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Role and Mechanisms of Actions of Thyroid Hormone on the skeletal Development

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Bone Research 2013年第2期1卷 146-161页

作者： ha-Young Kim subburaman Mohan Musculoskeletal Disease Center Loma Linda VA HealthCare System Departments of Medicine Loma Linda University Division of Endocrinology Department of Internal MedicineWonkwang University Sanbon Hospital

The importance of the thyroid hormone axis in the regulation of skeletal growth and maintenance has been well established from clinical studies involving patients with mutations in proteins that regulate synthesis and/or actions of thyroid hormone. Data from genetic mouse models involving disruption and overexpression of components of the thyroid hormone axis also provide direct support for a key role for thyroid hormone in the regulation of bone metabolism. Thyroid hormone regulates proliferation and/or differentiated actions of multiple cell types in bone including chondrocytes, osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Thyroid hormone effects on the target cells are mediated via ligand-inducible nuclear receptors/transcription factors, thyroid hormone receptor （TR） a and ~, of which TRa seems to be critically important in regulating bone cell functions. In terms of mechanisms for thyroid hormone action, studies suggest that thyroid hormone regulates a number of key growth factor signaling pathways including insulin-like growth factor-I, parathyroid hormone related protein, fibroblast growth factor, Indian hedgehog and Wnt to influence skeletal growth. In this review we describe findings from various genetic mouse models and clinical mutations of thyroid hormone signaling related mutations in humans that pertain to the role and mechanism of action of thyroid hormone in the regulation of skeletal growth and maintenance.

关键词： thyroid hormone bone cartilage growth factors bone cells

Optimal spatial Allocation of Initial Attack Resources for Firefighting in the Republic of Korea Using a scenario Optimization Model

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Journal of Mountain science 2014年第2期11卷 323-335页

作者： Yohan LEE Byungdoo LEE Kyung ha KIM Korea Rural Economic Institute 117-3 Hoegi-ro Dongdeamun-guSeoul 130-710 South Korea Korea Forest Research Institute Hoegiro 57 Dongdaemun-guSeoul 130-712 South Korea

【Title】 This study explores the optimal spatial allocation of initial attack resources for firefighting in the Republic of Korea. To improve the effectiveness of Korean initial attack resources with a range of policy goals, we create a scenario optimization model that minimizes the expected number of fires not receiving a predefined response. In this study, the predefined response indicates the number of firefighting resources that must arrive at a fire before the fire escapes and becomes a large fire. We use spatially explicit GIs-based information on the ecology, fire behavior, and economic characterizations important in Korea. The data include historical fire events in the Republic of Korea from 1991 to 2007, suppression costs, and spatial information on forest fire extent. Interviews with forest managers inform the range of we address in the decision model. Based on the geographic data, we conduct a sensitivity analysis by varying the parameters systematically. Information on the relative importance of the components of the settings helps us to identify “rules of thumb” for initial attack resource allocations in particular ecological and policy settings.

关键词： spatial allocation Initial attack Firefighting The Republic of Korea senario optimization

Base editing: a novel cure for severe combined immunodeficiency

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第10期8卷 4433-4435页

作者： Teng-Cheong ha Michael Morgan Axel schambach Institute of Experimental Hematology Hannover Medical SchoolHannover30625Germany REBIRTH Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine Hannover Medical SchoolHannover30625Germany Division of Hematology/Oncology Boston Children’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA

In a recent Cell article,McAuley,Kohn et *** proof-of-principle of a promising gene therapy(GT)approach to correct the underlying genetic defect responsible for CD3δ-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency(sCID)using a CRIsPR-Cas9-derived adenine-base-editor(ABE).1 This ground-breaking and important study could impact future GTs for monogenic diseases by providing novel tailored therapeutic options(Fig.1).

