensor

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 24-34页

作者： Chenxi ma Chaoqun Liu Department of mathematics University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTXUSA

In this paper,the principal decomposition of the velocity gradient tensor[∇v]is discussed in 3 cases based on the discriminant∆:∆0 with 3 distinct real eigen values,and∆=0 with 1 or 2 distinct real eigen *** velocity ... 详细信息

In this paper,the principal decomposition of the velocity gradient tensor[∇v]is discussed in 3 cases based on the discriminant∆:∆with 1 real eigen value and a pair of conjugate complex eigen values,∆>0 with 3 distinct real eigen values,and∆=0 with 1 or 2 distinct real eigen *** velocity gradient tensor can also be classified as rotation point,which can be decomposed into three parts,i.e.,rotation[R],shear[s]and stretching/compression[sC],and non-rotation point,we defined a new resistance term[L],and the tensor can be decomposed into three parts,i.e.,resistance[L],shear[s]and stretching/compression[sC].Example matric are also displayed to demonstrate the new *** of principal decomposition between 3 different cases,and between Resistance and Liutex will also be discussed.

关键词： Velocity gradient Liutex resistance fluid kinematics