关键词： immunodeficiency al. diseases

Effect of a seasonal diffuse pollution migration on natural organic matter behavior in a stratified dam reservoir

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2010年第6期22卷 908-914页

作者： soon Ju Yu Jae Yil Lee sung Ryong ha National Institute of Environmental Research Department of Urban Engineering Chungbuk National University

This article aims to describe the influence of diffuse pollution on the temporal and spatial characteristics of natural organic matter （NOM） in a stratified dam reservoir, the Daecheong Dam, on the basis of intensive observation results and the dynamic water quality simulation using CE-QUAL-W2. Turbidity is regarded as a comprehensive representation of allochothonous organic matter from diffuse sources in storm season because the turbidity concentration showed reasonable significance in a statistical correlation with the UV absorbance at 254 nm and total phosphorus. CE-QUAL-W2 simulation results showed good consistency with the observed data in terms of dissolved organic matter （DOM） including refractory dissolved organic carbon （RDOC） and labile DOC and also well explained the internal movement of constituents and stratification phenomenon in the reservoir. Instead turbidity and NOM were related well in the upper region of the reservoir according to flow distance, gradually as changing to dissolved form of organic matter, RDOM affected organic matter concentration of reservoir water quality compared to turbidity. To control the increase of soluble organic matters in the dam reservoir, appropriate dam water discharge gate operation provided effective measurement. Because of the gate operation let avoid the accumulation of organic matter within a dam reservoir by shorten of turbid regime retention time.

关键词： CE-QUQL-W2 natural organic matter stratified dam reservoir turbidity flow

Probability mass first flush evaluation for combined sewer discharges

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2010年第6期22卷 915-922页

作者： Inhyeok Park Hongmyeong Kim soo-Kwon Chae sungryong ha Department of Urban Engineering Chungbuk National University Ecowiz Corporation Cheongju school of Human & Environmental sciences Eulji University

The Korea government has put in a lot of effort to construct sanitation facilities for controlling non-point source pollution. The first flush phenomenon is a prime example of such pollution. However, to date, several serious problems have arisen in the operation and treatment effectiveness of these facilities due to unsuitable design flow volumes and pollution loads. It is difficult to assess the optimal flow volume and pollution mass when considering both monetary and temporal limitations. The objective of this article was to characterize the discharge of storm runoff pollution from urban catchments in Korea and to estimate the probability of mass first flush （MFFn） using the storm water management model and probability density functions. As a result of the review of gauged storms for the representative using probability density function with rainfall volumes during the last two years, all the gauged storms were found to be valid representative precipitation. Both the observed MFFn and probability MFFn in BE-1 denoted similarly large magnitudes of first flush with roughly 40% of the total pollution mass contained in the first 20% of the runoff. In the case of BE-2, however, there were significant difference between the observed MFFn and probability MFFn.

关键词： first flush combined sewer overflows (CsOs) probability mass first flush storm water management model best management practices

A voltage-controlled chaotic oscillator based on carbon nanotube field-effect transistor for low-power embedded systems

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第5期23卷 617-622页

作者： van ha Nguyen Wonkyeong Park Namtae Kim hanjung song Department of Nano systems Engineering Inje University Department of Electronics Engineering Inje University Center for Nano Manufacturing Inje University

This paper presents a compact and low-power-based discrete-time chaotic oscillator based on a carbon nanotube field-effect transistor implemented using Wong and Deng＇s well-known model. The chaotic circuit is composed of a nonlinear circuit that creates an adjustable chaos map, two sample and hold cells for capture and delay functions, and a voltage shifter that works as a buffer and adjusts the output voltage for feedback. The operation of the chaotic circuit is verified with the sPICE software package, which uses a supply voltage of 0.9 V at a frequency of 20 kHz. The time series, frequency spectra, transitions in phase space, sensitivity with the initial condition diagrams, and bifurcation phenomena are presented. The main advantage of this circuit is that its chaotic signal can be generated while dissipating approximately 7.8 μW of power, making it suitable for embedded systems where many chaos-signal generators are required on a single chip.

关键词： chaos generator carbon nanotube field-effect transistor bifurcation random noise generator

Investigation of Punch Resistance of the Allomyrira dichtoloma Beetle Forewing

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2018年第1期15卷 57-68页

作者： Ngoc san ha Vinh Tung Le Nam seo Goo smart Microsystem Research Laboratory Department of Advanced Technology Fusion Division of Interdisciplinary Studies Konkuk University Seou105029 Republic of Korea Faculty of science Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn VIC 3122 Australia

In this study, the punch resistance of the beetle forewing was investigated to address the ability of the forewing against the external force. The punch resistance of the forewing was measured for different sizes and sexes of beetles using a conventional testing method in conjunction with the Digital Image Correlation （DIC） technique. The results showed that the maximum fracture load was measured around 23 N for the female beetle and around 20.2 N for the male beetle in the front-side punch test. Moreover, the fracture load in the front-side punch test was higher than that in the back-side punch test for both male and female beetles. This means that the beetle forewing plays a protection role against external loads. Furthermore, the puncture energy in the front-side punch test for the female beetle （6.91 m J） was a little higher than that for the male beetle （5.27 mJ）. In addition, the DIC results revealed that the first crack occurred along the trachea line and the second crack then appeared in the direction that was perpendicular to the direction of the first crack. This study provides a com- prehensive understanding of the mechanical protection properties of the beetle forewing and offers a good lesson for studying lightweight bio-inspired composite material.

关键词： beetle forewing punch test punch energy digital image correlation

Thresholdless coherence in a superradiant laser

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第11期13卷 2549-2555页

作者： seung-Hoon Oh Jinuk Kim Junseo ha Gibeom son Kyungwon An Department of Physics and Astronomy&Institute of Applied Physics Seoul National UniversitySeoulKorea Korea Research Institute of standards and science DaejeonKorea

Lasing threshold in the conventional lasers is the minimum input power required to initiate laser *** has been widely accepted that the conventional laser threshold occurring around a unity intracavity photon number can be eliminated in the input-output curve by making the so-calledβparameter approach *** recent experiments,however,have revealed that even in this case the photon statistics still undergo a transition from coherent to thermal statistics when the intracavity mean photon number is decreased below *** the coherent output is only available above the diminished threshold,the long-sought promise of thresholdless lasers to produce always coherent light has become ***,we present an always-coherent thresholdless laser based on superradiance by two-level atoms in a quantum superposition state with the same phase traversing a high-Q *** lasing was observed without the conventional lasing threshold around the unity photon number and the photon statistics remained near coherent even below *** coherence was improved by reducing the coupling constant as well as the excited-state amplitude in the superposition *** results pave a way toward always-coherent thresholdless lasers with more practical media such as quantum dots,nitrogen-vacancy centers and doped ions in crystals.

关键词： laser coherent lasing

Photodiode-Based Chua＇s Circuit with Light Controllability

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Chinese Physics Letters 2014年第6期31卷 24-28页

作者： NAM sang Guk NGUYEN van ha sONG hanjung Department of Nanoseience and Engineering lnje University Gimhae 621-749 Korea Center for Nano Manufacturing Inje University Gimhae 621-749 Korea

We present a photodiode-based Chua＇s chaotic circuit that is controllable by light. The proposed circuit consists of an inductor, two passive capacitors, a photodiode-based variable resistor, and a positive feedback trans- conductor with negative nonlinearity. The chaotic dynamics of the circuit were verified by using the simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis analysis using the 0.35 #m complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor process parameters. The gain results （such as the time waveform~ frequency analysis, three-dimensional attractor, bifurcation and Lyapunov exponents diagrams） confirm that the chaotic behavior of the circuit could be controlled by light intensity via the photodiode-based variable resistor.

关键词： REDUCED instruction set computers INTEGRATED circuits sEMICONDUCTOR industry COMPUTER simulation ENERGY storage sEMICONDUCTOR doping